Top

Published in:

2024 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Facing a Dangerous World: A Comparison of the Biden and Trump Doctrines

Authors : Lawrence A. Kuznar, Eric C. Kuznar

Published in: Presidential Leadership and Foreign Policy

Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

This quantitative discourse analysis (QDA) explores the differences and similarities of the Biden and Trump doctrines, focusing on how each presidential doctrine is driven by specific geopolitical issues. We analyze the themes deployed in political speeches by Presidents Biden and Trump, based on a codebook of cultural/political themes that have been developed for use on a broad range of political leaders. The same themes were mentioned most often by both presidents, military, climate, allies, borders, and immigration. However, they prioritized these key issues differently and often expressed different policy positions on and attitudes toward them. In some cases, the presidents shared key views and differed less than commonly portrayed in media. Currently, the world is experiencing new levels of geopolitical turmoil. Strategic competition between the United States versus China and Russia drives international policy, and Russia has initiated a major war against Ukraine. Therefore, this study will also examine the two presidents’ views on China, Russia, and the Ukraine.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter The Biden and Trump Foreign Policies: Comparing Differing Approaches to the Use of Force and Diplomacy

next chapter An Inward Turn?: Public Opinion, Partisanship, and American Foreign Policy

https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/people/president/donald-J-trump.

Abramowitz, A. I., & Webster, S. W. (2018). Negative partisanship: Why Americans dislike parties but behave like rabid partisans. Advances in Political Psychology, 39, 119–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12479CrossRef

Anggoro, A. R., Mukhrizal, & Sufiyandi. (2022). Syntactical analysis on sentence structures spoken by Joe Biden and Donald Trump in the election night speeches. Journal of English Education and Teaching (JEET), 6(2), 188–206.

Atkinson, R. D., Brake, D., Castro, D., Cory, N., Ezell, S., Foote, C., Hart, D. M., Kennedy, J., & Rozansky, R. (2020). Trump vs. Biden: Comparing the candidates’ positions on technology and innovation.

Beauchamp-Mustafaga, N. (2015). Deciphering PLA media commentaries on North Korea: Going rogue or staying on script. Korea Economic Institute of America Academic Paper 75, 75. Retrieved from http://www.keia.org/sites/default/files/publications/kei_aps_nathan_beauchamp-mustafaga_final.pdf

Bernard, H. R., & Ryan, G. W. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data: Systematic approaches. Sage.

Biden, J. (2021). Interim national security strategic guidance.

Bobo, L. D. (2017). Racism in Trump’s America: Reflections on culture, sociology, and the 2016 US presidential election. British Journal of Sociology, 68(S1), S85–S104.CrossRef

Bonikowski, B. (2017). Ethno-nationalist populism and the mobilization of collective resentment. British Journal of Sociology, 68(S1), S181–S213.CrossRef

Burke, K. (1974). The rhetoric of Hitler’s “battle.” In K. Burke (Ed.), The philosophy of literary form: Studies in symbolic action (3rd ed., pp. 191–220). University of California Press.

Campbell, J. L. (2018). American discontent: The rise of Donald Trump and the decline of the golden age. Oxford University Press.CrossRef

Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis.

Conway, L. G., & Zubrod, A. (2022). Are U.S. presidents becoming less rhetorically complex? Evaluating the integrative complexity of Joe Biden and Donald Trump in historical context. Journal of Language and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X221081126

Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research. Sage.

Easley, L.-E. (2020). Trump and Kim Jong Un: Climbing the diplomatic ladder. North Korean Review, 16(1), 103–110.

Engel, R., & Hannsen, T. (2022). The United States: A cautious return to internationalism. In S. Ulgen (Ed.), Rewiring globalization (pp. 37–50). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Fairclough, N. (2001). Language and power (2nd ed.). Pearson Education Limited.

Fenstermacher, L., Kuznar, L. A., & Yager, M. (2012). Analysis of discourse for indications and warnings. In D. D. Schmorrow (Ed.), Advances in design for cross-cultural activities part II (pp. 230–240). CRC Press.

Fenstermacher, L., Kuznar, L. A., Yager, M., & Shellman, S. (2014). Meaning making regarding threat narrative based on discourse analysis. In S. Schatz, J. Cohn, & D. Nicholson (Eds.), Advances in cross-cultural decision making (pp. 61–71). AHFE Conference.

Guest, G., MacQueen, K. M., & Namey, E. (2012). Applied thematic analysis. Sage.CrossRef

Guinaudeau, I., & Persico, S. (2018). Keeping promises: Necessary conditions for the fulfillment of electoral pledges. Revue Française de Science Politique, 68(2), 215–237. Retrieved from https://www.cairn-int.info/article-E_RFSP_682_0215--keeping-promises-necessary-conditions.htm

Hammack, P. L. (2011). Narrative and the politics of identity: The cultural psychology of Israeli and Palestinian youth. Oxford University Press.

Hart, R. P. (2022). Why Trump lost and how? A rhetorical explanation. American Behavioral Scientist, 66(1), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764221996760

Hermann, M. G. (1999). Assessing leadership style: A trait analysis. Social Science Automation (SSA).

Hunt, C. W., Kuznar, L. A., & Kauffman, S. A. (2020). Why politics is so polarized, even though Americans agree on most key issues. Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2020/06/why-politics-is-so-polarized/

Körner, R., Overbeck, J. R., Körner, E., & Schütz, A. (2022). How the linguistic styles of Donald Trump and Joe Biden reflect different forms of power. Journal of Language and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X221085309CrossRef

Kuznar, L. A. (2017). The stability of the Islamic State (IS) narrative: Implications for the future. Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict, 9(1–3), 40–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/17467586.2017.1347694CrossRef

Kuznar, L. A. (2020). Beyond hyperbole: The meaning of the Trump-Kim dialogue. In S. Renshon & P. Suedfeld (Eds.), The Trump doctrine and the emerging international system (pp. 247–268). Palgrave Macmillan.

Kuznar, L. A., & Hunt, C. W. (2015). The blue-green-red metaphor in the context of counterterrorism: Clarifications and anthropological emendations. CTX, 5(3), 23–30. Retrieved from https://globalecco.org/the-blue-green-red-metaphor-in-the-context-of-counterterrorism-clarifications-and-anthropological-emendations

Kuznar, L. A., & Yager, M. (2016). Identification of security issues and their importance to Russia, its near-abroad and NATO allies: A thematic analysis of leadership speeches. Strategic Multilayer Assessment (SMA) Periodic Publication, OSD/ASD (R&E)/RSD/RRTO.

Levitt, L. (2020). Trump versus Biden on health care. Journal of the American Medical Association, 324(14), 1384–1385. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.19172CrossRef

Löfflmann, G. (2019). America first and the populist impact on US foreign policy. Survival, 61(6), 115–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2019.1688573CrossRef

Mason, L., & Wronski, J. (2018). One tribe to bind them all: How our social group attachments strengthen partisanship. Political Psychology, 39, 257–277. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12485CrossRef

Moaddel, M. (1992). Ideology as episodic discourse: The case of the Iranian revolution. American Sociological Review, 57(3), 353–379.CrossRef

Orwell, G. (1968). Review of Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler. In S. O. I. Angus (Ed.), The collected essays, journalism and letters of George Orwell, Volume 2. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Packer, G. (2021). How America fractured into four parts. Atlantic (July/August 2021). Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2021/07/george-packer-four-americas/619012/

Pew Research Center. (2021). Beyond red vs. blue: The political typology.

Reif, K. (2021). Biden continues trump nuclear funding. Arms control today (July/August 2021). Retrieved from https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2021-07/news/biden-continues-trump-nuclear-funding

Renshon, S., & Suedfeld, P. (Eds.). (2020). The Trump doctrine and the emerging international system. Palgrave Macmillan.

Ryan, G. W., & Bernard, H. R. (2003). Techniques to identify themes. Field Methods, 15(1), 85–109.CrossRef

Suedfeld, P., Morrison, B. H., & Kuznar, L. A. (2020). National interests and the Trump doctrine: The meaning of “America first.” In S. Renshon & P. Suedfeld (Eds.), The Trump doctrine and the emerging international system (pp. 39–70). Palgrave Macmillan.

Suedfeld, P., Wallace, M. D., & Thachuk, K. L. (1993). Changes in integrative complexity among Middle East leaders during Persian Gulf crisis. Journal of Social Issues, 49(4), 183–199.CrossRef

Trump, D. J. (2017). National security strategy.

van Dijk, T. A. (2005). Politics, ideology, and discourse. In K. Brown (Ed.), Politics & language, encyclopedia of language and linguistics (2nd ed., pp. 728–740). Elsevier.

van Dijk, T. A. (2006). Discourse and manipulation. Discourse & Society, 17(2), 359–383.CrossRef

Viala-Gaudefroy, J. (2018). President Trump and the virtue of power. Revue LISA/LISA e-journal. Littératures, Histoire des Idées, Images, Sociétés du Monde Anglophone—Literature, History of Ideas, Images and Societies of the English-speaking World, 16(2). Retrieved from https://journals.openedition.org/lisa/9861?lang=en

Will, G. (2020). Religion and the American Republic. National Affairs, 44(Summer 2020). Retrieved from https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/religion-and-the-american-republic

Title: Facing a Dangerous World: A Comparison of the Biden and Trump Doctrines
Authors: Lawrence A. Kuznar
Eric C. Kuznar
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Book: Presidential Leadership and Foreign Policy
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-52798-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-52799-9

Copyright Year: 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52799-9_13