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Published in: Journal of Nanoparticle Research 11/2022

01-11-2022 | Review

Hierarchical phase separation in all small-molecule organic solar cells

Authors: Muhammad Junaid Iqbal, Jianqi Zhang, Zhixiang Wei

Published in: Journal of Nanoparticle Research | Issue 11/2022

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Abstract

Solution processable small-molecule organic solar cells have progressed a lot in terms of donor and acceptor materials, device architectures, fabrication techniques, and optimization methodologies which have enabled credible performance gains. The hierarchical active layer morphology is one such strategy that has led to significant performance gains by overcoming the earlier systems’ shortcomings and providing an optimized active layer morphology with features well within the confines of the excitonic diffusion length (LD) (5–30 nm). Multi-length scale domains, lateral and vertical phase separation, and interconnected network-like charge transport pathways are some of the key morphological features that lead to enhanced open-circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and in turn, greater power conversion efficiencies. This has furthered our understanding of the relationship between morphology and the charge generation, transport, disassociation, and extraction processes. In this review, we summarize the efforts concentrated on achieving such optimized hierarchical morphologies in binary and ternary small molecule-based organic solar cells and provide insights into the relationship between performance and morphology.
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Metadata
Title
Hierarchical phase separation in all small-molecule organic solar cells
Authors
Muhammad Junaid Iqbal
Jianqi Zhang
Zhixiang Wei
Publication date
01-11-2022
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Journal of Nanoparticle Research / Issue 11/2022
Print ISSN: 1388-0764
Electronic ISSN: 1572-896X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05568-3

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