Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Biodiversity and Conservation
Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation 3/2013

01-03-2013 | Review Paper

Gap analyses to support ex situ conservation of genetic diversity in Magnolia, a flagship group

Authors: Eduardo Cires, Yannick De Smet, Candela Cuesta, Paul Goetghebeur, Suzanne Sharrock, Douglas Gibbs, Sara Oldfield, Andrea Kramer, Marie-Stéphanie Samain

Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation | Issue 3/2013

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Worldwide about one third of all plant species is estimated to be threatened with extinction. Plants are generally under-represented in conservation. However, the global strategy for plant conservation (GSPC) sets forth 16 targets to halt the current and continuing loss of plant diversity within a framework for actions at global, regional, national and local levels. Target 8 of the GSPC directs that at least 75 % of threatened plant species be present in ex situ collections by 2020, but this target is far from being met. By analyzing where gaps in ex situ collections and research exist relative to diversity hotspots of threatened species, it is possible to identify and prioritize action. We undertake a gap analysis of ex situ collection needs in the genus Magnolia, a relatively well-known and valuable genus. Results indicate three main areas of biodiversity (China, Vietnam and Colombia) for the endangered Magnolia taxa. The present paper provides a critical overview of recent conservation activities carried out in the genus Magnolia throughout the world, focusing on genetic diversity analyses of the species.
previous article Texas water wars: how politics and scientific uncertainty influence environmental flow decision-making in the Lone Star state
next article The conservation of ground layer lichen communities in alvar grasslands and the relevance of substitution habitats

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
Azuma H, García-Franco JG, Rico-Gray V, Thien LB (2001) Molecular phylogeny of the Magnoliaceae: the biogeography of tropical and temperate disjunctions. Am J Bot 88:2275–2285PubMedCrossRef
Azuma H, Figlar RB, Del Tredici P, Camelbeke K, Palmarola-Bejerano A, Romanov MS (2011) Intraspecific sequence variation of cpDNA shows two distinct groups within Magnolia virginiana L. of eastern North America and Cuba. Castanea 76:118–123CrossRef
Bell CD, Soltis DE, Soltis PS (2010) The age and diversification of the angiosperms re-revisited. Am J Bot 97:1296–1303PubMedCrossRef
Brown AHD, Marshall DR (1995) A basic sampling strategy: theory and practice. In: Gaurino L, Ramanatha Rao V, Reid R (eds) Collecting plant genetic diversity: technical guidelines. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 75–91
Chen S-Y, Han Y, Wu T, Fu Y-P, Sima Y-K, Hao J-B (2010) Genetic diversity of endangered species Manglietia grandis detected by inter simple sequence repeat markers. J Fujian Coll For 30(1):1–13
Chen H-F, Zhang R-J, Zhou J-S, Xing F-W, Zeng Q-W (2011) Distribution and conservation strategy of endangered Parakmeria lotungensis. Plant Sci J 1(4):452–458
Chien PD, Zuidema PA, Nghia NH (2008) Conservation prospects for threatened Vietnamese tree species: results from a demographic study. Popul Ecol 50(2):227–237CrossRef
Cicuzza D, Newton A, Oldfield S (2007) The Red List of Magnoliaceae. Fauna & Flora International, Cambridge
Figlar RB, Nooteboom HP (2004) Notes on Magnoliaceae IV. Blumea 49(1):87–100CrossRef
Frodin D, Govaerts R (1996) World checklist and bibliography of Magnoliaceae. Kew, Richmond, UK
Fu LG, Jin JM (1992) China plant red data book: rare and endangered plants, vol 1. Science, Beijing
Guerrant EO Jr, Havens K, Maunder M (eds) (2004) Ex situ plant conservation: supporting species survival in the wild. Island, Washington, DC
Gutierrez L, Vovides AP (1997) An in situ study of Magnolia dealbata Zucc in Veracruz State: an endangered endemic tree of Mexico. Biodivers Conserv 6(1):89–97CrossRef
Hahm ER, Arlotti JA, Marynowski SW, Singh SV (2008) Honokiol, a constituent of oriental medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, Inhibits growth of PC-3 xenografts in vivo in association with apoptosis induction. Clin Cancer Res 14:1248–1257PubMedCrossRef
Han CY, Long CL (2010) Dormancy, germination and storage of Magnolia ingrata seeds. Seed Sci Technol 38(1):252–256
He J, Chen L, Si Y, Huang B, Ban X, Wang Y (2009) Population structure and genetic diversity distribution in wild and cultivated populations of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba (Magnoliaceae). Genetica 135(2):233–243PubMedCrossRef
Isagi Y, Kanazashi T, Suzuki W, Tanaka H, Abe T (1999) Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for Magnolia obovata Thunb. and their utility in related species. Mol Ecol 8:698–700PubMed
Isagi Y, Kanazashi T, Suzuki W, Tanaka H, Abe T (2000) Microsatellite analysis of the regeneration process of Magnolia obovata Thunb. Heredity 84(2):143–151PubMedCrossRef
Isagi Y, Kanazashi T, Suzuki W, Tanaka H, Abe T (2004) Highly variable pollination patterns in Magnolia obovata revealed by microsatellite paternity analysis. Int J Plant Sci 165:1047–1053CrossRef
Isagi Y, Tateno R, Matsuki Y, Hirao A, Watanabe S, Shibata M (2007) Genetic and reproductive consequences of forest fragmentation for populations of Magnolia obovata. Ecol Res 22:382–389CrossRef
Jingmin J, Huajing T, Jinling Y, Qifu L, Zifeng T (2005) Genetic diversity of Michelia chapensis dandy populations. For Res 18(2):109–113
Kell SP, Maxted N, Frese L, Iriondo JM (2011) In situ conservation of crop wild relatives: a strategy for identifying priority genetic reserve sites. In: Maxted N, Dulloo ME, Ford‐Lloyd BV, Frese L, Iriondo JM, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (eds) Agrobiodiversity conservation: securing the diversity of crop wild relatives and landraces. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 7–19
Keller T, Korn H, Schmid H, Weisser CF (2002) Chances and limitations of ex situ conservation of species and genetic diversity on a global perspective. Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster
Kikuchi S, Isagi Y (2002) Microsatellite genetic variation in small and isolated populations of Magnolia sieboldii ssp. japonica. Heredity 88(4):313–321PubMedCrossRef
Kim S, Park CW, Kim YD, Suh Y (2001) Phylogenetic relationships in family Magnoliaceae inferred from ndhF sequences. Am J Bot 88(4):717–728PubMedCrossRef
Kozlowski G, Gibbs D, Fun H, Frey D, Gratzfeld J (2012) Conservation of threatened relict trees through living ex situ collections: lessons from the global survey of the genus Zelkova (Ulmaceae). Biodivers Conserv 21:671–685CrossRef
Kramer A, Hird A, Shaw K, Dosmann M, Mims R (2011) Conserving North America’s threatened plants: progress report on Target 8 of the global strategy for plant conservation. Botanic gardens conservation international U.S., Glencoe, IL. www.​bgci.​org/​usa/​makeyourcollecti​onscount. Accessed 22 Aug 2012
Lauterbach D, Burkart M, Gemeinholzer B (2012) Rapid genetic differentiation between ex situ and their in situ source populations: an example of the endangered Silene otites (Caryophyllaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 168:64–75CrossRef
Li J, Conran JG (2003) Phylogenetic relationships in Magnoliaceae subfam. Magnolioideae: a morphological cladistic analysis. Plant Syst Evol 242:33–47CrossRef
Liao WF, Xia NH, Deng YF, Zheng QY (2004) Study on genetic diversity of Manglietia decidua (Magnoliaceae). Acta Bot Yunnanica 26(1):58–64
Lin TP (2001) Allozyme variations in Michelia formosana (Kanehira) Masamune (Magnoliaceae), and the inference of a glacial refugium in Taiwan. Theor Appl Genet 102(2/3):450–457CrossRef
Lin Y, Zeng L, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Tang S (2011) Development of microsatellite markers in Kmeria septentrionalis (Magnoliaceae), an endangered Chinese tree. Am J Bot 98(6):E158–E160PubMedCrossRef
Liu D, Chu L, Yang Y (2004) Genetic diversity of rare and endangered plant Magnolia amoena. Chin J Appl Ecol 15(7):1139–1142
López-A DM, Brian BC, Bedoya G (2008) Genetic structure in remnant populations of an endangered Andean Magnolia. Biotropica 40(3):375–379CrossRef
Lu SY, Hong KH, Liu SL, Cheng YP, Wu WL, Chiang TY (2002) Genetic variation and population differentiation of Michelia formosana (Magnoliaceae) based on cpDNA variation and RAPD fingerprints: relevance to post-Pleistocene recolonization. J Plant Res 115(3):203–216PubMedCrossRef
Maxted N, Kell SP, Toledo A, Dulloo ME, Heywood V, Hodgkin T, Hunter D, Guarino L, Jarvis A, Ford-Lloyd BV (2010) A global approach to crop wild relative conservation: securing the gene pool for food and agriculture. Kew Bull 65:561–576CrossRef
May T (2001) Estructura poblacional y reproducción natural de diez especies de un bosque nublado en República Dominicana. Rev For Centroam 35:45–49
Namoff S, Husby C, Noblick L, Francisco-Ortega J, Lewis CE, Griffith MP (2010) How well does a botanical garden collection of a rare palm capture the genetic variation in a wild population? Biol Conserv 143:1110–1117CrossRef
Newton AC, Gow J, Robertson A, Williams-Linera G, Ramírez-Marcial N, González-Espinosa M, Allnutt TR, Ennos R (2008) Genetic variation in two rare endemic Mexican trees, Magnolia sharpii and Magnolia schiedeana. Silvae Genet 57:348–356
Nie ZL, Wen J, Azuma H, Qiu YL, Sun H, Meng Y, Sun WB, Zimmer EA (2008) Phylogenetic and biogeographic complexity of Magnoliaceae in the northern hemisphere inferred from three nuclear data sets. Mol Phylogenetics Evol 48(3):1027–1040CrossRef
Pitman NCA, Jorgensen PM (2002) Estimating the size of the world’s threatened flora. Science 298:989PubMedCrossRef
Pritchard DJ, Fa JA, Oldfield S, Harrop SR (2012) Bring the captive closer to the wild: redefining the role of ex situ conservation. Oryx 46:18–23CrossRef
Qian H, Ricklefs RE (2000) Large-scale processes and the Asian bias in species diversity of températe plants. Nature 407:180–182PubMedCrossRef
Qiu Y-L, Parks CR (1994) Disparity of allozyme variation levels in three Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) species from the southeastern United States. Am J Bot 81(10):1300–1308CrossRef
Rucinska A, Puchalski J (2011) Comparative molecular studies on the genetic diversity of an ex situ garden collection and its source population of the critically endangered Polish endemic plant Cochlearia polonica E. Fröhlich. Biodivers Conserv 20:401–413CrossRef
Samain MS, Cires E (2012) Plants for the future—a future for our planet. Towards a protocol for genetic management of ex situ living plant collections. BGJournal 9:3–6
Sánchez-Velásquez LR, Pineda-Lopez MR (2006) Species diversity, structure and dynamics of two populations of an endangered species, Magnolia dealbata (Magnoliaceae). Rev Biol Trop 54(3):997–1002PubMed
Sánchez-Velásquez LR, Pineda-Lopez MR (2010) Comparative demographic analysis in contrasting environments of Magnolia dealbata: an endangered species from Mexico. Popul Ecol 52(1):203–210CrossRef
Setsuko S, Ishida K, Tomaru N (2004) Size distribution and genetic structure in relation to clonal growth within a population of Magnolia tomentosa Thunb. (Magnoliaceae). Mol Ecol 13:2645–2653PubMedCrossRef
Setsuko S, Ueno S, Tsumura Y, Tomaru N (2005) Development of microsatellite markers in Magnolia stellata (Magnoliaceae), a threatened Japanese tree. Conserv Genet 6:317–320CrossRef
Setsuko S, Ishida K, Ueno S, Tsumura Y, Tomaru N (2007) Population differentiation and gene flow within a metapopulation of a threatened tree, Magnolia stellata (Magnoliaceae). Am J Bot 94(1):128–136PubMedCrossRef
Sharrock S, Jones M (2011) Saving Europe’s threatened flora: progress towards GSPC Target 8 in Europe. Biodiversity Conserv 20:325–333CrossRef
Sharrock S, Hird A, Kramer A, Oldfield S (2010) (Comp), Saving plants, saving the planet: botanic Gardens and the implementation of GSPC Target 8. BGCI, Richmond
Sun Y, Liu YF, Wang J, Guo Y, Huang HW (2010) Ten polymorphic microsatellite markers in Michelia maudiae (Magnoliaceae). Am J Bot 97(12):E157–E158PubMedCrossRef
Tamaki I, Setsuko S, Tomaru N (2008) Genetic variation and differentiation in populations of a threatened tree, Magnolia stellata: factors influencing the level of within-population genetic variation. Heredity 100(4):415–423PubMedCrossRef
Tang CQ, He L-Y, Gao Z, Zhao XF, Sun WB, Ohsawa M (2011) Habitat fragmentation, degradation, and population status of endangered Michelia coriacea in southeastern Yunnan, China. Mt Res Dev 31(4):343–350CrossRef
Ueno S, Setsuko S, Kawahara T, Yoshimaru H (2005) Genetic diversity and differentiation of the endangered Japanese endemic tree Magnolia stellata using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers. Conserv Genet 6(4):563–574CrossRef
Wang J-W, Zhang G-F, Chen H-Y (2008) Population pattern and community characteristics of endemic and rare plant Magnolia zenii in Baohuashan National forest park. Guihaia 28:489–494
Xiang C-Hu, Zhu X-Z, Zhang H, Qiu D-H (2009) Genetic diversity of endangered plant Michelia wilsonii. J Northwest For Univ 5:66–69
Yu H-H, Yang Z-L, Sun B, Liu R-N (2011) Genetic diversity and relationship of endangered plant Magnolia officinalis (Magnoliaceae) assessed with ISSR polymorphisms. Biochem Syst Ecol 39(2):71–78CrossRef
Zhang XM, Wen J, Dao ZL, Motley TJ, Long CL (2010) Genetic variation and conservation assessment of Chinese populations of Magnolia cathcartii (Magnoliaceae), a rare evergreen tree from the south-central China hotspot in the eastern Himalayas. J Plant Res 123(3):321–331PubMedCrossRef
Zhao X-F, Sun W-B, Yang J-B, Meng J (2009) Isolation and characterization of 12 microsatellite loci for Michelia coriacea (Magnoliaceae), a critically endangered endemic to southeast Yunnan, China. Conserv Genet 10(5):1583–1585CrossRef
Zhao JL, He T, Li QM (2010) Contrasting coarse and fine scale genetic structure among isolated relic populations of Kmeria septentrionalis. Genetica 138(9–10):939–944PubMedCrossRef
Zhao X, Ma Y, Sun W, Wen X, Milne R (2012) High genetic diversity and low differentiation of Michelia coriacea (Magnoliaceae), a critically endangered endemic in southeast Yunnan, China. Int J Mol Sci 13(4):4396–4411PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Gap analyses to support ex situ conservation of genetic diversity in Magnolia, a flagship group
Authors
Eduardo Cires
Yannick De Smet
Candela Cuesta
Paul Goetghebeur
Suzanne Sharrock
Douglas Gibbs
Sara Oldfield
Andrea Kramer
Marie-Stéphanie Samain
Publication date
01-03-2013
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Biodiversity and Conservation / Issue 3/2013
Print ISSN: 0960-3115
Electronic ISSN: 1572-9710
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-013-0450-3

Other articles of this Issue 3/2013

Biodiversity and Conservation 3/2013 Go to the issue

Original Paper

Evaluating hill prairie quality in the Midwestern United States using Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera) and vascular plants: a case study in implementing grassland conservation planning and management

Review Paper

Texas water wars: how politics and scientific uncertainty influence environmental flow decision-making in the Lone Star state

Brief Communication

Conserving plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP) in China

Original Paper

Rapid response of Orthoptera to restoration of montane heathland

Original Paper

A functional classification of herbaceous hedgerow vegetation for setting restoration objectives

Original Paper

Distribution, ecology and morphology of Lytocarpia myriophyllum (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), a Mediterranean Sea habitat former to protect