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Published in:
2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
11. Hot and Cold Weather Concreting
Author : Akhtar Surahyo
Published in: Concrete Construction
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
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Abstract
Weather conditions greatly affect concrete quality. The temperature of the air, humidity level, wind speed, and temperatures of the surface where concrete is to be placed, all play an important role in the quality of concrete and must be taken into consideration.
In general, due to high temperature, the evaporation of water from the mix takes place that results in loss of workability and higher plastic shrinkage. The early setting due to high temperature results in greater difficulty with handling, compacting, and finishing of concrete. On the other hand, the fresh concrete with low temperatures starts freezing due to which the mixing water converts to ice resulting in an increase in the overall volume of the concrete. As no water is then left for chemical reaction, the setting and hardening of concrete are delayed, and concrete produced will be of low strength. Hence proper protections are vital, when concrete is placed in abnormal weather conditions either hot or cold.
This chapter describes concreting procedures in extreme hot and cold weather conditions, their adverse effects, and protective measures to achieve specified concrete strength in light of various international standards of practice.