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2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Economic Outcomes of People

Author : Wayne Edwards

Published in: Sovereignty and Land Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the United States

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan US

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Abstract

The economic outcomes of American Indians, Native Alaskans, and Native Hawaiians are discussed and compared in the context of land settlements and differences in political sovereignty. The curious result at the aggregated group level is that the American Indians and Native Alaskans, who have the most political sovereignty, have the worst economic outcomes. Native Hawaiians, who have no federal political sovereignty, have the best outcomes overall. The reasons for these differences are not obvious. The higher level of integration of Native Hawaiians into the broader outside society might have allowed more prosperity compared to the other groups who remained more separated, but there are great differences in other circumstances unrelated to political status as well.

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previous chapter Sovereignty
next chapter The Value and Use of Land
Footnotes
1
With Tara Natarajan. See Edwards and Natarajan (2007, 2008).
 
4
Norris et al. (2012).
 
5
Ibid.
 
6
Ibid.
 
7
Ibid., p. 12.
 
8
Ibid.
 
9
Ibid., pp. 13–14.
 
10
Ibid.
 
11
Ibid.
 
12
Ibid.
 
13
Unless otherwise noted, the data in this section come from the 2007–2011 American Community Survey of the US Census Bureau, op cit.
 
14
Edwards and Natarajan (2007).
 
15
Macartney et al. (2013).
 
16
U.S. Census Bureau, 2010–2014 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, extracted from the American FactFinder.
 
17
National Congress of American Indians (2014a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k).
 
18
Ibid.
 
19
Indian Health Service (2016).
 
20
Jiang et al. (2015).
 
21
Edwards and Natarajan (2007).
 
22
Eid et al. (2013).
 
23
Dorgan et al. (2015).
 
24
Anderson (2003).
 
25
Edwards and Natarajan (2007).
 
26
Ibid., p. 70.
 
27
Getches et al. (2005), pp. 415–416.
 
28
Tribal Court Clearinghouse (2016).
 
29
National Congress of American Indians (2014k).
 
30
National Congress of American Indians (2014a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j).
 
31
National Congress of American Indians (2014k), p. 5.
 
32
US Census Bureau (2015).
 
33
Etcubañez (2015).
 
34
Hixson et al. (2012).
 
35
Etcubañez (2015).
 
36
Macartney et al. (2013).
 
37
Office of Minority Health (2016).
 
38
Etcubañez (2015).
 
39
Fuatagavi and Perrone (2016).
 
40
Hawaii Access to Justice Commission (2016), p. 2.
 
41
Nagourney (2016).
 
42
Ibid.
 
43
Pettit, et al. (2014), p. 3.
 
44
Ige (2015).
 
45
US Department of Agriculture (2016).
 
46
Ibid.
 
47
Sirota (2012).
 
48
Edwards and Natarajan (2007, 2008, 2009) and Edwards (2009a, b, 2013a).
 
Literature
Edwards, Wayne. 2009a. Service Access Rigidities in Rural Alaska. In Institutional Analysis and Praxis, ed. Tara Natarajan, Wolfram Elsner, and Scott Fullwiler, 273–290. Amsterdam: Springer.CrossRef
———. 2009b. Rural Society and Barriers to Well-being. Journal of Northern Studies 3 (2): 83–98.
———. 2013a. Tribal Government Responses to Poverty. In The New Faces of American Poverty: A Reference Guide to the Great Recession, ed. Lindsey Hanson and Timothy Essenberg, 560–569. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.
———. 2013b. Native American Poverty During the Great Recession. In The New Faces of American Poverty: A Reference Guide to the Great Recession, ed. Lindsey Hanson and Timothy Essenberg, 286–297. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.
Edwards, Wayne, and Tara Natarajan. 2007. Rigidities, Living Conditions, and Institutions in the Far North. Forum for Social Economics 36 (2): 63–72.CrossRef
———. 2008. “ANCSA and ANILCA: Capabilities Failure?” Native Studies Review 17: 69–97.
———. 2009. “Rural Society and Barriers to Well-being,” Journal of Northern Studies, 3 (2): 83–98.
Etcubañez, Marita, et al. 2015. “A Community of Contrasts” (Los Angeles: Asian Americans Advancing Justice).
Fuatagavi, Lydia Seumanu, and Paul Perrone. 2016. Crime in Hawaii 2014. Hawai’i: Crime Prevention & Justice Assistance Division, Honolulu.
Getches, David H., Charles F. Wilkinson, and Robert A. Williams Jr. 2005. Cases and Materials on Federal Indian Law. 5th ed. St. Paul: Thomson West.
Macartney, Suzanne, Alemayehu Bishaw, and Kayla Fontenot. 2013. Poverty Rates for Selected Detailed Race and Hispanic Groups by State and Place: 2007–2011. Document ACSBR/11–17 (Washington, DC: US Census Bureau).
Norris, Tina, Paula L. Vines, and Elizabeth M. Hoeffel. 2012. The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010. 2010 Census Briefs, Document C2010BR-10. Washington, DC: United States Census Bureau.
Pettit, Kathryn L. S., et al. 2014. Continuity and Change: Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Housing Conditions of American Indians and Alaska Natives (Washington: US Department of Housing and Urban Development).
Metadata
Title
Economic Outcomes of People
Author
Wayne Edwards
Copyright Year
2020
Book
Sovereignty and Land Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the United States

Print ISBN: 978-1-137-59399-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-137-59400-6

Copyright Year: 2020

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59400-6_4