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Published in:
2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
15. Electrode Reactions That Deviate from Complete Equilibrium
Author : Robert A. Huggins
Published in: Energy Storage
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
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Abstract
The example that was discussed earlier, the reaction of lithium with iodine to form LiI, dealt with elements and thermodynamically stable phases. By knowing a simple parameter, the Gibbs free energy of formation of the reaction product, the cell voltage under equilibrium and near-equilibrium conditions can be calculated for this reaction. If the cell operates under a fixed pressure of iodine at the positive electrode and at a stable temperature, the Gibbs phase rule indicates that the number of the residual degrees of freedom F in both the negative and positive electrodes is zero. Thus the voltage is independent of the extent of the cell reaction in both cases.