Ecological Assessment and Community Perceptions of the Mahananda-Kolabari-Tukriajhar Elephant Corridor in Northern West Bengal, India: Challenges and Conservation Strategies

Elephant corridors are vital land strips that facilitate elephant movements, maintain ecological connectivity, and promote genetic exchange across fragmented habitats. However, these corridors are increasingly threatened by habitat degradation, anthropogenic pressures, and human-elephant conflicts, particularly in India. This study investigates the Mahananda-Kolabari-Tukriajhar corridor in West Bengal, aiming to assess its ecological status by analysing habitat transformation trends, anthropogenic pressures, and conflict dynamics, while evaluating community perceptions regarding corridor health and conservation. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates remote-sensing data to map temporal land-use changes, field-surveys to document elephant movement patterns and conflict incidents, and structured interviews with local communities to gauge their perceptions and experiences. Results indicated significant habitat fragmentation driven by agricultural expansion and urbanization, disrupting elephant movement and exacerbating human-elephant conflicts in the region. Community perceptions revealed recognition of the ecological significance of the corridor, alongside concerns about the socio-economic challenges posed by elephant-related issues such as crop damage and safety risks. The findings highlighted the urgent need for targeted conservation strategies, including habitat restoration, conflict-mitigation measures, and community engagement initiatives. The long-term viability of the Mahananda-Kolabari-Tukriajhar corridor depends on integrated management approaches that balance ecological preservation with socio-economic needs. By fostering collaboration among stakeholders, promoting adaptive management, and raising awareness, it is possible to secure this critical corridor, ensuring peaceful coexistence of elephants and humans. Therefore, this research provides a foundation for evidence-based conservation planning and highlights the importance of safeguarding elephant corridors as a cornerstone of biodiversity conservation and sustainable development both regionally and globally.