Introduction
Position and size of image markers
Use of image markers in augmented-reality-based surgical guidance
Aim and objectives
Materials and methods
Experimental setup
Procedure
Data extraction and analysis
Results
N | Min | Max | Mean | SD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inclination angle (°) | 972 | 0 | 13.6 | 4.2 | 2.8 | |
Distance-to-monitor (mm) | 972 | 0 | 32.9 | 10.8 | 7.5 | |
Vertex position (mm) | 5832 | 0 | 14.8 | 2.1 | 2.1 | |
Centroid position (mm) | 972 | 0 | 9.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | |
Area (%) | Absolute | 972 | 0 | 15.5 | 3.0 | 3.1 |
Relative | 972 | − 15.5 | 5.8 | − 0.8 | 4.3 |
Effect of marker position
Effect of marker size
Percentage of errors
Error | % | |
---|---|---|
Inclination angle (°) | ≤ 1 | 20.6 |
≤ 2 | 30.2 | |
≤ 5 | 61.6 | |
Vertex position (mm) | ≤ 1 | 20.9 |
≤ 2 | 70.7 | |
≤ 5 | 91.3 | |
Centroid position (mm) | ≤ 1 | 45.1 |
≤ 2 | 76 | |
≤ 5 | 94 |