Skip to main content
Top

2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

5. Development of Advanced Nanoarchitectures for Photocatalytic Treatment of NO x

Authors : Shuning Xiao, Dieqing Zhang, Guisheng Li, Hexing Li

Published in: Nanostructured Photocatalysts

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

As an important component of polluted air, NO x not only pollutes the atmospheric environment, but also causes harm to the health of humans directly or indirectly. Thus, different routes, such as selective catalytic reduction, selective non-catalytic reduction, and photocatalytic technologies have been explored for removing NO x . Among them, the photocatalytic route obtained lots of attentions due to its preferred advantages, including simple operation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong durability. In this chapter, we briefly introduce the generation mechanism, properties, and the hazards of NO x , comparing the different techniques for NO x degradation. We mainly focus on the photocatalytic NO x removal by reviewing the latest development of advanced nanoarchitectures for oxidation of NO x via designing and fabricating novel photocatalytic semiconductor nanomaterials, of which TiO2-based photocatalysts, bismuth-based photocatalysts and their modifications are discussed.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Gaya UI, Abdullah AH (2008) Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide: a review of fundamentals, progress and problems. J Photochem Photobio C 9(1):1–12CrossRef Gaya UI, Abdullah AH (2008) Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide: a review of fundamentals, progress and problems. J Photochem Photobio C 9(1):1–12CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Busca G, Berardinelli S, Resini C et al (2008) Technologies for the removal of phenol from fluid streams: a short review of recent developments. J Hazard Mater 160(2–3):265–288CrossRef Busca G, Berardinelli S, Resini C et al (2008) Technologies for the removal of phenol from fluid streams: a short review of recent developments. J Hazard Mater 160(2–3):265–288CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Lee H, Choi W (2002) Photocatalytic oxidation of arsenite in TiO2 suspension: kinetics and mechanisms. Environ Sci Technol 36(17):3872–3878CrossRef Lee H, Choi W (2002) Photocatalytic oxidation of arsenite in TiO2 suspension: kinetics and mechanisms. Environ Sci Technol 36(17):3872–3878CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Dalton JS, Janes PA, Jones NG et al (2002) Photocatalytic oxidation of NO x gases using TiO2: a surface spectroscopic approach. Environ Pollut 120(2):415–422CrossRef Dalton JS, Janes PA, Jones NG et al (2002) Photocatalytic oxidation of NO x gases using TiO2: a surface spectroscopic approach. Environ Pollut 120(2):415–422CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Lasek J, Yu Y-H, Wu JCS (2013) Removal of NO x by photocatalytic processes. J Photochem Photobio C 14:29–52CrossRef Lasek J, Yu Y-H, Wu JCS (2013) Removal of NO x by photocatalytic processes. J Photochem Photobio C 14:29–52CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Hoek G, Krishnan RM, Beelen R et al (2013) Long-term air pollution exposure and cardio-respiratory mortality: a review. Environ Health 12(1):43CrossRef Hoek G, Krishnan RM, Beelen R et al (2013) Long-term air pollution exposure and cardio-respiratory mortality: a review. Environ Health 12(1):43CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Wang S, Hao J (2012) Air quality management in China: issues, challenges, and options. J Environ Sci 24(1):2–13CrossRef Wang S, Hao J (2012) Air quality management in China: issues, challenges, and options. J Environ Sci 24(1):2–13CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Yang QW, Li PF, Ren BN et al (2013) Study on the mechanism of SCR NO by Mn-Ce/CNTs catalyst at low-temperature. Adv Mater Res 773:645–648CrossRef Yang QW, Li PF, Ren BN et al (2013) Study on the mechanism of SCR NO by Mn-Ce/CNTs catalyst at low-temperature. Adv Mater Res 773:645–648CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Schmieg SJ, Oh SH, Kim CH et al (2012) Thermal durability of Cu-CHA NH3-SCR catalysts for diesel NO x reduction. Catal Today 184(1):252–261CrossRef Schmieg SJ, Oh SH, Kim CH et al (2012) Thermal durability of Cu-CHA NH3-SCR catalysts for diesel NO x reduction. Catal Today 184(1):252–261CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Colombo M, Nova I, Tronconi E (2012) Detailed kinetic modeling of the NH3–NO/NO2 SCR reactions over a commercial Cu-zeolite catalyst for diesel exhausts after treatment. Catal Today 197(1):243–255CrossRef Colombo M, Nova I, Tronconi E (2012) Detailed kinetic modeling of the NH3–NO/NO2 SCR reactions over a commercial Cu-zeolite catalyst for diesel exhausts after treatment. Catal Today 197(1):243–255CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Møller J, Munk B, Crillesen K et al (2011) Life cycle assessment of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of nitrous oxides in a full-scale municipal solid waste incinerator. Waste Manage (Oxford) 31(6):1184–1193CrossRef Møller J, Munk B, Crillesen K et al (2011) Life cycle assessment of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of nitrous oxides in a full-scale municipal solid waste incinerator. Waste Manage (Oxford) 31(6):1184–1193CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Fan W, Zhu T, Sun Y et al (2014) Effects of gas compositions on NO x reduction by selective non-catalytic reduction with ammonia in a simulated cement precalciner atmosphere. Chemosphere 113:182–187CrossRef Fan W, Zhu T, Sun Y et al (2014) Effects of gas compositions on NO x reduction by selective non-catalytic reduction with ammonia in a simulated cement precalciner atmosphere. Chemosphere 113:182–187CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Farcy B, Abou-Taouk A, Vervisch L et al (2014) Two approaches of chemistry downsizing for simulating selective non catalytic reduction DeNO x process. Fuel 118:291–299CrossRef Farcy B, Abou-Taouk A, Vervisch L et al (2014) Two approaches of chemistry downsizing for simulating selective non catalytic reduction DeNO x process. Fuel 118:291–299CrossRef
14.
go back to reference S-l F, Song Q, Tang J-S et al (2014) Effect of CaO on the selective non-catalytic reduction deNO x process: experimental and kinetic study. Chem Eng J 249:252–259CrossRef S-l F, Song Q, Tang J-S et al (2014) Effect of CaO on the selective non-catalytic reduction deNO x process: experimental and kinetic study. Chem Eng J 249:252–259CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Sano T, Tsutsui S, Koike K et al (2013) Activation of graphitic carbon nitride (gC3N4) by alkaline hydrothermal treatment for photocatalytic NO oxidation in gas phase. J Mater Chem A 1(21):6489–6496CrossRef Sano T, Tsutsui S, Koike K et al (2013) Activation of graphitic carbon nitride (gC3N4) by alkaline hydrothermal treatment for photocatalytic NO oxidation in gas phase. J Mater Chem A 1(21):6489–6496CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Bianchi CL, Pirola C, Selli E et al (2012) Photocatalytic NO x abatement: the role of the material supporting the TiO2 active layer. J Hazard Mater 211:203–207CrossRef Bianchi CL, Pirola C, Selli E et al (2012) Photocatalytic NO x abatement: the role of the material supporting the TiO2 active layer. J Hazard Mater 211:203–207CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Mitsionis A, Vaimakis T, Trapalis C et al (2011) Hydroxyapatite/titanium dioxide nanocomposites for controlled photocatalytic NO oxidation. Appl Catal B 106(3):398–404CrossRef Mitsionis A, Vaimakis T, Trapalis C et al (2011) Hydroxyapatite/titanium dioxide nanocomposites for controlled photocatalytic NO oxidation. Appl Catal B 106(3):398–404CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Zhu W, Liu P, Xiao S et al (2015) Microwave-assisted synthesis of Ag-doped MOFs-like organotitanium polymer with high activity in visible-light driven photocatalytic NO oxidization. Appl Cata B 172:46–51CrossRef Zhu W, Liu P, Xiao S et al (2015) Microwave-assisted synthesis of Ag-doped MOFs-like organotitanium polymer with high activity in visible-light driven photocatalytic NO oxidization. Appl Cata B 172:46–51CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Yu YH, Pan YT, Wu YT et al (2011) Photocatalytic NO reduction with C3H8 using a monolith photoreactor. Catal Today 174(1):141–147 Yu YH, Pan YT, Wu YT et al (2011) Photocatalytic NO reduction with C3H8 using a monolith photoreactor. Catal Today 174(1):141–147
20.
go back to reference Price C, Rind D (1994) Possible implications of global climate change on global lightning distributions and frequencies. J Geophy Res 99(D5):10823–10831, 1984–2012CrossRef Price C, Rind D (1994) Possible implications of global climate change on global lightning distributions and frequencies. J Geophy Res 99(D5):10823–10831, 1984–2012CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Delmas R, Serça D, Jambert C (1997) Global inventory of NO x sources. Nutr cycl agroecosys 48(1–2):51–60CrossRef Delmas R, Serça D, Jambert C (1997) Global inventory of NO x sources. Nutr cycl agroecosys 48(1–2):51–60CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Benkovitz CM, Scholtz MT, Pacyna J et al (1996) Global gridded inventories of anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogen. J Geophy Res 101(D22):29239–29253, 1984–2012CrossRef Benkovitz CM, Scholtz MT, Pacyna J et al (1996) Global gridded inventories of anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogen. J Geophy Res 101(D22):29239–29253, 1984–2012CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Olivier J, Bouwman A, Van der Hoek K et al (1998) Global air emission inventories for anthropogenic sources of NO x , NH3 and N2O in 1990. Environ Pollut 102(1):135–148CrossRef Olivier J, Bouwman A, Van der Hoek K et al (1998) Global air emission inventories for anthropogenic sources of NO x , NH3 and N2O in 1990. Environ Pollut 102(1):135–148CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Lamsal L, Martin R, Padmanabhan A et al (2011) Application of satellite observations for timely updates to global anthropogenic NO x emission inventories. Geophy Res Lett 38(5) Lamsal L, Martin R, Padmanabhan A et al (2011) Application of satellite observations for timely updates to global anthropogenic NO x emission inventories. Geophy Res Lett 38(5)
25.
go back to reference Sadanaga Y, Matsumoto J, Kajii Y (2003) Photochemical reactions in the urban air: recent understandings of radical chemistry. J Photochem Photobio C 4(1):85–104CrossRef Sadanaga Y, Matsumoto J, Kajii Y (2003) Photochemical reactions in the urban air: recent understandings of radical chemistry. J Photochem Photobio C 4(1):85–104CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Chen B, Hong C, Kan H (2004) Exposures and health outcomes from outdoor air pollutants in China. Toxicology 198(1):291–300CrossRef Chen B, Hong C, Kan H (2004) Exposures and health outcomes from outdoor air pollutants in China. Toxicology 198(1):291–300CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Normann F, Andersson K, Leckner B et al (2009) Emission control of nitrogen oxides in the oxy-fuel process. Prog Energ Combust Sci 35(5):385–397CrossRef Normann F, Andersson K, Leckner B et al (2009) Emission control of nitrogen oxides in the oxy-fuel process. Prog Energ Combust Sci 35(5):385–397CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Fang HL, DaCosta HF (2003) Urea thermolysis and NO x reduction with and without SCR catalysts. Appl Cata B 46(1):17–34CrossRef Fang HL, DaCosta HF (2003) Urea thermolysis and NO x reduction with and without SCR catalysts. Appl Cata B 46(1):17–34CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Kang M, Park ED, Kim JM et al (2007) Manganese oxide catalysts for NO x reduction with NH3 at low temperatures. Appl Catal A 327(2):261–269CrossRef Kang M, Park ED, Kim JM et al (2007) Manganese oxide catalysts for NO x reduction with NH3 at low temperatures. Appl Catal A 327(2):261–269CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Wu Z, Jin R, Liu Y et al (2008) Ceria modified MNO x /TiO2 as a superior catalyst for NO reduction with NH3 at low-temperature. Catal Commun 9(13):2217–2220CrossRef Wu Z, Jin R, Liu Y et al (2008) Ceria modified MNO x /TiO2 as a superior catalyst for NO reduction with NH3 at low-temperature. Catal Commun 9(13):2217–2220CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Grossale A, Nova I, Tronconi E et al (2008) The chemistry of the NO/NO2–NH3 “fast” SCR reaction over Fe-ZSM5 investigated by transient reaction analysis. J Catal 256(2):312–322CrossRef Grossale A, Nova I, Tronconi E et al (2008) The chemistry of the NO/NO2–NH3 “fast” SCR reaction over Fe-ZSM5 investigated by transient reaction analysis. J Catal 256(2):312–322CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Roy S, Hegde MS, Madras G (2009) Catalysis for NO x abatement. Appl Energ 86(11):2283–2297CrossRef Roy S, Hegde MS, Madras G (2009) Catalysis for NO x abatement. Appl Energ 86(11):2283–2297CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Schneider H, Scharf U, Wokaun A et al (1994) Chromia on titania: IV. Nature of active sites for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3. J Catal 146(2):545–556CrossRef Schneider H, Scharf U, Wokaun A et al (1994) Chromia on titania: IV. Nature of active sites for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3. J Catal 146(2):545–556CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Kwak JH, Tran D, Szanyi J et al (2012) The effect of copper loading on the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia over Cu-SSZ-13. Catal Lett 142(3):295–301CrossRef Kwak JH, Tran D, Szanyi J et al (2012) The effect of copper loading on the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia over Cu-SSZ-13. Catal Lett 142(3):295–301CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Xue J, Wang X, Qi G et al (2013) Characterization of copper species over Cu/SAPO-34 in selective catalytic reduction of NO x with ammonia: relationships between active Cu sites and de-NO x performance at low temperature. J Catal 297:56–64CrossRef Xue J, Wang X, Qi G et al (2013) Characterization of copper species over Cu/SAPO-34 in selective catalytic reduction of NO x with ammonia: relationships between active Cu sites and de-NO x performance at low temperature. J Catal 297:56–64CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Hamill C, Burch R, Goguet A et al (2014) Evaluation and mechanistic investigation of a AuPd alloy catalyst for the hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) of NO x . Appl Cata B 147:864–870CrossRef Hamill C, Burch R, Goguet A et al (2014) Evaluation and mechanistic investigation of a AuPd alloy catalyst for the hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) of NO x . Appl Cata B 147:864–870CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Shen B, Ma H, Yao Y (2012) Mn-CeOx/Ti-PILCs for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 at low temperature. J Environ Sci 24(3):499–506CrossRef Shen B, Ma H, Yao Y (2012) Mn-CeOx/Ti-PILCs for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 at low temperature. J Environ Sci 24(3):499–506CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Lu Z, Jiang L, Dai Q et al (2012) Low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO in flue gas by V2O5/ACF. Environ Sci Technol 10:12 Lu Z, Jiang L, Dai Q et al (2012) Low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO in flue gas by V2O5/ACF. Environ Sci Technol 10:12
39.
go back to reference Li P, Liu Z, Li Q et al (2014) Multiple roles of SO2 in selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 over V2O5/AC catalyst. Ind Eng Chem Res 53(19):7910–7916CrossRef Li P, Liu Z, Li Q et al (2014) Multiple roles of SO2 in selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 over V2O5/AC catalyst. Ind Eng Chem Res 53(19):7910–7916CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Chen L, Li J, Ge M (2009) Promotional effect of Ce-doped V2O5-WO3/TiO2 with low vanadium loadings for selective catalytic reduction of NO x by NH3. J Phys Chem C 113(50):21177–21184CrossRef Chen L, Li J, Ge M (2009) Promotional effect of Ce-doped V2O5-WO3/TiO2 with low vanadium loadings for selective catalytic reduction of NO x by NH3. J Phys Chem C 113(50):21177–21184CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Kwak JH, Tonkyn RG, Kim DH et al (2010) Excellent activity and selectivity of Cu-SSZ-13 in the selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH3. J Catal 275(2):187–190CrossRef Kwak JH, Tonkyn RG, Kim DH et al (2010) Excellent activity and selectivity of Cu-SSZ-13 in the selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH3. J Catal 275(2):187–190CrossRef
42.
go back to reference Liu F, He H, Ding Y et al (2009) Effect of manganese substitution on the structure and activity of iron titanate catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. Appl Cata B 93(1–2):194–204CrossRef Liu F, He H, Ding Y et al (2009) Effect of manganese substitution on the structure and activity of iron titanate catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. Appl Cata B 93(1–2):194–204CrossRef
43.
go back to reference Devadas M, Kröcher O, Elsener M et al (2006) Influence of NO2 on the selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia over Fe-ZSM5. Appl Cata B 67(3–4):187–196CrossRef Devadas M, Kröcher O, Elsener M et al (2006) Influence of NO2 on the selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia over Fe-ZSM5. Appl Cata B 67(3–4):187–196CrossRef
44.
go back to reference Sjövall H, Olsson L, Fridell E et al (2006) Selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH3 over Cu-ZSM-5 – the effect of changing the gas composition. Appl Cata B 64(3–4):180–188CrossRef Sjövall H, Olsson L, Fridell E et al (2006) Selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH3 over Cu-ZSM-5 – the effect of changing the gas composition. Appl Cata B 64(3–4):180–188CrossRef
45.
go back to reference Tayyeb Javed M, Irfan N, Gibbs BM (2007) Control of combustion-generated nitrogen oxides by selective non-catalytic reduction. J Environ Manag 83(3):251–289CrossRef Tayyeb Javed M, Irfan N, Gibbs BM (2007) Control of combustion-generated nitrogen oxides by selective non-catalytic reduction. J Environ Manag 83(3):251–289CrossRef
46.
go back to reference Mahmoudi S, Baeyens J, Seville JPK (2010) NO x formation and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) in a fluidized bed combustor of biomass. Biomass Bioenerg 34(9):1393–1409CrossRef Mahmoudi S, Baeyens J, Seville JPK (2010) NO x formation and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) in a fluidized bed combustor of biomass. Biomass Bioenerg 34(9):1393–1409CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Lee GW, Shon BH, Yoo JG et al (2008) The influence of mixing between NH3 and NO for a De-NO x reaction in the SNCR process. J Ind Eng Chem 14(4):457–467 Lee GW, Shon BH, Yoo JG et al (2008) The influence of mixing between NH3 and NO for a De-NO x reaction in the SNCR process. J Ind Eng Chem 14(4):457–467
48.
go back to reference Cant NW, Cole JR (1992) Photocatalysis of the reaction between ammonia and nitric oxide on TiO2 surfaces. J Catal 134(1):317–330CrossRef Cant NW, Cole JR (1992) Photocatalysis of the reaction between ammonia and nitric oxide on TiO2 surfaces. J Catal 134(1):317–330CrossRef
49.
go back to reference Sano T, Negishi N, Mas D et al (2000) Photocatalytic decomposition of N2O on highly dispersed Ag+ ions on TiO2 prepared by photodeposition. J Catal 194(1):71–79CrossRef Sano T, Negishi N, Mas D et al (2000) Photocatalytic decomposition of N2O on highly dispersed Ag+ ions on TiO2 prepared by photodeposition. J Catal 194(1):71–79CrossRef
50.
go back to reference Hu Y, Martra G, Zhang J et al (2006) Characterization of the local structures of Ti-MCM-41 and their photocatalytic reactivity for the decomposition of NO into N2 and O2. J Phys Chem B 110(4):1680–1685CrossRef Hu Y, Martra G, Zhang J et al (2006) Characterization of the local structures of Ti-MCM-41 and their photocatalytic reactivity for the decomposition of NO into N2 and O2. J Phys Chem B 110(4):1680–1685CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Anpo M, Zhang SG, Mishima H et al (1997) Design of photocatalysts encapsulated within the zeolite framework and cavities for the decomposition of NO into N2 and O2 at normal temperature. Catal Today 39(3):159–168CrossRef Anpo M, Zhang SG, Mishima H et al (1997) Design of photocatalysts encapsulated within the zeolite framework and cavities for the decomposition of NO into N2 and O2 at normal temperature. Catal Today 39(3):159–168CrossRef
52.
go back to reference Wu Q, van de Krol R (2012) Selective photoreduction of nitric oxide to nitrogen by nanostructured TiO2 photocatalysts: role of oxygen vacancies and iron dopant. J Am Chem Soc 134(22):9369–9375CrossRef Wu Q, van de Krol R (2012) Selective photoreduction of nitric oxide to nitrogen by nanostructured TiO2 photocatalysts: role of oxygen vacancies and iron dopant. J Am Chem Soc 134(22):9369–9375CrossRef
53.
go back to reference Huang KC, Chien SH (2013) Improved visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of rutile/titania-nanotube composites prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal process. Appl Cata B 140–141:283–288 Huang KC, Chien SH (2013) Improved visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of rutile/titania-nanotube composites prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal process. Appl Cata B 140–141:283–288
54.
go back to reference Fujishima A, Honda K (1972) Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 238(5358):37–38CrossRef Fujishima A, Honda K (1972) Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 238(5358):37–38CrossRef
55.
go back to reference Dambournet D, Belharouak I, Amine K (2009) Tailored preparation methods of TiO2 anatase, rutile, brookite: mechanism of formation and electrochemical properties. Chem Mater 22(3):1173–1179CrossRef Dambournet D, Belharouak I, Amine K (2009) Tailored preparation methods of TiO2 anatase, rutile, brookite: mechanism of formation and electrochemical properties. Chem Mater 22(3):1173–1179CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Zhang J, Ayusawa T, Minagawa M et al (2001) Investigations of TiO2 photocatalysts for the decomposition of NO in the flow system: the role of pretreatment and reaction conditions in the photocatalytic efficiency. J Catal 198(1):1–8CrossRef Zhang J, Ayusawa T, Minagawa M et al (2001) Investigations of TiO2 photocatalysts for the decomposition of NO in the flow system: the role of pretreatment and reaction conditions in the photocatalytic efficiency. J Catal 198(1):1–8CrossRef
57.
go back to reference Ohko Y, Nakamura Y, Negishi N et al (2009) Photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen monoxide using TiO2 thin films under continuous UV light illumination. J Photochem Photobio A 205(1):28–33CrossRef Ohko Y, Nakamura Y, Negishi N et al (2009) Photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen monoxide using TiO2 thin films under continuous UV light illumination. J Photochem Photobio A 205(1):28–33CrossRef
58.
go back to reference Matsuda S, Hatano H, Tsutsumi A (2001) Ultrafine particle fluidization and its application to photocatalytic NO x treatment. Chem Eng J 82(1–3):183–188CrossRef Matsuda S, Hatano H, Tsutsumi A (2001) Ultrafine particle fluidization and its application to photocatalytic NO x treatment. Chem Eng J 82(1–3):183–188CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Yang HG, Sun CH, Qiao SZ et al (2008) Anatase TiO2 single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets. Nature 453(7195):638–641CrossRef Yang HG, Sun CH, Qiao SZ et al (2008) Anatase TiO2 single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets. Nature 453(7195):638–641CrossRef
60.
go back to reference Wu B, Guo C, Zheng N et al (2008) Nonaqueous production of nanostructured anatase with high-energy facets. J Am Chem Soc 130(51):17563–17567CrossRef Wu B, Guo C, Zheng N et al (2008) Nonaqueous production of nanostructured anatase with high-energy facets. J Am Chem Soc 130(51):17563–17567CrossRef
61.
go back to reference Yang HG, Liu G, Qiao SZ et al (2009) Solvothermal synthesis and photoreactivity of anatase TiO2 nanosheets with dominant {001} facets. J Am Chem Soc 131(11):4078–4083CrossRef Yang HG, Liu G, Qiao SZ et al (2009) Solvothermal synthesis and photoreactivity of anatase TiO2 nanosheets with dominant {001} facets. J Am Chem Soc 131(11):4078–4083CrossRef
62.
go back to reference Yu J, Xiang Q, Ran J et al (2010) One-step hydrothermal fabrication and photocatalytic activity of surface-fluorinated TiO2 hollow microspheres and tabular anatase single micro-crystals with high-energy facets. CrystEngComm 12(3):872–879CrossRef Yu J, Xiang Q, Ran J et al (2010) One-step hydrothermal fabrication and photocatalytic activity of surface-fluorinated TiO2 hollow microspheres and tabular anatase single micro-crystals with high-energy facets. CrystEngComm 12(3):872–879CrossRef
63.
go back to reference Liu S, Yu J, Jaroniec M (2010) Tunable photocatalytic selectivity of hollow TiO2 microspheres composed of anatase polyhedra with exposed {001} facets. J Am Chem Soc 132(34):11914–11916CrossRef Liu S, Yu J, Jaroniec M (2010) Tunable photocatalytic selectivity of hollow TiO2 microspheres composed of anatase polyhedra with exposed {001} facets. J Am Chem Soc 132(34):11914–11916CrossRef
64.
go back to reference Xi G, Ye J (2010) Synthesis of bismuth vanadate nanoplates with exposed {001} facets and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic properties. Chem Commun 46(11):1893–1895CrossRef Xi G, Ye J (2010) Synthesis of bismuth vanadate nanoplates with exposed {001} facets and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic properties. Chem Commun 46(11):1893–1895CrossRef
65.
go back to reference Hengerer R, Kavan L, Krtil P et al (2000) Orientation dependence of charge-transfer processes on TiO2 (anatase) single crystals. J Electrochem Soc 147(4):1467–1472CrossRef Hengerer R, Kavan L, Krtil P et al (2000) Orientation dependence of charge-transfer processes on TiO2 (anatase) single crystals. J Electrochem Soc 147(4):1467–1472CrossRef
66.
go back to reference Kamei M, Mitsuhashi T (2000) Hydrophobic drawings on hydrophilic surfaces of single crystalline titanium dioxide: surface wettability control by mechanochemical treatment. Surf Sci 463(1):L609–L612CrossRef Kamei M, Mitsuhashi T (2000) Hydrophobic drawings on hydrophilic surfaces of single crystalline titanium dioxide: surface wettability control by mechanochemical treatment. Surf Sci 463(1):L609–L612CrossRef
67.
go back to reference Vittadini A, Selloni A, Rotzinger F et al (1998) Structure and energetics of water adsorbed at TiO2 anatase (101) and (001) surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 81(14):2954CrossRef Vittadini A, Selloni A, Rotzinger F et al (1998) Structure and energetics of water adsorbed at TiO2 anatase (101) and (001) surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 81(14):2954CrossRef
68.
go back to reference Yang W, Li J, Wang Y et al (2011) A facile synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanosheets-based hierarchical spheres with over 90%{001} facets for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun 47(6):1809–1811CrossRef Yang W, Li J, Wang Y et al (2011) A facile synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanosheets-based hierarchical spheres with over 90%{001} facets for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun 47(6):1809–1811CrossRef
69.
go back to reference Liu G, Sun C, Yang HG et al (2010) Nanosized anatase TiO2 single crystals for enhanced photocatalytic activity. Chem Commun 46(5):755–757CrossRef Liu G, Sun C, Yang HG et al (2010) Nanosized anatase TiO2 single crystals for enhanced photocatalytic activity. Chem Commun 46(5):755–757CrossRef
70.
go back to reference Selloni A (2008) Crystal growth: anatase shows its reactive side. Nat Mater 7(8):613–615CrossRef Selloni A (2008) Crystal growth: anatase shows its reactive side. Nat Mater 7(8):613–615CrossRef
71.
go back to reference Zhao W, Tian FH, Wang X et al (2014) Removal of nitric oxide by the highly reactive anatase TiO2 (001) surface: a density functional theory study. J Colloid Interface Sci 430:18–23CrossRef Zhao W, Tian FH, Wang X et al (2014) Removal of nitric oxide by the highly reactive anatase TiO2 (001) surface: a density functional theory study. J Colloid Interface Sci 430:18–23CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Sofianou MV, Trapalis C, Psycharis V et al (2012) Study of TiO2 anatase nano and microstructures with dominant {001} facets for NO oxidation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(9):3719–3726 Sofianou MV, Trapalis C, Psycharis V et al (2012) Study of TiO2 anatase nano and microstructures with dominant {001} facets for NO oxidation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(9):3719–3726
73.
go back to reference Zhang D, Li G, Wang H et al (2010) Biocompatible anatase single-crystal photocatalysts with tunable percentage of reactive facets. Cryst Growth Des 10(3):1130–1137CrossRef Zhang D, Li G, Wang H et al (2010) Biocompatible anatase single-crystal photocatalysts with tunable percentage of reactive facets. Cryst Growth Des 10(3):1130–1137CrossRef
74.
go back to reference Zhang D, Li G, Yang X et al (2009) A micrometer-size TiO2 single-crystal photocatalyst with remarkable 80% level of reactive facets. Chem Commun 29:4381–4383CrossRef Zhang D, Li G, Yang X et al (2009) A micrometer-size TiO2 single-crystal photocatalyst with remarkable 80% level of reactive facets. Chem Commun 29:4381–4383CrossRef
75.
go back to reference Wen M, Liu P, Xiao S et al (2015) Uniform anatase single-crystal cubes with high thermal stability fully enclosed by active {010} and {001} facets. RSC Adv 5(15):11029–11035CrossRef Wen M, Liu P, Xiao S et al (2015) Uniform anatase single-crystal cubes with high thermal stability fully enclosed by active {010} and {001} facets. RSC Adv 5(15):11029–11035CrossRef
76.
go back to reference Zhang D, Li G, Wang F et al (2010) Green synthesis of a self-assembled rutile mesocrystalline photocatalyst. CrystEngComm 12(6):1759–1763CrossRef Zhang D, Li G, Wang F et al (2010) Green synthesis of a self-assembled rutile mesocrystalline photocatalyst. CrystEngComm 12(6):1759–1763CrossRef
77.
go back to reference Chen X, Mao SS (2007) Titanium dioxide nanomaterials: synthesis, properties, modifications, and applications. Chem Rev 107(7):2891–2959CrossRef Chen X, Mao SS (2007) Titanium dioxide nanomaterials: synthesis, properties, modifications, and applications. Chem Rev 107(7):2891–2959CrossRef
78.
go back to reference Chen X, Shen S, Guo L et al (2010) Semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Chem Rev 110(11):6503–6570CrossRef Chen X, Shen S, Guo L et al (2010) Semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Chem Rev 110(11):6503–6570CrossRef
79.
go back to reference Shankar K, Basham JI, Allam NK et al (2009) Recent advances in the use of TiO2 nanotube and nanowire arrays for oxidative photoelectrochemistry. J Phys Chem C 113(16):6327–6359CrossRef Shankar K, Basham JI, Allam NK et al (2009) Recent advances in the use of TiO2 nanotube and nanowire arrays for oxidative photoelectrochemistry. J Phys Chem C 113(16):6327–6359CrossRef
80.
go back to reference Chen D, Huang F, Cheng YB et al (2009) Mesoporous anatase TiO2 beads with high surface areas and controllable pore sizes: a superior candidate for high‐performance dye‐sensitized solar cells. Adv Mater 21(21):2206–2210CrossRef Chen D, Huang F, Cheng YB et al (2009) Mesoporous anatase TiO2 beads with high surface areas and controllable pore sizes: a superior candidate for high‐performance dye‐sensitized solar cells. Adv Mater 21(21):2206–2210CrossRef
81.
go back to reference Yu J, Xiang Q, Zhou M (2009) Preparation, characterization and visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped titania nanorods and first-principles study for electronic structures. Appl Cata B 90(3):595–602CrossRef Yu J, Xiang Q, Zhou M (2009) Preparation, characterization and visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped titania nanorods and first-principles study for electronic structures. Appl Cata B 90(3):595–602CrossRef
82.
go back to reference Yang Y, Wang H, Li X et al (2009) Electrospun mesoporous W6+-doped TiO2 thin films for efficient visible-light photocatalysis. Mater Lett 63(2):331–333CrossRef Yang Y, Wang H, Li X et al (2009) Electrospun mesoporous W6+-doped TiO2 thin films for efficient visible-light photocatalysis. Mater Lett 63(2):331–333CrossRef
83.
go back to reference Tian B, Li C, Gu F et al (2009) Flame sprayed V-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Chem Eng J 151(1):220–227CrossRef Tian B, Li C, Gu F et al (2009) Flame sprayed V-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Chem Eng J 151(1):220–227CrossRef
84.
go back to reference Tian BZ, Li CZ, Gu F et al (2009) Visible-light photocatalytic activity of Cr-doped TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis. J Inorg Mater 24:661–665 Tian BZ, Li CZ, Gu F et al (2009) Visible-light photocatalytic activity of Cr-doped TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis. J Inorg Mater 24:661–665
85.
go back to reference Lorret O, Francová D, Waldner G et al (2009) W-doped titania nanoparticles for UV and visible-light photocatalytic reactions. Appl Cata B 91(1):39–46CrossRef Lorret O, Francová D, Waldner G et al (2009) W-doped titania nanoparticles for UV and visible-light photocatalytic reactions. Appl Cata B 91(1):39–46CrossRef
86.
go back to reference Li J, Xu J, Dai WL et al (2009) Direct hydro-alcohol thermal synthesis of special core–shell structured Fe-doped titania microspheres with extended visible light response and enhanced photoactivity. Appl Catal B 85(3):162–170 Li J, Xu J, Dai WL et al (2009) Direct hydro-alcohol thermal synthesis of special core–shell structured Fe-doped titania microspheres with extended visible light response and enhanced photoactivity. Appl Catal B 85(3):162–170
87.
go back to reference Lee H, Shin M, Lee M et al (2015) Photo-oxidation activities on Pd-doped TiO2 nanoparticles: critical PdO formation effect. Appl Catal B 165:20–26CrossRef Lee H, Shin M, Lee M et al (2015) Photo-oxidation activities on Pd-doped TiO2 nanoparticles: critical PdO formation effect. Appl Catal B 165:20–26CrossRef
88.
go back to reference Wang W, Ye Y, Feng J et al (2015) Enhanced photoreversible color switching of redox dyes catalyzed by barium-doped TiO2 nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed 54(4):1321–1326CrossRef Wang W, Ye Y, Feng J et al (2015) Enhanced photoreversible color switching of redox dyes catalyzed by barium-doped TiO2 nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed 54(4):1321–1326CrossRef
89.
go back to reference Ishibai Y, Sato J, Akita S et al (2007) Photocatalytic oxidation of NO x by Pt-modified TiO2 under visible light irradiation. J Photochem Photobio A 188(1):106–111CrossRef Ishibai Y, Sato J, Akita S et al (2007) Photocatalytic oxidation of NO x by Pt-modified TiO2 under visible light irradiation. J Photochem Photobio A 188(1):106–111CrossRef
90.
go back to reference Huang C-H, Wang IK, Lin Y-M et al (2010) Visible light photocatalytic degradation of nitric oxides on PtOx-modified TiO2 via sol–gel and impregnation method. J Mol Catal A Chem 316(1–2):163–170CrossRef Huang C-H, Wang IK, Lin Y-M et al (2010) Visible light photocatalytic degradation of nitric oxides on PtOx-modified TiO2 via sol–gel and impregnation method. J Mol Catal A Chem 316(1–2):163–170CrossRef
91.
go back to reference Hashimoto K, Sumida K, Kitano S et al (2009) Photo-oxidation of nitrogen oxide over titanium(IV) oxide modified with platinum or rhodium chlorides under irradiation of visible light or UV light. Catal Today 144(1–2):37–41CrossRef Hashimoto K, Sumida K, Kitano S et al (2009) Photo-oxidation of nitrogen oxide over titanium(IV) oxide modified with platinum or rhodium chlorides under irradiation of visible light or UV light. Catal Today 144(1–2):37–41CrossRef
92.
go back to reference Wu Z, Sheng Z, Wang H et al (2009) Relationship between Pd oxidation states on TiO2 and the photocatalytic oxidation behaviors of nitric oxide. Chemosphere 77(2):264–268CrossRef Wu Z, Sheng Z, Wang H et al (2009) Relationship between Pd oxidation states on TiO2 and the photocatalytic oxidation behaviors of nitric oxide. Chemosphere 77(2):264–268CrossRef
93.
go back to reference Sheng Z, Wu Z, Liu Y et al (2008) Gas-phase photocatalytic oxidation of NO over palladium modified TiO2 catalysts. Catal Commun 9(9):1941–1944CrossRef Sheng Z, Wu Z, Liu Y et al (2008) Gas-phase photocatalytic oxidation of NO over palladium modified TiO2 catalysts. Catal Commun 9(9):1941–1944CrossRef
94.
go back to reference Fang C, Jia H, Chang S et al (2014) (Gold core)/(titania shell) nanostructures for plasmon-enhanced photon harvesting and generation of reactive oxygen species. Energ Environ Sci 7(10):3431–3438CrossRef Fang C, Jia H, Chang S et al (2014) (Gold core)/(titania shell) nanostructures for plasmon-enhanced photon harvesting and generation of reactive oxygen species. Energ Environ Sci 7(10):3431–3438CrossRef
95.
go back to reference Wu L, Li F, Xu Y et al (2015) Plasmon-induced photoelectrocatalytic activity of Au nanoparticles enhanced TiO2 nanotube arrays electrodes for environmental remediation. Appl Catal B 164:217–224CrossRef Wu L, Li F, Xu Y et al (2015) Plasmon-induced photoelectrocatalytic activity of Au nanoparticles enhanced TiO2 nanotube arrays electrodes for environmental remediation. Appl Catal B 164:217–224CrossRef
96.
go back to reference Seh ZW, Liu S, Low M et al (2012) Janus Au-TiO2 photocatalysts with strong localization of plasmonic near-fields for efficient visible-light hydrogen generation. Adv Mater 24(17):2310–2314CrossRef Seh ZW, Liu S, Low M et al (2012) Janus Au-TiO2 photocatalysts with strong localization of plasmonic near-fields for efficient visible-light hydrogen generation. Adv Mater 24(17):2310–2314CrossRef
97.
go back to reference Zhang D, Wen M, Zhang S et al (2014) Au nanoparticles enhanced rutile TiO2 nanorod bundles with high visible-light photocatalytic performance for NO oxidation. Appl Catal B 147:610–616CrossRef Zhang D, Wen M, Zhang S et al (2014) Au nanoparticles enhanced rutile TiO2 nanorod bundles with high visible-light photocatalytic performance for NO oxidation. Appl Catal B 147:610–616CrossRef
98.
go back to reference Ileperuma OA, Tennakone K, Dissanayake WDDP (1990) Photocatalytic behaviour of metal doped titanium dioxide: studies on the photochemical synthesis of ammonia on Mg/TiO2 catalyst systems. Appl Catal 62(1):L1–L5CrossRef Ileperuma OA, Tennakone K, Dissanayake WDDP (1990) Photocatalytic behaviour of metal doped titanium dioxide: studies on the photochemical synthesis of ammonia on Mg/TiO2 catalyst systems. Appl Catal 62(1):L1–L5CrossRef
99.
go back to reference Liu B, Chen HM, Liu C et al (2013) Large-scale synthesis of transition-metal-doped TiO2 nanowires with controllable overpotential. J Am Chem Soc 135(27):9995–9998CrossRef Liu B, Chen HM, Liu C et al (2013) Large-scale synthesis of transition-metal-doped TiO2 nanowires with controllable overpotential. J Am Chem Soc 135(27):9995–9998CrossRef
100.
go back to reference Sofianou M-V, Tassi M, Boukos N et al (2014) Solvothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of Mg2+-doped anatase nanocrystals with exposed {001} facets. Catal Today 230:125–130CrossRef Sofianou M-V, Tassi M, Boukos N et al (2014) Solvothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of Mg2+-doped anatase nanocrystals with exposed {001} facets. Catal Today 230:125–130CrossRef
101.
go back to reference Sofianou MV, Tassi M, Psycharis V et al (2015) Solvothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of Mn4+-doped anatase nanoplates with exposed {001} facets. Appl Catal B 162:27–33 Sofianou MV, Tassi M, Psycharis V et al (2015) Solvothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of Mn4+-doped anatase nanoplates with exposed {001} facets. Appl Catal B 162:27–33
102.
go back to reference Xu J, Ao Y, Chen M (2009) Preparation of B-doped titania hollow sphere and its photocatalytic activity under visible light. Mater Lett 63(28):2442–2444CrossRef Xu J, Ao Y, Chen M (2009) Preparation of B-doped titania hollow sphere and its photocatalytic activity under visible light. Mater Lett 63(28):2442–2444CrossRef
103.
go back to reference Park Y, Kim W, Park H et al (2009) Carbon-doped TiO2 photocatalyst synthesized without using an external carbon precursor and the visible light activity. Appl Catal B 91(1):355–361CrossRef Park Y, Kim W, Park H et al (2009) Carbon-doped TiO2 photocatalyst synthesized without using an external carbon precursor and the visible light activity. Appl Catal B 91(1):355–361CrossRef
104.
go back to reference Tafen DN, Wang J, Wu N et al (2009) Visible light photocatalytic activity in nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanobelts. Appl Phys Lett 94(9):093101-093101-093103 Tafen DN, Wang J, Wu N et al (2009) Visible light photocatalytic activity in nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanobelts. Appl Phys Lett 94(9):093101-093101-093103
105.
go back to reference Lv Y, Yu L, Huang H et al (2009) Preparation of F-doped titania nanoparticles with a highly thermally stable anatase phase by alcoholysis of TiCl4. Appl Surf Sci 255(23):9548–9552CrossRef Lv Y, Yu L, Huang H et al (2009) Preparation of F-doped titania nanoparticles with a highly thermally stable anatase phase by alcoholysis of TiCl4. Appl Surf Sci 255(23):9548–9552CrossRef
106.
go back to reference Xiang Q, Yu J, Wang W et al (2011) Nitrogen self-doped nanosized TiO2 sheets with exposed {001} facets for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. Chem Commun 47(24):6906–6908CrossRef Xiang Q, Yu J, Wang W et al (2011) Nitrogen self-doped nanosized TiO2 sheets with exposed {001} facets for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. Chem Commun 47(24):6906–6908CrossRef
107.
go back to reference Zhang Q, Lima DQ, Lee I et al (2011) A highly active titanium dioxide based visible-light photocatalyst with nonmetal doping and plasmonic metal decoration. Angew Chem Int Ed 50(31):7088–7092CrossRef Zhang Q, Lima DQ, Lee I et al (2011) A highly active titanium dioxide based visible-light photocatalyst with nonmetal doping and plasmonic metal decoration. Angew Chem Int Ed 50(31):7088–7092CrossRef
108.
go back to reference Han C, Pelaez M, Likodimos V et al (2011) Innovative visible light-activated sulfur doped TiO2 films for water treatment. Appl Catal B 107(1–2):77–87CrossRef Han C, Pelaez M, Likodimos V et al (2011) Innovative visible light-activated sulfur doped TiO2 films for water treatment. Appl Catal B 107(1–2):77–87CrossRef
109.
go back to reference Xiong Z, Zhao XS (2012) Nitrogen-doped titanate-anatase core–shell nanobelts with exposed {101} anatase facets and enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. J Am Chem Soc 134(13):5754–5757CrossRef Xiong Z, Zhao XS (2012) Nitrogen-doped titanate-anatase core–shell nanobelts with exposed {101} anatase facets and enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. J Am Chem Soc 134(13):5754–5757CrossRef
110.
go back to reference Wang DH, Jia L, Wu XL et al (2012) One-step hydrothermal synthesis of N-doped TiO2/C nanocomposites with high visible light photocatalytic activity. Nanoscale 4(2):576–584 Wang DH, Jia L, Wu XL et al (2012) One-step hydrothermal synthesis of N-doped TiO2/C nanocomposites with high visible light photocatalytic activity. Nanoscale 4(2):576–584
111.
go back to reference Feng N, Zheng A, Wang Q et al (2011) Boron environments in B-doped and (B, N)-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts: a combined solid-state NMR and theoretical calculation study. J Phys Chem C 115(6):2709–2719CrossRef Feng N, Zheng A, Wang Q et al (2011) Boron environments in B-doped and (B, N)-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts: a combined solid-state NMR and theoretical calculation study. J Phys Chem C 115(6):2709–2719CrossRef
112.
go back to reference Varley JB, Janotti A, Van de Walle CG (2011) Mechanism of visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped TiO2. Adv Mater 23(20):2343–2347CrossRef Varley JB, Janotti A, Van de Walle CG (2011) Mechanism of visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped TiO2. Adv Mater 23(20):2343–2347CrossRef
113.
go back to reference Devi LG, Kavitha R (2013) A review on non metal ion doped titania for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under UV/solar light: role of photogenerated charge carrier dynamics in enhancing the activity. Appl Catal B 140–141:559–587CrossRef Devi LG, Kavitha R (2013) A review on non metal ion doped titania for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under UV/solar light: role of photogenerated charge carrier dynamics in enhancing the activity. Appl Catal B 140–141:559–587CrossRef
114.
go back to reference Yang C, Wang Z, Lin T et al (2013) Core-shell nanostructured “black” rutile titania as excellent catalyst for hydrogen production enhanced by sulfur doping. J Am Chem Soc 135(47):17831–17838CrossRef Yang C, Wang Z, Lin T et al (2013) Core-shell nanostructured “black” rutile titania as excellent catalyst for hydrogen production enhanced by sulfur doping. J Am Chem Soc 135(47):17831–17838CrossRef
115.
go back to reference Zhang YC, Yang M, Zhang G et al (2013) HNO3-involved one-step low temperature solvothermal synthesis of N-doped TiO2 nanocrystals for efficient photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in water. Appl Catal B 142–143:249–258CrossRef Zhang YC, Yang M, Zhang G et al (2013) HNO3-involved one-step low temperature solvothermal synthesis of N-doped TiO2 nanocrystals for efficient photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in water. Appl Catal B 142–143:249–258CrossRef
116.
go back to reference Yin S, Aita Y, Komatsu M et al (2005) Synthesis of excellent visible-light responsive TiO2 – N photocatalyst by a homogeneous precipitation-solvothermal process. J Mater Chem 15(6):674–682CrossRef Yin S, Aita Y, Komatsu M et al (2005) Synthesis of excellent visible-light responsive TiO2 – N photocatalyst by a homogeneous precipitation-solvothermal process. J Mater Chem 15(6):674–682CrossRef
117.
go back to reference Yin S, Liu B, Zhang P et al (2008) Photocatalytic oxidation of NO x under visible LED light irradiation over nitrogen-doped titania particles with iron or platinum loading. J Phys Chem C 112(32):12425–12431CrossRef Yin S, Liu B, Zhang P et al (2008) Photocatalytic oxidation of NO x under visible LED light irradiation over nitrogen-doped titania particles with iron or platinum loading. J Phys Chem C 112(32):12425–12431CrossRef
118.
go back to reference Huang Y, Ho W, Lee S et al (2008) Effect of carbon doping on the mesoporous structure of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and its solar-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of NO x . Langmuir 24(7):3510–3516CrossRef Huang Y, Ho W, Lee S et al (2008) Effect of carbon doping on the mesoporous structure of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and its solar-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of NO x . Langmuir 24(7):3510–3516CrossRef
119.
go back to reference Yao-Hsuan T, Chien-Sheng K, Chia-Hung H et al (2006) Visible-light-responsive nano-TiO2 with mixed crystal lattice and its photocatalytic activity. Nanotechnology 17(10):2490CrossRef Yao-Hsuan T, Chien-Sheng K, Chia-Hung H et al (2006) Visible-light-responsive nano-TiO2 with mixed crystal lattice and its photocatalytic activity. Nanotechnology 17(10):2490CrossRef
120.
go back to reference Ding X, Song X, Li P et al (2011) Efficient visible light driven photocatalytic removal of NO with aerosol flow synthesized B, N-codoped TiO2 hollow spheres. J Hazard Mater 190(1–3):604–612CrossRef Ding X, Song X, Li P et al (2011) Efficient visible light driven photocatalytic removal of NO with aerosol flow synthesized B, N-codoped TiO2 hollow spheres. J Hazard Mater 190(1–3):604–612CrossRef
121.
go back to reference Yu J, Yu X (2008) Hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide hollow spheres. Environ Sci Technol 42(13):4902–4907CrossRef Yu J, Yu X (2008) Hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide hollow spheres. Environ Sci Technol 42(13):4902–4907CrossRef
122.
go back to reference Pan JH, Zhang X, Du AJ et al (2008) Self-etching reconstruction of hierarchically mesoporous F-TiO2 hollow microspherical photocatalyst for concurrent membrane water purifications. J Am Chem Soc 130(34):11256–11257CrossRef Pan JH, Zhang X, Du AJ et al (2008) Self-etching reconstruction of hierarchically mesoporous F-TiO2 hollow microspherical photocatalyst for concurrent membrane water purifications. J Am Chem Soc 130(34):11256–11257CrossRef
123.
go back to reference Zhang KL, Liu CM, Huang FQ et al (2006) Study of the electronic structure and photocatalytic activity of the BiOCl photocatalyst. Appl Catal B 68(3–4):125–129 Zhang KL, Liu CM, Huang FQ et al (2006) Study of the electronic structure and photocatalytic activity of the BiOCl photocatalyst. Appl Catal B 68(3–4):125–129
124.
go back to reference Lin X, Huang T, Huang F et al (2006) Photocatalytic activity of a bi-based oxychloride Bi3O4Cl. J Phys Chem B 110(48):24629–24634CrossRef Lin X, Huang T, Huang F et al (2006) Photocatalytic activity of a bi-based oxychloride Bi3O4Cl. J Phys Chem B 110(48):24629–24634CrossRef
125.
go back to reference Cheng H, Huang B, Yang K et al (2010) Facile template-free synthesis of Bi2O2CO3 hierarchical microflowers and their associated photocatalytic activity. ChemPhysChem 11(10):2167–2173CrossRef Cheng H, Huang B, Yang K et al (2010) Facile template-free synthesis of Bi2O2CO3 hierarchical microflowers and their associated photocatalytic activity. ChemPhysChem 11(10):2167–2173CrossRef
126.
go back to reference Zhang W, Zhang Q, Dong F (2013) Visible-light photocatalytic removal of NO in air over BiOX (X = Cl, Br, I) single-crystal nanoplates prepared at room temperature. Ind Eng Chem Res 52(20):6740–6746CrossRef Zhang W, Zhang Q, Dong F (2013) Visible-light photocatalytic removal of NO in air over BiOX (X = Cl, Br, I) single-crystal nanoplates prepared at room temperature. Ind Eng Chem Res 52(20):6740–6746CrossRef
127.
go back to reference Ai Z, Ho W, Lee S et al (2009) Efficient photocatalytic removal of NO in indoor air with hierarchical bismuth oxybromide nanoplate microspheres under visible light. Environ Sci Technol 43(11):4143–4150CrossRef Ai Z, Ho W, Lee S et al (2009) Efficient photocatalytic removal of NO in indoor air with hierarchical bismuth oxybromide nanoplate microspheres under visible light. Environ Sci Technol 43(11):4143–4150CrossRef
128.
go back to reference Ai Z, Ho W, Lee S (2011) Efficient visible light photocatalytic removal of NO with BiOBr-Graphene nanocomposites. J Phys Chem C 115(51):25330–25337CrossRef Ai Z, Ho W, Lee S (2011) Efficient visible light photocatalytic removal of NO with BiOBr-Graphene nanocomposites. J Phys Chem C 115(51):25330–25337CrossRef
129.
go back to reference Dong F, Sun Y, Fu M et al (2012) Room temperature synthesis and highly enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of porous BiOI/BiOCl composites nanoplates microflowers. J Hazard Mater 219–220:26–34CrossRef Dong F, Sun Y, Fu M et al (2012) Room temperature synthesis and highly enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of porous BiOI/BiOCl composites nanoplates microflowers. J Hazard Mater 219–220:26–34CrossRef
130.
go back to reference Li G, Jiang B, Xiao S et al (2014) An efficient dye-sensitized BiOCl photocatalyst for air and water purification under visible light irradiation. Environ Sci Processes Impacts 16(8):1975–1980CrossRef Li G, Jiang B, Xiao S et al (2014) An efficient dye-sensitized BiOCl photocatalyst for air and water purification under visible light irradiation. Environ Sci Processes Impacts 16(8):1975–1980CrossRef
131.
go back to reference Fu H, Pan C, Yao W et al (2005) Visible-light-induced degradation of rhodamine B by nanosized Bi2WO6. J Phys Chem B 109(47):22432–22439CrossRef Fu H, Pan C, Yao W et al (2005) Visible-light-induced degradation of rhodamine B by nanosized Bi2WO6. J Phys Chem B 109(47):22432–22439CrossRef
132.
go back to reference Zhang C, Zhu Y (2005) Synthesis of square Bi2WO6 nanoplates as high-activity visible-light-driven photocatalysts. Chem Mater 17(13):3537–3545CrossRef Zhang C, Zhu Y (2005) Synthesis of square Bi2WO6 nanoplates as high-activity visible-light-driven photocatalysts. Chem Mater 17(13):3537–3545CrossRef
133.
go back to reference Zhang L, Wang W, Zhou L et al (2007) Bi2WO6 nano‐and microstructures: shape control and associated visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activities. Small 3(9):1618–1625CrossRef Zhang L, Wang W, Zhou L et al (2007) Bi2WO6 nano‐and microstructures: shape control and associated visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activities. Small 3(9):1618–1625CrossRef
134.
go back to reference Li Y, Liu J, Huang X et al (2007) Hydrothermal synthesis of Bi2WO6 uniform hierarchical microspheres. Crys Growth Des 7(7):1350–1355CrossRef Li Y, Liu J, Huang X et al (2007) Hydrothermal synthesis of Bi2WO6 uniform hierarchical microspheres. Crys Growth Des 7(7):1350–1355CrossRef
135.
go back to reference Wu J, Duan F, Zheng Y et al (2007) Synthesis of Bi2WO6 nanoplate-built hierarchical nest-like structures with visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity. J Phys Chem C 111(34):12866–12871CrossRef Wu J, Duan F, Zheng Y et al (2007) Synthesis of Bi2WO6 nanoplate-built hierarchical nest-like structures with visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity. J Phys Chem C 111(34):12866–12871CrossRef
136.
go back to reference Huang Y, Ai Z, Ho W et al (2010) Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis synthesis of porous Bi2WO6 microspheres and their visible-light-induced photocatalytic removal of NO. J Phys Chem C 114(14):6342–6349CrossRef Huang Y, Ai Z, Ho W et al (2010) Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis synthesis of porous Bi2WO6 microspheres and their visible-light-induced photocatalytic removal of NO. J Phys Chem C 114(14):6342–6349CrossRef
137.
go back to reference Li G, Zhang D, Yu JC et al (2010) An efficient bismuth tungstate visible-light-driven photocatalyst for breaking down nitric oxide. Environ Sci Technol 44(11):4276–4281CrossRef Li G, Zhang D, Yu JC et al (2010) An efficient bismuth tungstate visible-light-driven photocatalyst for breaking down nitric oxide. Environ Sci Technol 44(11):4276–4281CrossRef
138.
go back to reference Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q et al (2014) Role of graphene on the band structure and interfacial interaction of Bi2WO6/graphene composites with enhanced photocatalytic oxidation of NO. J Mater Chem A 2(39):16623–16631CrossRef Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q et al (2014) Role of graphene on the band structure and interfacial interaction of Bi2WO6/graphene composites with enhanced photocatalytic oxidation of NO. J Mater Chem A 2(39):16623–16631CrossRef
139.
go back to reference Li G, Zhang D, Yu JC (2008) Ordered mesoporous BiVO4 through nanocasting: a superior visible light-driven photocatalyst. Chem Mater 20(12):3983–3992CrossRef Li G, Zhang D, Yu JC (2008) Ordered mesoporous BiVO4 through nanocasting: a superior visible light-driven photocatalyst. Chem Mater 20(12):3983–3992CrossRef
140.
go back to reference Ai Z, Lee S (2013) Morphology-dependent photocatalytic removal of NO by hierarchical BiVO4 microboats and microspheres under visible light. Appl Surf Sci 280:354–359CrossRef Ai Z, Lee S (2013) Morphology-dependent photocatalytic removal of NO by hierarchical BiVO4 microboats and microspheres under visible light. Appl Surf Sci 280:354–359CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Development of Advanced Nanoarchitectures for Photocatalytic Treatment of NO x
Authors
Shuning Xiao
Dieqing Zhang
Guisheng Li
Hexing Li
Copyright Year
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26079-2_5

Premium Partners