Skip to main content
Top

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Gaze-Dependent Screen Space Ambient Occlusion

Author : Radosław Mantiuk

Published in: Computer Vision and Graphics

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The screen space ambient occlusion (SSAO) is a fast global illumination technique, which approximates interreflections between rendered objects. Due to its simplicity, it is often implemented in commercial computer games. However, despite the fact that SSAO calculations take a few milliseconds per frame, a significant computation load is added to the total rendering time. In this work we propose a technique, which accelerates the SSAO calculations using information about observer’s gaze direction captured by the eye tracker. The screen region surrounding the observer’s gaze position is rendered with maximum quality, which is reduced gradually for higher eccentricities. The SSAO quality is varying by changing the number of samples that are used to approximate the SSAO occlusion shadows. The reduced sampling results in almost two-fold acceleration of SSAO with negligible deterioration of the image quality.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Footnotes
1
The Stanford dragon is a test model created with a Cyberware 3030 Model Shop (MS) Color 3D Scanner at Stanford University (100040 triangles).
 
2
The Sibenik cathedral is a project by Marko Dabrovic (www.​RNA.​HR, 80841 triangles).
 
Literature
1.
go back to reference Akenine-Möller, T., Haines, E., Hoffman, N.: Real-Time Rendering, 3rd edn. A. K. Peters Ltd., Natick (2008) Akenine-Möller, T., Haines, E., Hoffman, N.: Real-Time Rendering, 3rd edn. A. K. Peters Ltd., Natick (2008)
2.
go back to reference Barten, P.G.J.: Contrast Sensitivity of the Human Eye and Its Effects on Iimage Quality. SPIE Press, Bellingham (1999)CrossRef Barten, P.G.J.: Contrast Sensitivity of the Human Eye and Its Effects on Iimage Quality. SPIE Press, Bellingham (1999)CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Bunnell, M.: Dynamic ambient occlusion and indirect lighting. In: GPU Gems 2. Addison Wesley (2005) Bunnell, M.: Dynamic ambient occlusion and indirect lighting. In: GPU Gems 2. Addison Wesley (2005)
5.
go back to reference Eli Peli, J.Y., Goldstein, R.B.: Image invariance with changes in size: the role of peripheral contrast thresholds. JOSA A 8(11), 1762 (1991)CrossRef Eli Peli, J.Y., Goldstein, R.B.: Image invariance with changes in size: the role of peripheral contrast thresholds. JOSA A 8(11), 1762 (1991)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Guenter, B., Finch, M., Drucker, S., Tan, D., Snyder, J.: Foveated 3D graphics. ACM Trans. Graph. 31(6), 164:1–164:10 (2012)CrossRef Guenter, B., Finch, M., Drucker, S., Tan, D., Snyder, J.: Foveated 3D graphics. ACM Trans. Graph. 31(6), 164:1–164:10 (2012)CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Hegeman, K., Premoze, S., Ashikhmin, M., Drettakis, G.: Approximate ambient occlusion for trees. In: Proceedings of ACM Symposium in Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (I3D 2006), pp. 41–48 (2006) Hegeman, K., Premoze, S., Ashikhmin, M., Drettakis, G.: Approximate ambient occlusion for trees. In: Proceedings of ACM Symposium in Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (I3D 2006), pp. 41–48 (2006)
8.
go back to reference Loschky, L.C., McConkie, G.W., Yang, J., Miller, M.E.: The limits of visual resolution in natural scene viewing. Vis. Cogn. 12, 1057–1092 (2005)CrossRef Loschky, L.C., McConkie, G.W., Yang, J., Miller, M.E.: The limits of visual resolution in natural scene viewing. Vis. Cogn. 12, 1057–1092 (2005)CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Mantiuk, R.: Gaze-dependent tone mapping for HDR video. In: Chalmers, A., Campisi, P., Shirley, P., Olaizola, I. (eds.) High Dynamic Range Video Concepts, Technologies and Applications, vol. 10, pp. 189–199. Academic Press (2016) Mantiuk, R.: Gaze-dependent tone mapping for HDR video. In: Chalmers, A., Campisi, P., Shirley, P., Olaizola, I. (eds.) High Dynamic Range Video Concepts, Technologies and Applications, vol. 10, pp. 189–199. Academic Press (2016)
14.
go back to reference Mantiuk, R.K., Tomaszewska, A., Mantiuk, R.: Comparison of four subjective methods for image quality assessment. Comput. Graph. Forum 31(8), 2478–2491 (2012)CrossRef Mantiuk, R.K., Tomaszewska, A., Mantiuk, R.: Comparison of four subjective methods for image quality assessment. Comput. Graph. Forum 31(8), 2478–2491 (2012)CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Mittring, M.: Finding next gen-cryengine 2. In: SIGGRAPH 2007 Advanced Real-Time Rendering in 3D Graphics and Games Course Notes (2007) Mittring, M.: Finding next gen-cryengine 2. In: SIGGRAPH 2007 Advanced Real-Time Rendering in 3D Graphics and Games Course Notes (2007)
16.
go back to reference Murphy, H.A., Duchowski, A.T., Tyrrell, R.A.: Hybrid image/model-based gaze-contingent rendering. ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. (TAP) 5(4), 22 (2009)CrossRef Murphy, H.A., Duchowski, A.T., Tyrrell, R.A.: Hybrid image/model-based gaze-contingent rendering. ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. (TAP) 5(4), 22 (2009)CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Salvucci, D.D., Goldberg, J.H.: Identifying fixations and saccades in eye-tracking protocols. In: Proceedings of the 2000 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA), New York, pp. 71–78 (2000) Salvucci, D.D., Goldberg, J.H.: Identifying fixations and saccades in eye-tracking protocols. In: Proceedings of the 2000 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA), New York, pp. 71–78 (2000)
18.
go back to reference SMI: RED250 Technical Specification, sensoMotoric Instruments GmbH (2009) SMI: RED250 Technical Specification, sensoMotoric Instruments GmbH (2009)
19.
go back to reference Stengel, M., Magnor, M.: Gaze-contingent computational displays: boosting perceptual fidelity. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 33(5), 139–148 (2016)CrossRef Stengel, M., Magnor, M.: Gaze-contingent computational displays: boosting perceptual fidelity. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 33(5), 139–148 (2016)CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Vardis, K., Papaioannou, G., Gaitatzes, A.: Multi-view ambient occlusion with importance sampling. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, I3D 2013, pp. 111–118 (2013) Vardis, K., Papaioannou, G., Gaitatzes, A.: Multi-view ambient occlusion with importance sampling. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, I3D 2013, pp. 111–118 (2013)
21.
go back to reference Yang, J., Coia, T., Miller, M.: Subjective evaluation of retinal-dependent image degradations. In: Proceedings of PICS 2001: Image Processing, Image Quality, Image Capture Systems, pp. 142–147. Society for Imaging Science and Technology (2001) Yang, J., Coia, T., Miller, M.: Subjective evaluation of retinal-dependent image degradations. In: Proceedings of PICS 2001: Image Processing, Image Quality, Image Capture Systems, pp. 142–147. Society for Imaging Science and Technology (2001)
22.
go back to reference Yang, J., Qi, X., Makous, W.: Zero frequency masking and a model of contrast sensitivity. Vis. Res. 35, 1965 (1995)CrossRef Yang, J., Qi, X., Makous, W.: Zero frequency masking and a model of contrast sensitivity. Vis. Res. 35, 1965 (1995)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Gaze-Dependent Screen Space Ambient Occlusion
Author
Radosław Mantiuk
Copyright Year
2018
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00692-1_2

Premium Partner