Development of Mobility Service Evaluation Metrics Based on Multimodal Mobility Data

With continuous urban growth and increased population mobility, urban transportation systems and mobility services have emerged as critical topics. Currently, public transportation facilities are being developed with a focus on cost-effectiveness and efficiency rather than reducing service disparities in urban areas. This approach has deepened the spatial disparities in service levels. Previous studies on mobility have presented various methods to quantitatively evaluate individual movements within the transportation environment. However, research on mobility concerning public transportation, especially those involving multiple modes, remains limited. In this study, we aim to develop evaluation metrics for public transportation networks considering multiple modes of transport to assess the mobility and accessibility of users. This study encompasses traditional public transportation such as buses and subways, extending to Personal Mobility (PM), Demand-Responsive Transport (DRT), and pedestrian mobility. The primary objective of this study is to differentiate between areas with excellent and vulnerable mobility services using the developed evaluation metrics. Additionally, we aim to analyze the influencing factors on vulnerable and excellent mobility areas to provide insights for establishing a sustainable transportation system in the future.