Distribution of Pb, Zn, Fe, As, Sn, Sb, Bi and Ni Between Oxide Liquid and Metal in the “CuO_0.5”–CaO–SiO₂ System in Equilibrium with Cu Metal at 1450 °C

This chapter delves into the distribution of elements such as Pb, Zn, Fe, As, Sn, Sb, Bi, and Ni between oxide liquid and metal in the 'CuO0.5'–CaO–SiO2 system at 1450°C. The study highlights the importance of understanding these distributions for optimizing the recycling of WEEE (Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment) via Cu smelting. The research employs experimental methods to investigate the phase equilibria and compares the results with thermodynamic models, finding a good agreement. The study also explores the correlation between the solubility of copper oxide in the oxide liquid and the oxygen partial pressure over the system. The findings provide a complete description of the distribution of the selected elements and contribute to the optimization of thermodynamic models for complex multicomponent systems. This work is crucial for metallurgical engineers and researchers working on improving the efficiency and environmental sustainability of recycling processes.