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Biodiversity and Conservation

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23-09-2024 | Original Research

Drivers of zooplankton functional and taxonomic β-diversity in two neotropical floodplains: implications for conservation

Authors: Diogo Castanho Amaral, Francieli de Fátima Bomfim, Fábio Amodêo Lansac-Tôha

Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation | Issue 13/2024

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Abstract

Floodplains are among the most biodiverse systems on the planet and offer several ecosystem services; however, they are threatened by anthropic actions such as dam construction. We investigated zooplankton taxonomic and functional β-diversity, environmental heterogeneity, and the drivers of β-diversity in response to the hydrological period in the Amazon (without dams) and Paraná (with several dams) floodplains. We also discuss the implications of biodiversity-environment relationships for ecological conservation. We sampled 36 lakes during the drought and rainy periods (72 samples). The 180 zooplankton taxa found were classified into six functional traits. We calculated taxonomic and functional β-diversity (total, replacement, and richness) and the importance of different drivers (physical-chemical variables, food availability, predation, and spatial component). We also determined the environmental heterogeneity in each floodplain and hydrological period. The functional and taxonomic β diversity of the zooplankton community exhibited different patterns in response to the hydrological period. The Amazon floodplain presented greater environmental heterogeneity but not greater beta diversity. The Paraná floodplain presented the lowest functional β diversity during the drought period, where predation and the spatial component were the variables that most explained this variation. A greater contribution of replacement, regardless of the hydrological period, should lead to efforts to preserve as many lakes as possible in both floodplains, as they present unique compositions of species and traits. We emphasize the need to plan conservation strategies in these floodplains, especially considering that dams can lead to homogeneous environmental and biological conditions.

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Title: Drivers of zooplankton functional and taxonomic β-diversity in two neotropical floodplains: implications for conservation
Authors: Diogo Castanho Amaral
Francieli de Fátima Bomfim
Fábio Amodêo Lansac-Tôha
Publication date: 23-09-2024
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation / Issue 13/2024
Print ISSN: 0960-3115
Electronic ISSN: 1572-9710
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-024-02935-5

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