Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 4/2017

20-03-2017

Hot Deformation Behavior and Intrinsic Workability of Carbon Nanotube-Aluminum Reinforced ZA27 Composites

Authors: Yang Liu, Cong Geng, Yunke Zhu, Jinfeng Peng, Junrui Xu

Published in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance | Issue 4/2017

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Using a controlled thermal simulator system, hybrid carbon nanotube-aluminum reinforced ZA27 composites were subjected to hot compression testing in the temperature range of 473-523 K with strain rates of 0.01-10 s−1. Based on experimental results, a developed-flow stress model was established using a constitutive equation coupled with strain to describe strain softening arising from dynamic recrystallization. The intrinsic workability was further investigated by constructing three-dimensional (3D) processing maps aided by optical observations of microstructures. The 3D processing maps were constructed based on a dynamic model of materials to delineate variations in the efficiency of power dissipation and flow instability domains. The instability domains exhibited adiabatic shear band and flow localization, which need to be prevented during hot processing. The recommended domain is predicated to be within the temperature range 550-590 K and strain rate range 0.01-0.35 s−1. In this state, the main softening mechanism is dynamic recrystallization. The results from processing maps agree well with the microstructure observations.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Y. Liu, H.Y. Li, H.F. Jiang, and X.J. Su, Artificial Neural Network Modelling to Predict Hot Deformation Behaviour of Zinc-Aluminium Alloy, Mater. Sci. Tech. -Lond., 2013, 29, p 184–189CrossRef Y. Liu, H.Y. Li, H.F. Jiang, and X.J. Su, Artificial Neural Network Modelling to Predict Hot Deformation Behaviour of Zinc-Aluminium Alloy, Mater. Sci. Tech. -Lond., 2013, 29, p 184–189CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Y. Liu, H.Y. Li, H.F. Jiang, and X.C. Lu, Effects of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZA27 Alloy, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2013, 23, p 642–649CrossRef Y. Liu, H.Y. Li, H.F. Jiang, and X.C. Lu, Effects of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZA27 Alloy, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2013, 23, p 642–649CrossRef
3.
go back to reference J.H. Wang, J.F. Huang, X.P. Su, and C.J. Wu, Effect of Reverse Modification of Al-5Ti-B Master Alloy on Hypoeutectic ZnAl4Y Alloy, Mater. Des., 2012, 38, p 133–138CrossRef J.H. Wang, J.F. Huang, X.P. Su, and C.J. Wu, Effect of Reverse Modification of Al-5Ti-B Master Alloy on Hypoeutectic ZnAl4Y Alloy, Mater. Des., 2012, 38, p 133–138CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Y.H. Zhu, S. To, X.M. Liu, and G.L. Hu, Effect of Static Electropulsing on Microstructure and Elongation of a Zn-Al Alloy (ZA22), Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2011, 42, p 1933–1940CrossRef Y.H. Zhu, S. To, X.M. Liu, and G.L. Hu, Effect of Static Electropulsing on Microstructure and Elongation of a Zn-Al Alloy (ZA22), Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2011, 42, p 1933–1940CrossRef
5.
go back to reference A.M.K. Esawi, K. Morsi, A. Sayed, M. Taher, and S. Lanka, Effect of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Content on the Mechanical Properties of CNT-Reinforced Aluminium Composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2010, 70, p 2237–2241CrossRef A.M.K. Esawi, K. Morsi, A. Sayed, M. Taher, and S. Lanka, Effect of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Content on the Mechanical Properties of CNT-Reinforced Aluminium Composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2010, 70, p 2237–2241CrossRef
6.
go back to reference H.J. Choi, J.H. Shin, and D.H. Bae, Grain Size Effect on the Strengthening Behavior of Aluminum-Based Composites Containing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, 71, p 1699–1705CrossRef H.J. Choi, J.H. Shin, and D.H. Bae, Grain Size Effect on the Strengthening Behavior of Aluminum-Based Composites Containing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, 71, p 1699–1705CrossRef
7.
go back to reference H.J. Choi, G.B. Kwon, G.Y. Lee, and D.H. Bae, Reinforcement with Carbon Nanotubes in Aluminum Matrix Composites, Scr. Mater., 2008, 59, p 360–363CrossRef H.J. Choi, G.B. Kwon, G.Y. Lee, and D.H. Bae, Reinforcement with Carbon Nanotubes in Aluminum Matrix Composites, Scr. Mater., 2008, 59, p 360–363CrossRef
8.
go back to reference C.S. Goh, J. Wei, L.C. Lee, and M. Gupta, Ductility Improvement and Fatigue Studies in Mg-CNT Nanocomposites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2008, 68, p 1432–1439CrossRef C.S. Goh, J. Wei, L.C. Lee, and M. Gupta, Ductility Improvement and Fatigue Studies in Mg-CNT Nanocomposites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2008, 68, p 1432–1439CrossRef
9.
go back to reference B.M. Praveen, T.V. Venkatesha, Y.N. Arthoba, and K. Prashantha, Corrosion Studies of Carbon Nanotubes-Zn Composite Coating, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 201, p 5836–5842CrossRef B.M. Praveen, T.V. Venkatesha, Y.N. Arthoba, and K. Prashantha, Corrosion Studies of Carbon Nanotubes-Zn Composite Coating, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 201, p 5836–5842CrossRef
10.
go back to reference M.H. Naia, J. Wei, and M. Gupta, Interface Tailoring to Enhance Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Magnesium Composites, Mater. Des., 2014, 60, p 490–495CrossRef M.H. Naia, J. Wei, and M. Gupta, Interface Tailoring to Enhance Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Magnesium Composites, Mater. Des., 2014, 60, p 490–495CrossRef
11.
go back to reference M.K. Habibia, M. Paramsothy, A.M.S. Hamouda, and M. Gupta, Using Integrated Hybrid (Al + CNT) Reinforcement to Simultaneously Enhance Strength and Ductility of Magnesium, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, 71, p 734–741CrossRef M.K. Habibia, M. Paramsothy, A.M.S. Hamouda, and M. Gupta, Using Integrated Hybrid (Al + CNT) Reinforcement to Simultaneously Enhance Strength and Ductility of Magnesium, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, 71, p 734–741CrossRef
12.
go back to reference M.K. Habibia, A.M.S. Hamouda, and M. Gupta, Enhancing Tensile and Compressive Strength of Magnesium Using Ball Milled Al + CNT Reinforcement, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2012, 72, p 290–298CrossRef M.K. Habibia, A.M.S. Hamouda, and M. Gupta, Enhancing Tensile and Compressive Strength of Magnesium Using Ball Milled Al + CNT Reinforcement, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2012, 72, p 290–298CrossRef
13.
go back to reference D.X. Wen, Y.C. Lin, J. Chen, J. Deng, X.M. Chen, J.L. Zhang, and M. He, Effects of Initial Aging Time on Processing Map and Microstructures of a Nickel-Based Superalloy, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2015, 620, p 319–332CrossRef D.X. Wen, Y.C. Lin, J. Chen, J. Deng, X.M. Chen, J.L. Zhang, and M. He, Effects of Initial Aging Time on Processing Map and Microstructures of a Nickel-Based Superalloy, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2015, 620, p 319–332CrossRef
14.
go back to reference D.G. He, Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen, J. Chen, D.X. Wen, and X.M. Chen, Effect of Pre-treatment on Hot Deformation Behavior and Processing Map of an Aged Nickel-Based Superalloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 649, p 1075–1084CrossRef D.G. He, Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen, J. Chen, D.X. Wen, and X.M. Chen, Effect of Pre-treatment on Hot Deformation Behavior and Processing Map of an Aged Nickel-Based Superalloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 649, p 1075–1084CrossRef
15.
go back to reference D. Samantaray, S. Mandal, A.K. Bhaduri, S. Venugopal, and P.V. Sivaprasad, Analysis and Mathematical Modelling of Elevated Temperature Flow Behaviour of Austenitic Stainless Steels, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2011, 528, p 1937–1943CrossRef D. Samantaray, S. Mandal, A.K. Bhaduri, S. Venugopal, and P.V. Sivaprasad, Analysis and Mathematical Modelling of Elevated Temperature Flow Behaviour of Austenitic Stainless Steels, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2011, 528, p 1937–1943CrossRef
16.
go back to reference A. Mazahery and M.O. Shabani, Mechanical Properties of Squeeze Cast A356 Composites Reinforced with B4C Particulates, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2011, 21, p 247–252CrossRef A. Mazahery and M.O. Shabani, Mechanical Properties of Squeeze Cast A356 Composites Reinforced with B4C Particulates, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2011, 21, p 247–252CrossRef
17.
go back to reference S. Gangolu, A.G. Rao, N. Prabhu, V.P. Deshmukh, and B.P. Kashyap, Hot Workability and Flow Characteristics of Aluminum-5 wt.% B4C Composite, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2014, 23, p 1366–1373CrossRef S. Gangolu, A.G. Rao, N. Prabhu, V.P. Deshmukh, and B.P. Kashyap, Hot Workability and Flow Characteristics of Aluminum-5 wt.% B4C Composite, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2014, 23, p 1366–1373CrossRef
18.
go back to reference F. Mohammadi Shore, M. Morakabati, S.M. Abbasi, and A. Momeni, Hot Deformation Behavior of Incoloy 901 Through Hot Tensile Testing, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2014, 23, p 1424–1433CrossRef F. Mohammadi Shore, M. Morakabati, S.M. Abbasi, and A. Momeni, Hot Deformation Behavior of Incoloy 901 Through Hot Tensile Testing, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2014, 23, p 1424–1433CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin, K.K. Li, H.B. Li, J. Chen, X.M. Chen, and D.X. Wen, New Constitutive Model for High-Temperature Deformation Behavior of Inconel 718 Superalloy, Mater. Des., 2015, 74, p 108–118CrossRef Y.C. Lin, K.K. Li, H.B. Li, J. Chen, X.M. Chen, and D.X. Wen, New Constitutive Model for High-Temperature Deformation Behavior of Inconel 718 Superalloy, Mater. Des., 2015, 74, p 108–118CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin, X.M. Chen, D.X. Wen, and M.S. Chen, A Physically-Based Constitutive Model for a Typical Nickel-Based Superalloy, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2014, 83, p 282–289CrossRef Y.C. Lin, X.M. Chen, D.X. Wen, and M.S. Chen, A Physically-Based Constitutive Model for a Typical Nickel-Based Superalloy, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2014, 83, p 282–289CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin, D.X. Wen, Y.C. Huang, X.M. Chen, and X.W. Chen, A Unified Physically-Based Constitutive Model for Describing Strain Hardening Effect and Dynamic Recovery Behavior of a Ni-Based Superalloy, J. Mater. Res., 2015, 30, p 3784–3794CrossRef Y.C. Lin, D.X. Wen, Y.C. Huang, X.M. Chen, and X.W. Chen, A Unified Physically-Based Constitutive Model for Describing Strain Hardening Effect and Dynamic Recovery Behavior of a Ni-Based Superalloy, J. Mater. Res., 2015, 30, p 3784–3794CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Y.V.R.K. Prasad, H.L. Gegel, S.M. Doraivelu, J.C. Malas, J.T. Morgan, K.A. Lark, and D.R. Barker, Modeling of Dynamic Material Behavior in Hot Deformation: Forging of Ti-6242, Metall. Trans. A, 1984, 15, p 1883–1892CrossRef Y.V.R.K. Prasad, H.L. Gegel, S.M. Doraivelu, J.C. Malas, J.T. Morgan, K.A. Lark, and D.R. Barker, Modeling of Dynamic Material Behavior in Hot Deformation: Forging of Ti-6242, Metall. Trans. A, 1984, 15, p 1883–1892CrossRef
23.
go back to reference J.Q. Li, J. Liu, and Z.S. Cui, Characterization of Hot Deformation Behavior of Extruded ZK60 Magnesium Alloy Using 3D Processing Maps, Mater. Des., 2014, 56, p 889–897CrossRef J.Q. Li, J. Liu, and Z.S. Cui, Characterization of Hot Deformation Behavior of Extruded ZK60 Magnesium Alloy Using 3D Processing Maps, Mater. Des., 2014, 56, p 889–897CrossRef
24.
go back to reference J. Liu, Z.S. Cui, and C.X. Li, Analysis of Metal Workability by Integration of FEM and 3-D Processing Maps, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2008, 205, p 497–505CrossRef J. Liu, Z.S. Cui, and C.X. Li, Analysis of Metal Workability by Integration of FEM and 3-D Processing Maps, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2008, 205, p 497–505CrossRef
25.
go back to reference P. Zhang, F. Li, and Q. Wan, Constitutive Equation and Processing Map for Hot Deformation of SiC Particles Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2010, 19, p 1290–1297CrossRef P. Zhang, F. Li, and Q. Wan, Constitutive Equation and Processing Map for Hot Deformation of SiC Particles Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2010, 19, p 1290–1297CrossRef
26.
go back to reference S.S. Zhou, K.K. Deng, J.C. Li, K.B. Nie, F.J. Xu, H.F. Zhou, and J.F. Fan, Hot Deformation Behavior and Workability Characteristics of Bimodal size SiCp/AZ91 Magnesium Matrix Composite with Processing Map, Mater. Des., 2014, 64, p 177–184CrossRef S.S. Zhou, K.K. Deng, J.C. Li, K.B. Nie, F.J. Xu, H.F. Zhou, and J.F. Fan, Hot Deformation Behavior and Workability Characteristics of Bimodal size SiCp/AZ91 Magnesium Matrix Composite with Processing Map, Mater. Des., 2014, 64, p 177–184CrossRef
27.
go back to reference C. Zener and J.H. Hollomon, Effect of Strain Rate upon Plastic Flow of Steel, J. Appl. Phys., 1944, 15, p 22–32CrossRef C. Zener and J.H. Hollomon, Effect of Strain Rate upon Plastic Flow of Steel, J. Appl. Phys., 1944, 15, p 22–32CrossRef
28.
go back to reference C.M. Sellars and W.J. McTegart, On the Mechanism of Hot Deformation, Acta Metall., 1966, 14, p 1136–1138CrossRef C.M. Sellars and W.J. McTegart, On the Mechanism of Hot Deformation, Acta Metall., 1966, 14, p 1136–1138CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen, and J. Zhong, Constitutive Modeling for Elevated Temperature Flow Behavior of 42CrMo Steel, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2008, 42, p 470–477CrossRef Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen, and J. Zhong, Constitutive Modeling for Elevated Temperature Flow Behavior of 42CrMo Steel, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2008, 42, p 470–477CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin and X.M. Chen, A Critical Review of Experimental Results and Constitutive Descriptions for Metals and Alloys in Hot Working, Mater. Des., 2011, 32, p 1733–1759CrossRef Y.C. Lin and X.M. Chen, A Critical Review of Experimental Results and Constitutive Descriptions for Metals and Alloys in Hot Working, Mater. Des., 2011, 32, p 1733–1759CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen, and J. Zhang, Modeling of Flow Stress of 42CrMo Steel Under Hot Compression, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2009, 499, p 88–92CrossRef Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen, and J. Zhang, Modeling of Flow Stress of 42CrMo Steel Under Hot Compression, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2009, 499, p 88–92CrossRef
32.
go back to reference W.D. Zeng, Y.Y. Zhou, Y. Shu, Y.Q. Zhao, J. Yang, and X.M. Zhang, A Study of Hot Deformation Mechanisms in Ti-40 Burn Resistant Titanium Alloy Using Processing Maps, Rare Metal. Mater. Eng., 2007, 36, p 1–5 W.D. Zeng, Y.Y. Zhou, Y. Shu, Y.Q. Zhao, J. Yang, and X.M. Zhang, A Study of Hot Deformation Mechanisms in Ti-40 Burn Resistant Titanium Alloy Using Processing Maps, Rare Metal. Mater. Eng., 2007, 36, p 1–5
33.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin, C.Y. Zhao, M.S. Chen, and D.D. Chen, A Novel Constitutive Model for Hot Deformation Behaviors of Ti-6Al-4 V Alloy Based on Probabilistic Method, Appl. Phys. A, 2016, 122, p 716CrossRef Y.C. Lin, C.Y. Zhao, M.S. Chen, and D.D. Chen, A Novel Constitutive Model for Hot Deformation Behaviors of Ti-6Al-4 V Alloy Based on Probabilistic Method, Appl. Phys. A, 2016, 122, p 716CrossRef
34.
go back to reference X.N. Peng, H.Z. Guo, Z.F. Shi, C. Qin, Z.L. Zhao, and Z.K. Yao, Study on the Hot Deformation Behavior of TC4-DT Alloy with Equiaxed α + β Starting Structure Based on Processing Map, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2014, 605, p 80–88CrossRef X.N. Peng, H.Z. Guo, Z.F. Shi, C. Qin, Z.L. Zhao, and Z.K. Yao, Study on the Hot Deformation Behavior of TC4-DT Alloy with Equiaxed α + β Starting Structure Based on Processing Map, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2014, 605, p 80–88CrossRef
35.
go back to reference X.S. Xia, Q. Chen, J.P. Li, D.Y. Shu, C.K. Hu, S.H. Huang, and Z.D. Zhao, Characterization of Hot Deformation Behavior of As-Extruded Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 610, p 203–211CrossRef X.S. Xia, Q. Chen, J.P. Li, D.Y. Shu, C.K. Hu, S.H. Huang, and Z.D. Zhao, Characterization of Hot Deformation Behavior of As-Extruded Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr Alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 610, p 203–211CrossRef
36.
go back to reference T. Seshacharyulu, S.C. Medeiros, W.G. Frazier, and Y.V.R.K. Prasad, Hot Working of Commercial Ti-6Al-4 V with an Equiaxed α-β Microstructure: Materials Modeling Considerations, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2000, 284, p 184–194CrossRef T. Seshacharyulu, S.C. Medeiros, W.G. Frazier, and Y.V.R.K. Prasad, Hot Working of Commercial Ti-6Al-4 V with an Equiaxed α-β Microstructure: Materials Modeling Considerations, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2000, 284, p 184–194CrossRef
37.
go back to reference H. Ziegler, An Introduction to Thermomechanics, North-Holland publishing company, Amsterdam, 1983 H. Ziegler, An Introduction to Thermomechanics, North-Holland publishing company, Amsterdam, 1983
38.
go back to reference A.H. Cottrell, Dislocation and Plastic Flow in Crystals, Oxford University Press, London, 1973, p 641–649 A.H. Cottrell, Dislocation and Plastic Flow in Crystals, Oxford University Press, London, 1973, p 641–649
39.
go back to reference M. Srinivansan, C. Loganathan, R. Narayanasamy, V. Senthilkumar, Q.B. Nguyen, and M. Gupta, Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Cast-Extruded AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and Nanocomposite Using Processing Map, Mater. Des., 2013, 47, p 449–455CrossRef M. Srinivansan, C. Loganathan, R. Narayanasamy, V. Senthilkumar, Q.B. Nguyen, and M. Gupta, Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Cast-Extruded AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and Nanocomposite Using Processing Map, Mater. Des., 2013, 47, p 449–455CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Hot Deformation Behavior and Intrinsic Workability of Carbon Nanotube-Aluminum Reinforced ZA27 Composites
Authors
Yang Liu
Cong Geng
Yunke Zhu
Jinfeng Peng
Junrui Xu
Publication date
20-03-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance / Issue 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1059-9495
Electronic ISSN: 1544-1024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2628-4

Other articles of this Issue 4/2017

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 4/2017 Go to the issue

Premium Partners