Foundations of Data Science Based Healthcare Internet of Things

As stated by Mario Campolargo, European Commission, Belgium “Internet of Things (IoT) will boost the economy while improving our citizens’ life”. This indicates that an expansion of IoT services and products and application development will increase exponentially over coming years. IoT will play key role in smart living for every day-to-day activity. Mainly, IoT has become an integral part of every smart application which includes smart home, smart office, smart factory to smart city and smart country (Konomi and Roussos (eds) in Enriching urban spaces with ambient computing, the Internet of Things, and smart city design. IGI Global, 2016 [1];Schaller and Mueller in Int J Ambient Comput Intell (IJACI) 1:75–85, 2009 [2]). There are many definitions of IoT available in the literature coined by leaders like European Commission, AutoID Labs, Cisco Systems and Tata Consultancy Services and are as follows (Mahalle and Railkar in Identity Management for Internet of Things. River Publishers, Wharton, TX, USA, 2015 [3]; Mahalle in Identity management framework for internet of things. PhD Dissertation: Aalborg University, Denmark, 2013 [4]):

Extending IoT for healthcare domain creates lot of opportunities to improve the lifestyle of the people by replacing traditional healthcare system by smart healthcare system. The current healthcare system works on detect and treat; however, the smart healthcare system follows the methodology of prevention by proactive monitoring and if required treat by remote patient monitoring. The way data is stored and accessed to deliver intelligent seamless services to the patients, tools and techniques designed to provide proactive monitoring, mechanism to support prevention mechanism than detection mechanism enables smart preventive healthcare. Fortunately, the vision and mission of healthcare IoT is supported by all the countries globally, and the budget provision is also made available by these countries. Considering the recent example of Covid-19 pandemic, US Health Ministry has also revised the budget for applying healthcare IoT to any pandemic. This also indicates that in the coming years, there are more opportunities for investors, manufacturer, healthcare organization and healthcare IoT product designers and developers to invest more to generate better revenue.

“Big data refers to the tools, processes and procedures allowing an organization to create, manipulate, and manage very large data sets and storage facilities”—according to zdnet.com.

We live in the world where data is everywhere. Websites, your smartphone records your interest, location, profile and update at every second. There are smart gazettes which are recording your heart beats, moving pattern, sleep data and diet information. Extensive knowledge is available in this huge data, and extraction is the study of data science.

This section concludes the book and proposes the future outlook which can be explored further to initiate new research avenues.