Diagnosis of Biodiversity of Rhizobium Leguminosarum Nodulating Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) in Differents Soils of Tunisia

Pulses such as peas (Pisum sativum L.) are essential components of the human diet. They are an important source of protein, energy, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients. They are recognized by their symbiosis with soil bacteria of the genus Rhizobium, fixing atmospheric nitrogen. However, the areas reserved for legumes in Tunisia are in constant decline, leading to a decrease in production particularly for peas production. The extension of this culture is limited by its extreme sensitivity to biotic and abiotic stresses. To resolve these problems, farmers resorted to the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, which is harmful to the environment. Therefore, sustainable alternative practices for pea production should be developed. Among the abiotic constraints, the absence of efficient and specific rhizobial strains for the cultivation of pea was noted.