Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. Food Systems, Food Environments, and Consumer Behavior

Authors : Jessica Fanzo, Claire Davis

Published in: Global Food Systems, Diets, and Nutrition

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Food is critical to good nutrition and health, but it is also essential to culture, society, tradition, religion, and individual values. Food systems consist of everybody and everything involved in bringing food from “farm to fork.” This chapter provides an overview of food systems and the key concepts necessary to understand how food systems function. Food systems consist of all the components and activities related to the production, processing, distribution, preparation, and consumption of food. Farmers and other food producers, consumers, businesses, civil society groups, and governments play major roles in the food system. Food system activities affect health and nutrition outcomes, as well as socio-economic status and the environment. Food supply chains, food environments, and consumer behavior represent three major components of food systems.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Introduction
next chapter Food Policy
Literature
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
HLPE. Food losses and waste in the context of sustainable food systems. High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security; 2014.
7.
8.
9.
Hawkes C, Ruel MT, Salm L, Sinclair B, Branca F. Double-duty actions: Seizing programme and policy opportunities to address malnutrition in all its forms. Lancet. 2020 Jan 11;395(10218):142–55.
10.
Webb P, Stordalen GA, Singh S, Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Shetty P, Lartey A. Hunger and malnutrition in the 21st century. BMJ. 2018 Jun 13;361:k2238.
11.
Hawkesworth S, Dangour AD, Johnston D, Lock K, Poole N, Rushton J, et al. Feeding the world healthily: the challenge of measuring the effects of agriculture on health. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2010 Sep 27;365(1554):3083–97.
12.
Swinburn BA, Kraak VI, Allender S, Atkins VJ, Baker PI, Bogard JR, et al. The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: The Lancet Commission report. Lancet. 2019 Feb 23;393(10173):791–846.
13.
13. Ericksen PJ. Conceptualizing food systems for global environmental change research. Glob Environ Change. 2008 Feb 1;18(1):234–45.
14.
Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, Springmann M, Lang T, Vermeulen S, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: The EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet. 2019 Feb 2;393(10170):447–92.
15.
Clark MA, Springmann M, Hill J, Tilman D. Multiple health and environmental impacts of foods. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Nov 12;116(46):23357–62.
16.
17.
Allen T, Prosperi P. Modeling sustainable food systems. Environ Manage. 2016 May;57(5):956–75.
18.
Pinstrup-Andersen P, Watson DD II. Food policy for developing countries: The role of government in global, national, and local food systems. Cornell University Press; 2011. 424 p.
19.
IPES-Food. TOO BIG TO FEED Exploring the impacts of mega-mergers, consolidation and concentration of power in the agri-food sector. IPES Food; 2017.
20.
Lowder SK, Skoet J, Raney T. The number, size, and distribution of farms, smallholder farms, and family farms worldwide. World Dev. 2016 Nov 1;87:16–29.
21.
Graeub BE, Chappell MJ, Wittman H, Ledermann S, Kerr RB, Gemmill-Herren B. The state of family farms in the world. World Dev. 2016 Nov 1;87:1–15.
22.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. FAO; 2020.
23.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. FAO; 2012.
24.
Glopan. Improving diets in an era of food market transformation: Challenges and opportunities for engagement between the public and private sectors. Policy Brief No. 11. London, UK: Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition. 2018.
25.
KPMG. The agricultural and food value chain: Entering a new era of cooperation. KPMG International; 2013.
26.
Lusk JL, McCluskey J. Understanding the impacts of food consumer choice and food policy outcomes. Appl Econ Perspect Policy. 2018 Feb 16;40(1):5–21.
27.
von Braun J, Birner R. Designing global governance for agricultural development and food and nutrition security. Rev Dev Econ. 2017 May 18;21(2):265–84.
28.
Stokstad E. After 20 years, golden rice nears approval. Science. 2019 Nov 22;366(6468):934.
29.
Stein AJ, Sachdev HPS, Qaim M. Can genetic engineering for the poor pay off?: An ex-ante evaluation of Golden Rice in India [Internet]. University of Hohenheim – Centre for Agriculture in the Tropics and Subtropics Institute of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics; 2008 Mar [cited 2021 Jan 8]. Available from: http://​opus.​uni-hohenheim.​de/​volltexte/​2008/​261/​
30.
31.
Dubock A. Golden Rice: To combat vitamin a deficiency for public health. In: Zepka LQ, de Rosso VV, Jacob-Lopes E, editors. Vitamin A. Rijeka: IntechOpen; 2019.
32.
Kettenburg AJ, Hanspach J, Abson DJ, Fischer J. From disagreements to dialogue: Unpacking the Golden Rice debate. Sustainability Sci. 2018 May 17;13(5):1469–82.
33.
Wight AJ. The precautionary tale of golden rice. Science. 2019 Oct 11;366(6462):192–192.
34.
Hawkes C, Ruel MT, Others. Value chains for nutrition. Reshaping agriculture for nutrition and health. 2012;73–82.
35.
36.
36. Renting H, Marsden TK, Banks J. Understanding alternative food networks: Exploring the role of short food supply chains in rural development. Environ Plan A. 2003 Mar 1;35(3):393–411.
37.
Reardon T. Growing Food for Growing Cities. Chicago Council on Global Affairs; 2016.
38.
39.
40.
High Level Panel of Experts. Sustainable agricultural development for FSN: what roles for livestock? 2016.
41.
Béné C, Barange M, Subasinghe R, Pinstrup-Andersen P, Merino G, Hemre G-I, et al. Feeding 9 billion by 2050–Putting fish back on the menu. Food Security. 2015;7(2):261–74.
42.
Tacon AGJ, Metian M. Fish matters: Importance of aquatic foods in human nutrition and global food supply. Rev Fish Sci. 2013 Jan 1;21(1):22–38.
43.
Ranganathan J, Vennard D, Waite R, Searchinger T, Dumas P, Lipinski B. Shifting diets: Toward a sustainable food future. In IFPRI; 2016. (2016 Global Food Policy Report, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)).
44.
United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. Farm Size and the Organization of U.S. Crop Farming. United States Department of Agriculture; 2013.
45.
Foley JA, Ramankutty N, Brauman KA, Cassidy ES, Gerber JS, Johnston M, et al. Solutions for a cultivated planet. Nature. 2011 Oct 12;478(7369):337–42.
46.
Garnett T, Appleby MC, Balmford A, Bateman IJ, Benton TG, Bloomer P, et al. Agriculture. Sustainable intensification in agriculture: Premises and policies. Science. 2013 Jul 5;341(6141):33–4.
47.
Sachs JD, Remans R, Smukler SM, Winowiecki L, Andelman SJ, Cassman KG, et al. Effective monitoring of agriculture: A response. J Environ Monit. 2012 Mar;14(3):738–42.
48.
48. Pingali PL. Green revolution: Impacts, limits, and the path ahead. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 31;109(31):12302–8.
49.
Cardinale BJ, Duffy JE, Gonzalez A, Hooper DU, Perrings C, Venail P, et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity. Nature. 2012 Jun 6;486(7401):59–67.
50.
Hazell P. Five big questions about five hundred million small farms. In: Conference on New Directions for Smallholder Agriculture. researchgate.net; 2011. pp. 24–5.
51.
High Level Panel of Experts. Investing in smallholder agriculture for food security. HLPE; 2013.
52.
53.
Bellemare MF, Fajardo-Gonzalez J, Gitter SR. Foods and fads: The welfare impacts of rising quinoa prices in Peru. World Dev. 2018 Dec 1;112:163–79.
54.
Bazile D, Jacobsen S-E, Verniau A. The global expansion of Quinoa: Trends and limits. Front Plant Sci. 2016 May 9;7:622.
55.
56.
Herrero M, Thornton PK, Notenbaert AM, Wood S, Msangi S, Freeman HA, et al. Smart investments in sustainable food production: Revisiting mixed crop-livestock systems. Science. 2010 Feb 12;327(5967):822–5.
57.
Herrero M, Thornton PK, Power B, Bogard JR, Remans R, Fritz S, et al. Farming and the geography of nutrient production for human use: A transdisciplinary analysis. Lancet Planet Health. 2017 Apr;1(1):e33–42.
58.
Chand R, Prasanna PAL, Singh A. Farm size and productivity: Understanding the strengths of smallholders and improving their livelihoods. Econ Polit Wkly. 2011;46(26/27):5–11.
59.
60.
Darnhofer I, Lindenthal T, Bartel-Kratochvil R, Zollitsch W. Conventionalisation of organic farming practices: from structural criteria towards an assessment based on organic principles. A review. Agron Sustain Dev. 2010;30(1):67–81.
61.
Crinnion WJ. Organic foods contain higher levels of certain nutrients, lower levels of pesticides, and may provide health benefits for the consumer. Altern Med Rev. 2010 Apr;15(1):4–12.
62.
63.
Barański M, Srednicka-Tober D, Volakakis N, Seal C, Sanderson R, Stewart GB, et al. Higher antioxidant and lower cadmium concentrations and lower incidence of pesticide residues in organically grown crops: A systematic literature review and meta-analyses. Br J Nutr. 2014 Sep 14;112(5):794–811.
64.
Dangour AD, Dodhia SK, Hayter A, Allen E, Lock K, Uauy R. Nutritional quality of organic foods: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sep;90(3):680–5.
65.
Smith-Spangler C, Brandeau ML, Hunter GE, Bavinger JC, Pearson M, Eschbach PJ, et al. Are organic foods safer or healthier than conventional alternatives?: A systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Sep 4;157(5):348–66.
66.
Mitchell AE, Hong Y-J, Koh E, Barrett DM, Bryant DE, Denison RF, et al. Ten-year comparison of the influence of organic and conventional crop management practices on the content of flavonoids in tomatoes. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6154–9.
67.
Li J, Zepeda L, Gould BW. The demand for organic food in the US: An empirical assessment. Journal of Food Distribution Research. 2007;38(856-2016-57840):54–69.
68.
69.
van Boekel M, Fogliano V, Pellegrini N, Stanton C, Scholz G, Lalljie S, et al. A review on the beneficial aspects of food processing. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Sep 19;54(9):1215–47.
70.
Weaver CM, Dwyer J, Fulgoni VL 3rd, King JC, Leveille GA, MacDonald RS, et al. Processed foods: Contributions to nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jun;99(6):1525–42.
71.
Augustin MA, Riley M, Stockmann R, Bennett L, Kahl A, Lockett T, et al. Role of food processing in food and nutrition security. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2016 Oct 1;56:115–25.
72.
Poti JM, Mendez MA, Ng SW, Popkin BM. Is the degree of food processing and convenience linked with the nutritional quality of foods purchased by US households? Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun;101(6):1251–62.
73.
Moubarac J-C, Parra DC, Cannon G, Monteiro CA. Food classification systems based on food processing: Significance and implications for policies and actions: A systematic literature review and assessment. Curr Obes Rep. 2014 Jun;3(2):256–72.
74.
75.
Food and Agriculture Organization. The informal food sector. FAO; 2003. Report No.: “Food in Cities” Collection, No. 4.
76.
Resnick D. Governance: Informal food markets in Africa’s cities. In: International Food Policy Research Institute, editor. 2017 Global Food Policy Report. 2017.
77.
78.
Herforth A, Ahmed S. The food environment, its effects on dietary consumption, and potential for measurement within agriculture-nutrition interventions. Food Security. 2015 Jun 1;7(3):505–20.
79.
Kraak VI, Swinburn B, Lawrence M, Harrison P. An accountability framework to promote healthy food environments. Public Health Nutr. 2014 Nov;17(11):2467–83.
80.
Reardon T, Timmer CP. The economics of the food system revolution. Annu Rev Resour Econ. 2012 Aug 1;4(1):225–64.
81.
82.
Swinnen JFM. The dynamics of vertical coordination in agri-food supply chains in transition countries [Internet]. Global supply chains, standards and the poor: How the globalization of food systems and standards affects rural development and poverty. p. 42–58. Available from: http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1079/​9781845931858.​0042
83.
Popkin BM, Reardon T. Obesity and the food system transformation in Latin America. Obes Rev. 2018 Aug;19(8):1028–64.
84.
Minten B, Reardon T. Food prices, quality, and quality’s pricing in supermarkets versus traditional markets in developing countries. Appl Econ Perspect Policy. 2008 Oct 1;30(3):480–90.
85.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Food and Nutrition Board, Roundtable on Obesity Solutions. Advancing obesity solutions through investments in the built environment: Proceedings of a workshop. National Academies Press; 2018. 100 p.
86.
Swinburn B, Vandevijvere S, Kraak V, Sacks G, Snowdon W, Hawkes C, et al. Monitoring and benchmarking government policies and actions to improve the healthiness of food environments: A proposed Government Healthy Food Environment Policy Index. Obes Rev. 2013;14:24–37.
87.
Caspi CE, Sorensen G, Subramanian SV, Kawachi I. The local food environment and diet: A systematic review. Health Place. 2012 Sep;18(5):1172–87.
88.
Hawkes C, Smith TG, Jewell J, Wardle J, Hammond RA, Friel S, et al. Smart food policies for obesity prevention. Lancet. 2015 Jun 13;385(9985):2410–21.
89.
Turner C, Aggarwal A, Walls H, Herforth A, Drewnowski A, Coates J, et al. Concepts and critical perspectives for food environment research: A global framework with implications for action in low- and middle-income countries. Global Food Security. 2018 Sep 1;18:93–101.
90.
91.
92.
Beaulac J, Kristjansson E, Cummins S. A systematic review of food deserts, 1966-2007. Prev Chronic Dis. 2009 Jul;6(3):A105.
93.
94.
95.
Powell LM, Chaloupka FJ. Food prices and obesity: Evidence and policy implications for taxes and subsidies. Milbank Q. 2009 Mar;87(1):229–57.
96.
Powell LM, Chriqui JF, Khan T, Wada R, Chaloupka FJ. Assessing the potential effectiveness of food and beverage taxes and subsidies for improving public health: A systematic review of prices, demand and body weight outcomes. Obes Rev. 2013;14(2):110–28.
97.
98.
99.
Clements KW, Si J. Engel’s law, diet diversity, and the quality of food consumption. Am J Agric Econ. 2017;100(1):1–22.
100.
Smith LP, Ng SW, Popkin BM. Trends in US home food preparation and consumption: analysis of national nutrition surveys and time use studies from 1965–1966 to 2007–2008. Nutr J. 2013 Apr 11;12(1):45.
101.
Nord M. Food spending declined and food insecurity increased for middle-income and low-income households from 2000 to 2007. DIANE Publishing; 2009. 19 p.
102.
Grace D. Food safety in low and middle income countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Aug 27;12(9):10490–507.
103.
World Health Organization. Diet, nutrition, and the prevention of chronic diseases: Report of a joint WHO/FAO expert consultation. World Health Organization; 2003. 149 p.
104.
Jaffee S, Henson S, Unnevehr L, Grace D, Cassou E. The safe food imperative: Accelerating progress in low-and middle-income countries. The World Bank; 2018.
105.
Perry BD, Grace DC. How growing complexity of consumer choices and drivers of consumption behaviour affect demand for animal source foods. Ecohealth. 2015;12(4):703–12.
106.
Glanz K, Basil M, Maibach E, Goldberg J, Snyder D. Why Americans eat what they do: Taste, nutrition, cost, convenience, and weight control concerns as influences on food consumption. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998 Oct;98(10):1118–26.
107.
Furst T, Connors M, Bisogni CA, Sobal J, Falk LW. Food choice: A conceptual model of the process. Appetite. 1996 Jun;26(3):247–65.
108.
Bisogni CA, Connors M, Devine CM, Sobal J. Who we are and how we eat: A qualitative study of identities in food choice. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2002 May;34(3):128–39.
109.
Mazariegos S, Chacón V, Cole A, Barnoya J. Nutritional quality and marketing strategies of fast food children’s combo meals in Guatemala. BMC Obes. 2016 Dec 8;3:52.
110.
Popkin BM, Hawkes C. Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: Patterns, trends, and policy responses. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016 Feb;4(2):174–86.
111.
Hawkes C, Harris JL. An analysis of the content of food industry pledges on marketing to children. Public Health Nutr. 2011 Aug;14(8):1403–14.
112.
Cairns G, Angus K, Hastings G, Caraher M. Systematic reviews of the evidence on the nature, extent and effects of food marketing to children. A retrospective summary. Appetite. 2013 Mar;62:209–15.
113.
Pomeranz JL, Wilde P, Mozaffarian D, Micha R. Mandating front-of-package food labels in the U.S. – What are the First Amendment obstacles? Food Policy. 2019 Jun 19;101722.
114.
115.
Levy AS, Fein SB. Consumers’ ability to perform tasks using nutrition labels. J Nutr Educ. 1998;30(4):210–7.
116.
117.
118.
Pollard J, Kirk SFL, Cade JE. Factors affecting food choice in relation to fruit and vegetable intake: A review. Nutr Res Rev. 2002 Dec;15(2):373–87.
119.
Grunert KG. Food quality and safety: Consumer perception and demand. Eur Rev Agric Econ. 2005 Sep 1;32(3):369–91.
120.
Metadata
Title
Food Systems, Food Environments, and Consumer Behavior
Authors
Jessica Fanzo
Claire Davis
Copyright Year
2021
Book
Global Food Systems, Diets, and Nutrition

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-72762-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-72763-5

Copyright Year: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72763-5_2