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2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Economic Crisis, Turbulence and the Resilience of Innovation: Insights from the Atlantic Maritime Cluster

Authors : Hugo Pinto, Elvira Uyarra, Mercedes Bleda, Carla Nogueira, Helena Almeida

Published in: Resilience and Regional Dynamics

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Innovation is related to economic cycles. Often seen as a procyclical phenomenon, many innovation actors try and succeed in maintaining (and even increasing) their innovation efforts to gain competitive advantage during the crises. In this chapter, departing from the recent developments in regional studies, which understand resilience as an evolutionary capacity of socio-economic systems, we suggest the notion of ‘resilience of innovation’ as the capacity of an innovation process to maintain its function at different levels of operation. Drawing upon the results from a survey on knowledge provision and needs of maritime cluster innovative actors in the European Atlantic Area, our analysis focuses on the evolution of innovation and knowledge services. We provide parametric and non-parametric evidence of the differences in the provision and utilisation of these services and provide econometric evidence of the main factors that influence the resilience of innovation at the organizational level.

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previous chapter Evolutionary Resilience Shifting Territorial Development Paradigms

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The survey was part of the European project KIMERAA (available at www.kimeraa.eu) aimed at developing economic niches of excellence through the creation of strong linkages between firms and science organizations within the marine sciences and maritime activities.

The descriptive statistics report “Knowledge needs and innovation in the maritime economy” with interim data collection is available in the project website.

We used for this section the IBM SPSS Statistics 21.

These two variables do not follow a normal distribution. The graphical intuition provided but the Q-Q plots and histograms is confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (1.869 and 3.759 compared to n > 40 and Sig 1% = 0.25205) (see histograms in Appendix).

Looking for the homogeneity of variances, Levene test does not reject its null hypotheses of groups having homogeneous variances for the variable “utilisation”. In this case ANOVA is valid (results in Appendix). But for “provision”, the test rejects this H0 meaning that we need to use a non-parametric technique. We used Kruskal-Wallis that reinforced the findings (table test is also presented in Appendix).

“SIZE_BIG” is a binary variable that assumes the value 1 if the organization has 250 or more workers. “UNIV_PROS” assumes 1 if organization is a university or other PRO. “MARKET_VARIATION” is a dummy that assumes value 1 if organizations believe that their market experienced an increased or at least an equal demand of innovation and knowledge-based services during the last 3 years.

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Title: Economic Crisis, Turbulence and the Resilience of Innovation: Insights from the Atlantic Maritime Cluster
Authors: Hugo Pinto
Elvira Uyarra
Mercedes Bleda
Carla Nogueira
Helena Almeida
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Resilience and Regional Dynamics
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-95134-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-95135-5

Copyright Year: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95135-5_4

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