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SICS Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Systems
Published in: SICS Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Systems 1-2/2017

09-07-2016 | Special Issue Paper

Ensembles of context and form for repurposing electric vehicle batteries: an exploratory study

Completed Research Paper

Authors: Daniel Beverungen, Sebastian Bräuer, Florian Plenter, Benjamin Klör, Markus Monhof

Published in: SICS Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Systems | Issue 1-2/2017

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Abstract

The electric vehicle battery is the crucial component in electric vehicles. It propels the vehicle’s engine and causes around 25 % of the vehicle’s overall costs. Unfortunately, due to deterioration, the battery’s use gradually restricts the vehicle’s driving range, acceleration, and charging speed over time. Only a battery replacement restores the vehicle’s performance. Despite its deterioration, the used battery can be repurposed to serve as a battery energy storage system in less demanding second-life application scenarios. Examples are home storage solutions for energy from photovoltaic panels or larger buffer storage solutions for stabilizing energy from wind parks or solar farms. With strongly increasing numbers of electric vehicles world-wide, some hundred thousand aged batteries can be assumed to be available soon. Considering the necessity for a reliable fit of the targeted second-life application scenario (as context) and the battery energy storage solution built from aged batteries (as form), the decision for which scenario a battery should be repurposed needs to be supported by information systems. Since current research falls short of identifying and prioritizing the requirements that characterize second-life application scenarios, information system developers lack justificatory knowledge to guide and constrain the design of corresponding information systems. In an explorative multi-method study, we set out to identify the requirement categories and metrics that need to be elicited for repurposing batteries. The study (a) contributes a prioritized list of requirement categories and metrics for repurposing batteries, and (b) documents how they were instantiated respectively why they were important in an analyzed case.
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Footnotes
1
Searches were conducted on Google Scholar and Scopus with the term: (“electric vehicle battery” OR “EVB”) AND (“second-life” OR “repurposing” OR “further use” OR “second use” OR “re-use” OR “reuse”).
 
2
One can argue that besides the objective of ensuring the system’s operability the ensemble of form and context is also affected by further objectives (e.g., ecological or social). From these objectives new scenario-specific functional requirements may arise that can be addressed by additional hardware components or value added services. Examples are the implementation of an energy load manager that allows to schedule and activate flexible electric loads (e.g., of dish washers or washing machines) to optimally use a battery’s capacity and to reduce the amount of energy obtained from the public grid. However, these aspects require a more decent elaboration and are not in the focus of this work.
 
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Metadata
Title
Ensembles of context and form for repurposing electric vehicle batteries: an exploratory study
Completed Research Paper
Authors
Daniel Beverungen
Sebastian Bräuer
Florian Plenter
Benjamin Klör
Markus Monhof
Publication date
09-07-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
SICS Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Systems / Issue 1-2/2017
Print ISSN: 2524-8510
Electronic ISSN: 2524-8529
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-016-0306-7

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