20. Flood Vulnerability Analysis Using Multi-Sensor Satellite Imagery-Based on Multi-Parameter to Support National Urban Flood Resilience Program

This chapter explores the critical factors influencing flood vulnerability in Indonesia, with a particular focus on the northern coastal regions of Java. It examines the role of multi-sensor satellite imagery in enhancing the accuracy of flood predictions, utilizing parameters such as rainfall, sea-level rise, and land subsidence. The analysis reveals that areas with physical characteristics close to rivers, flat slopes, fine soil texture, and high rainfall are particularly vulnerable to flood disasters. The study highlights the significant impact of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) and La Niña on flood events, emphasizing the need for comprehensive flood risk management strategies. The chapter also delves into the geomorphological conditions of key cities such as Jakarta, Semarang, and Pekalongan, providing detailed insights into their susceptibility to tidal and inundation floods. By integrating advanced satellite technology with traditional hydrological data, the chapter offers a unique perspective on the challenges faced by urban areas in Indonesia and proposes effective strategies for enhancing flood resilience. The findings underscore the urgency of addressing land subsidence and implementing adaptive coastal planning to mitigate the risks associated with increasing sea levels and intense precipitation.