Top

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

Published in:

14-01-2021 | Original Paper

Energy performance of typical large residential apartments in Kolkata: implementing new energy conservation building codes of India

Authors: Gunjan Kumar, Biswajit Thakur, Sudipta De

Published in: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy | Issue 4/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India, initiated energy conservation building codes (ECBCs) in 2007 to enhance building energy efficiency in the country. ECBC, 2017, for commercial buildings and Eco-Niwas Samhita, 2018, (Part-1) for residential buildings are the latest codes introduced. Anticipating the enormous potential of energy savings in the energy-intensive urban residences, the present study attempts to assess the energy performance of typical high-rise residential apartments in the warm-humid climate of Kolkata following implementation of envelope norms specified in these codes through whole building energy simulation. Energy performance index for total and cooling energy of four code compliant design cases is compared with the actual conventional design showing significant improvement (7.88–25.57% and 11.35–36.34%, respectively). Statistical association of each of the compliance parameters is studied showing a strong correlation of the indices with residential envelope transmittance value, roof thermal transmittance and visible light transmittance. The uncertainty in the variables influencing energy performance is probed into sensitivity analyses. Solar heat gain coefficient of the non-north window glazing is found to influence the residential envelope transmittance value and thus the cooling and overall energy consumption most, demanding special attention during material selection.

Graphic abstract

previous article Site suitability analysis for solar farms using the geographic information system and multi-criteria decision analysis: the case of Antalya, Turkey

next article Utilization of cationic polymer-modified fly ash for dye wastewater treatment

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) (2016) ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2016: energy standard for buildings except low-rise residential buildings, vol 2016

Asahi India Glass Limited. AIS architectural product profile. https://www.aisglass.com/brochures/2201_APP%20Brochure%20-%20Aug%202018.pdf. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Asahi India Glass Limited. AIS clear float glass parameters. https://www.aisglass.com/pressrealasefiles/AIS-Clear-Float-Parameters.pdf. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Bano F, Sehgal V (2018) Evaluation of energy-efficient design strategies: comparison of the thermal performance of energy-efficient office buildings in composite climate, India. Sol Energy 176:506–519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.057CrossRef

Bhatnagar M, Mathur J, Garg V (2019) Development of reference building models for India. J Build Eng 21:267–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.10.027CrossRef

Biswas S, Chowdhury D, Roy A, Yohanis YG, Neogi S (2013) Thermal performance of a multistoried residential apartment in winter season at Kolkata. Int J Emerg Technol Adv Eng 3:321–328. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/581a/9a66e3af1824a1641b28b9771a294a68591e.pdf?_ga=2.46247399.1369598927.1572435837-1866138469.1572435837. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Bruegge C, Deryugina T, Myers E (2018) The distributional effects of building energy codes. J Assoc Environ Resour Econom 6:S95–S127. https://doi.org/10.1086/701189CrossRef

Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) (2007) Energy conservation building code 2007. Ministry of Power, Government of India

Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) (2017) Energy conservation building code 2017. Ministry of Power, Government of India

Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) (2018) Eco-Niwas Samhita 2018 (energy conservation building code for residential buildings) part I: building envelope. Ministry of Power, Government of India. ISBN No. 978-81-936846-3-4

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2016a) National building code of India (NBC) 2016. Vol. 2, Part 8 (Building Services), Section 1 (Lighting and Natural Ventilation). Government of India

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2016b) National building code of India (NBC) 2016. Vol. 1, Part 4 (Fire and Life Safety), Section 4 (Life Safety). Government of India

Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation (CESC) (2018) Tariff and associated terms and conditions, July 2018. https://www.cesc.co.in/wp-content/uploads/tariff/TARIFF%20AND%20ASSOCIATED%20CONDITIONS.pdf. Accessed 18 Nov 2019

Central Electricity Authority (CEA) (2017) Growth of electricity sector in India from 1947–2017. CEA, Government of India. http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/others/planning/pdm/growth_2017.pdf. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Chandel SS, Sharma A, Marwaha BM (2016) Review of energy efficiency initiatives and regulations for residential buildings in India. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 54:1443–1458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.060CrossRef

Chedwal R, Mathur J, Agarwal GD, Dhaka S (2015) Energy saving potential through energy conservation building code and advance energy efficiency measures in hotel buildings of Jaipur City, India. Energy Build 92:282–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.01.066CrossRef

Chel A, Kaushik G (2018) Renewable energy technologies for sustainable development of energy efficient building. Alex Eng J 57(2):655–669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2017.02.027CrossRef

Dhaka S, Mathur J, Garg V (2012) Combined effect of energy efficiency measures and thermal adaptation on air conditioned building in warm climatic conditions of India. Energy Build 55:351–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.09.038CrossRef

Do SL, Shin M, Baltazar JC, Kim J (2017) Energy benefits from semi-transparent BIPV window and daylight dimming systems for IECC code-compliance residential buildings in hot and humid climates. Sol Energy 155:291–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.06.039CrossRef

Dutta A, Neogi S (2013) Energy savings in building through the implementation of ECBC and LEED guideline: case study. In: Proceeding: conference WEEC, 2013 at Washington DC

Evans M, Roshchanka V, Graham P (2017) An international survey of building energy codes and their implementation. J Clean Prod 158:382–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.007CrossRef

Evans M, Yu S, Staniszewski A, Jin L, Denysenko A (2018) The international implications of national and local coordination on building energy codes: case studies in six cities. J Clean Prod 191:127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.142CrossRef

Fayaz R, Kari BM (2009) Comparison of energy conservation building codes of Iran, Turkey, Germany, China, ISO 9164 and EN 832. Appl Energy 86:1949–1955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.12.024CrossRef

Gagnon R, Gosselin L, Decker S (2018) Sensitivity analysis of energy performance and thermal comfort throughout building design process. Energy Build 164:278–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.12.066CrossRef

Gokarakonda S, Treeck C, Rawal R (2019) Influence of building design and control parameters on the potential of mixed-mode buildings in India. Build Environ 148:157–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.10.043CrossRef

Hemsath TL, Bandhosseini KA (2015) Sensitivity analysis evaluating basic building geometry’s effect on energy use. Renew Energy 76:526–538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.11.044CrossRef

Kalhor K, Emaminejad N (2020) Qualitative and quantitative optimization of thermal insulation materials: insights from the market and energy codes. J Build Eng 30:101275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101275CrossRef

Kottek M, Grieser J, Beck C, Rudolf B, Rubel F (2006) World Map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorol Z 15:259–263. https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130CrossRef

Kristensen MH, Petersen S (2016) Choosing the appropriate sensitivity analysis method for building energy model-based investigations. Energy Build 130:166–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.08.038CrossRef

Levinson A (2016) How much energy do building energy codes save? Evidence from California houses. Am Econ Rev 106:2867–2894. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20150102CrossRef

Li H, Wang S, Cheung H (2018) Sensitivity analysis of design parameters and optimal design for zero/low energy buildings in subtropical regions. Appl Energy 228:1280–1291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.023CrossRef

Liu D, Wang W, Liu J (2017) Sensitivity analysis of meteorological parameters on building energy consumption. Energy Procedia 132:634–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.700CrossRef

Lu M, Lai JHK (2019) Building energy: a review on consumptions, policies, rating schemes and standards. Energy Procedia 158:3633–3638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.899CrossRef

NITI Aayog, Government of India. India energy security scenario 2047 calculator. http://iess2047.gov.in/. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

O’Brien W, Tahmasebi F, Andersen RK, Azar E, Barthelmes V, Belafi ZD, Berger C, Chen D, Simone MD, d’Oca S, Hong T, Jin Q, Khovalyg D, Lamberts R, Novakovic V, Park JY, Plagmann M, Rajus VS, Vellei M, Verbruggen S, Wagner A, Willems E, Yan D, Zhou J (2020) An international review of occupant-related aspects of building energy codes and standards. Build Environ 179:106906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106906CrossRef

O’Neil Z, Niu F (2017) Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of spatio-temporal occupant behaviors on residential building energy usage utilizing Karhunen–Loève expansion. Build Environ 115:157–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.01.025CrossRef

Papadopoulos AM (2016) Forty years of regulations on the thermal performance of the building envelope in Europe: achievements, perspectives and challenges. Energy Build 127:942–952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.06.051CrossRef

Pellegrino M, Thakur B, Guha H, Simonetti M (2011) Energy efficient choice of brick façade in Kolkata, India. Procedia Eng 21:737–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2072CrossRef

Pellegrino M, Simonetti M, Chiesa G (2016) Reducing thermal discomfort and energy consumption of Indian residential buildings: model validation by in-field measurements and simulation of low-cost intervention. Energy Build 113:145–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.12.015CrossRef

Pilkington (2014) Glass Handbook—2014. https://www.pilkington.com/-/media/pilkington/site-content/poland/trade/downloads/handbook_2014_eng.pdf. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Rivalin L, Stabat P, Marchio D, Caciolo M, Hopquin F (2018) A comparison of methods for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis applied to the energy performance of new commercial buildings. Energy Build 166:489–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.02.021CrossRef

Saint-Gobain Glass. Performance—SGG EVO. https://in.saint-gobain-glass.com/en-in/sgg-evo. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Saint-Gobain Glass. SGG PLANILUX technical sheet. http://www.maristika.lt/binary/uploads/planilux.pdf. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Schwarz M, Nakhle C, Knoeri C (2020) Innovative designs of building energy codes for building decarbonization and their implementation challenges. J Clean Prod 248:119260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119260CrossRef

Singh R, Lazarus IJ, Kishore VVN (2016) Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses of energy and visual performances of office building with external venetian blind shading in hot-dry climate. Appl Energy 184:155–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.007CrossRef

Szokolay SV (2004) Introduction to architectural science: the basis of sustainable design. Architectural Press, Elsevier, Oxford

Tian W, Wilde PD, Li Z, Song J, Yin B (2018) Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of energy assessment for office buildings based on Dempster–Shafer theory. Energy Convers Manag 174:705–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.08.086CrossRef

Tulsyan A, Dhaka S, Mathur J, Yadav JV (2013) Potential of energy savings through implementation of energy conservation building code in Jaipur city, India. Energy Build 58:123–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.11.015CrossRef

Vivian J, Chiodarelli U, Emmi G, Zarrella A (2020) A sensitivity analysis on the heating and cooling energy flexibility of residential buildings. Sustain Cities Soc 52:101815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101815CrossRef

Wang X, Feng W, Cai W, Ren H, Ding C, Zhou N (2019) Do residential building energy efficiency standards reduce energy consumption in China?—A data-driven method to validate the actual performance of building energy efficiency standards. Energy Policy 131:82–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.04.022CrossRef

Wikimedia Commons (2020) India Kolkata locator map. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:India-Kolkata-locator-map.PNG. Accessed 15 Dec 2020

Yang S, Tan W, Cubi E, Meng QX, Liu YL, Wei L (2016) Comparison of sensitivity analysis methods in building energy assessment. Procedia Eng 146:174–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.369CrossRef

Yu S, Evans M, Delgado A (2014) Building energy efficiency in India: compliance evaluation of energy conservation building code. PNNL-23217 U.S. Department of Energy. https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-23217.pdf. Accessed 9 Oct 2019

Yu S, Tan Q, Evans M, Kyle P, Vu L, Patel PL (2017) Improving building energy efficiency in India: state-level analysis of building energy efficiency policies. Energy Policy 110:331–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.07.013CrossRef

Title: Energy performance of typical large residential apartments in Kolkata: implementing new energy conservation building codes of India
Authors: Gunjan Kumar
Biswajit Thakur
Sudipta De
Publication date: 14-01-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy / Issue 4/2021
Print ISSN: 1618-954X
Electronic ISSN: 1618-9558
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-020-02022-7

Springer Professional

Abstract

Graphic abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 4/2021

Nano-enhanced PCMs for low-temperature thermal energy storage systems and passive conditioning applications

Effect of the time-dependent volumetric heat flux on heat transfer performance inside a heat sink based on the phase change materials

Environmental impact assessment of ceramic tile manufacturing: a case study in Turkey

Building information modelling knowledge harvesting for energy efficiency in the Construction industry

Sustainability performance of the Indian cement industry

Site suitability analysis for solar farms using the geographic information system and multi-criteria decision analysis: the case of Antalya, Turkey