Design and modeling of an optimized interurban smart grid

The article presents a detailed exploration of the design and modeling of optimized interurban smart grids, focusing on the integration of renewable energy sources and advanced technologies to enhance energy distribution efficiency. It begins by discussing the evolution of high-voltage electrical transmission systems and the need for a new network model that can efficiently integrate emerging technologies such as self-consumption, new storage technologies, and electric vehicles. The study analyzes renewable energies like wind, photovoltaic, solar thermal, and hydraulic generation, providing mathematical formulations for each. It also examines energy consumption patterns and power losses, offering strategies to minimize them. The article includes a comprehensive modeling of a smart grid in the North of Cáceres and South of Salamanca (Spain), demonstrating the practical application of the theoretical concepts. The results highlight a significant reduction in energy losses, validating the proposed methodology for improving energy transportation and distribution performance. The article concludes by emphasizing the benefits of designing distribution grids as smart grids, including increased efficiency and reduced dependence on external power plants.