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2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. Economic Reform and the Deng Era-1977–1990

Author : S. Chandrashekar

Published in: China's Space Programme

Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore

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Abstract

The end of the Cultural Revolution and the emergence of Deng Xiaoping as China’s leader created a new set of challenges for China’s space Programme. It will be clear from the evidence presented in this section, that during the early years of this transition, the space programme lost some of its special status.

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previous chapter The Origins of China’s Space Programme (1956–1976)

next chapter The End of the Cold War and the New Challenges to the Space Programme—1991–2000

Chen Yanping’s thesis on the early days of the space programme are particularly insightful. See pp. 106–123, 189–213.

However, these initiatives did not fructify. Chinese insistence on shared manufacture of satellites rather than outright purchase could have been one reason for this. China did tie up with MBB, a German company for the supply of critical components for its first communications satellite.

The restructuring exercise also directly affected the specific projects undertaken by the various academies. The FB-1 parallel launcher being developed by the Shanghai Group was terminated. The rationalization of the work between the First Academy (CALT) and the Eighth Academy (SAST) would have been difficult without Deng’s insistence on a new orientation. China seems to have in place an arrangement that seems to work and as in the case of the human space flight programme, used these competitive capabilities to foster original ideas for new programmes.

pp. 210–212.

pp. 135–141.

pp. 14–19.

Xi Chang has the same latitude (28.5 °) as Cape Canaveral. Whether this is coincidence or a result of how US thinking has influenced Chinese space engineers is a debatable point.

In the spring of 1978, Deng convened a meeting of the Special Committee at which the communications satellite program was discussed. Deng opened the discussion by observing, “If we invite a good teacher to give a lecture in the Great Hall of the People only 10,000 people can hear it, but if the same teacher were to give that lecture on television, and everyone had the equipment to receive it, that’s a classroom of unlimited size.” Obviously, Deng saw the significant benefits offered by a satellite for providing distance education. See p. 16.

Stretched CZ 2C first and second stages along with a new liquid upper stage provided this new variant.

pp. 149–151.

The three companies are Asiasat, APT (Asia Pacific Telecommunication which became APSTAR and after German investment Sinosat) as well as a domestic company China Telecommunications Broadcast Services (China Telecom). See p. 148.

p. 115.

See p. CRS -2.

https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/07/08/Ariane-failure-investigated-as-sabotage/2873521179200/.

pp. 121–122.

The quota for 1989–1994 was 9 satellites, while the quota for 1995–2001 was 11 satellites. See p. 148.

See p. 51.

pp. 45–46.

Wang Deheng was an optical physicist. The other three members were Wang Ganchang a nuclear physicist, Yang Jiaxi an electrical engineer and Chen Fangyun an electronics and radio communications expert. See pp. 95–126.

Zhao backed the rebels in the Tiananmen incident and was removed from power. Li Peng backed action against the Tiananmen rebels and seemed to have become closer to Deng.

Reference 4 pp. 117–119.

Chen Y (1993) China’s space commercialization effort organization, policy and strategies. Space policy

Chen Y (1999) China’s space activities policy and organization 1956–1986. Dissertation, Faculty of the Columbian School of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses

Feigenbaum EA (1999) Who is behind china’s high technology revolution? How bomb makers remade Beijing’s priorities, policies and institutions. Int Sec 24(1)

Harvey B (2013) China in space: the great leap forward. Springer Praxis Books, New York

Holland S (1986) Ariane failure investigated as sabotage. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/07/08/Ariane-failure-investigated-as-sabotage/2873521179200/

Kulacki G, Lewis JG (2009) A place for one’s mat: China’s space program 1956–2003. American Academy of Arts & Sciences

Smith MS (2006) CRS issue brief for congress, space launch vehicles: government activities, commercial competition, and satellite exports, congressional research service

Title: Economic Reform and the Deng Era-1977–1990
Author: S. Chandrashekar
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Book: China's Space Programme
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-1503-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-19-1504-8

Copyright Year: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1504-8_2

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