Green polymer-based harvesting of microalgae cultivated using nanourea as a nitrogen source and its subsequent usage for bioethanol production

The article presents a groundbreaking study on the cultivation of microalgae using nanourea as a nitrogen source, which significantly enhances biomass yield. This innovative approach addresses the challenges associated with traditional nitrogen sources, such as ammonium toxicity and environmental impact. The research also introduces a novel, eco-friendly flocculant synthesized from L-arginine and guar gum, which achieves high flocculation efficiency with minimal environmental footprint. This flocculant, when supplemented with a small amount of FeCl₃, further improves the harvesting process, making it a sustainable solution for microalgal biomass recovery. Additionally, the study explores the production of bioethanol from microalgal biomass through microwave-assisted organic acid pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification. This method yields high ethanol production with minimal inhibitory effects, making it a promising approach for sustainable biofuel production. The article provides a detailed analysis of the biochemical composition of microalgae cultivated with nanourea, highlighting the potential for high carbohydrate and lipid content, which are crucial for bioethanol and biodiesel production. The findings underscore the importance of integrating sustainable practices in microalgae cultivation and processing, offering a pathway to a more environmentally friendly and economically viable biofuel industry.