3. Hybrid Charging for Electrical Vehicle

Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (EV) charging systems utilize two or more power sources to ensure efficient and uninterrupted electric vehicle charging. This chapter specifically focuses on a tri-hybrid charging system, which integrates solar power, wind power, battery backup, and the electrical grid. The implementation of this system requires a combined solar-wind controller, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology, and a Battery Management System (BMS). The system operates intelligently by switching between power sources based on availability, weather conditions, and load demand, making it highly reliable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective. The chapter begins with an overview of the system’s working principles, followed by a detailed explanation of the modes of operation and various scenarios encountered during hybrid charging. In the final section, a case study using HOMER Pro simulation software is presented, demonstrating the practical application of the hybrid charging model. A tri-hybrid EV charging system was simulated using HOMER Pro with real solar and wind data. The system produced 690,866 kWh/year in which 97.5% from solar PV and only 2.5% from the grid. EV charging used 7.4% of the energy; 92.6% was exported due to surplus generation. V2G support at night improved grid resilience. The model shows high efficiency, low grid dependence, and better sustainability than conventional charging. The chapter concludes with a comparative analysis showing the performance and cost benefits of hybrid charging systems over conventional EV charging methods, highlighting its potential for significant advancements in sustainable transportation infrastructure.