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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

21. Exoskelette und künstliche Intelligenz in der klinischen Rehabilitation

Authors : Elsa A. Kirchner, Niels Will, Marc Simnofske, Peter Kampmann, Luis Manuel Vaca Benitez, José de Gea Fernández, Frank Kirchner

Published in: Digitale Transformation von Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen V

Publisher: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Zusammenfassung

Das Tragen eines Roboters, also der direkte Kontakt eines potenziell sehr kraftvollen Systems mit dem menschlichen Körper, stellt enorme Anforderungen an die Ergonomie, Sicherheit durch Design und Steuerung sowie an das Zusammenspiel beider Partner – Mensch und Roboter. Letzteres erfordert Regelungsmechanismen, die ein transparentes Verhalten des Roboters für den Menschen ermöglichen (ohne den Menschen zu behindern) und das automatische Erkennen der Intention des Menschen, um ihn situationsgemäß zu unterstützen. Um diese Herausforderungen zu meistern, gilt es, nicht nur neue kinematische und mechanische Designs, Elektroniken und Regelungsansätze zu entwickeln, sondern auch Daten des Menschen, insbesondere psychophysiologische Daten, zu nutzen. Letzteres erfordert den Einsatz sehr fortschrittlicher Signalverarbeitungsverfahren und maschinellen Lernens in Echtzeit. Integriert in das System unter Nutzung von eingebetteter Elektronik und Einbindung in die Regelung des Exoskeletts ergibt sich eine Erweiterung der künstlichen Intelligenz, die den Menschen mit seinem Verhalten, Intentionen und Bedürfnissen einbezieht. Besondere Relevanz und Herausforderung stellt die Nutzung von Exoskeletten für die Neurorehabilitation dar, auf die im Kapitel besonders eingegangen wird.

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Metadata
Title
Exoskelette und künstliche Intelligenz in der klinischen Rehabilitation
Authors
Elsa A. Kirchner
Niels Will
Marc Simnofske
Peter Kampmann
Luis Manuel Vaca Benitez
José de Gea Fernández
Frank Kirchner
Copyright Year
2019
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23987-9_21

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