5. Farming Systems and Sustainable Agriculture

This chapter delves into the intricate landscape of farming systems and sustainable agriculture, with a particular focus on the distinctive characteristics found in the Central Himalayan region. The farming practices in this area encompass a spectrum, ranging from traditional subsistence mixed farming to the cultivation of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, the prevalence of mono-cropping, such as sugarcane in the plain regions, and wheat and paddy in the river valleys, adds another layer of complexity to the agricultural tapestry. The sustenance of the local population is intricately tied to the practice of sustainable farming, making it a crucial aspect of their livelihoods. However, a comprehensive examination of the current scenario reveals a shift in the farming system, thereby exerting a substantial impact on the well-being of the local populace. This study endeavors to shed light on these transformations, substantiated by relevant facts and figures, providing a nuanced understanding of the evolving dynamics within the farming communities of the Central Himalaya.