In India, transitional spaces such as verandahs, stairways, and courtyards have always been cherished for their multi-functional social and recreational roles. However, with rapid urban development, these versatile living and recreational areas have become increasingly limited. Consequently, people are often restricted to using designated spaces for a single purpose, which has led to the formation of insurgent spaces. This research aims to explore how public spaces originally intended for mono-use transform into multi-use areas through the dynamic interactions of the public. The study focuses on streets in Mumbai, which emerge as insurgent and vibrant public spaces. Although these streets are designated primarily for traffic and pedestrian use, they exhibit a variety of uses, including religious ceremonies, recreational activities, cultural events, and more. These activities may occur on a daily, monthly, or annual basis, reflecting the diverse needs of the community. The research methodology includes detailed case studies of such streets in India. By observing and analyzing these spaces, the study identifies and categorizes the various ways they are repurposed by the community. This process involves mapping activities, conducting site inventory analysis, and carrying out surveys with users of these spaces. Through a comparative analysis of these insurgent spaces, the study aims to recommend strategies for urban planners to better incorporate multi-use potential in public spaces. The objective is to develop more equitable urban environments that effectively address the needs and behaviours of the communities they serve. This research aspires to contribute to the creation of public spaces that are functional, dynamic, and inclusive, thereby supporting a wide range of social, cultural, and recreational activities.
