6. Hydroprocessing of Liquid Biomass Fractions to Drop-in Green Aviation Fuel

The quest for sustainable aviation fuel has led to the exploration of hydroprocessing, a mature technology in the petroleum industry, for converting liquid biomass fractions into drop-in green fuels. This chapter illuminates the journey from various biomass feedstocks to aviation fuel, highlighting the unique challenges and innovative solutions in the process. It begins with an overview of hydroprocessing, emphasizing its role in eliminating undesirable heteroatoms, particularly oxygen, from biomass-derived feedstocks. The chapter then delves into the diverse liquid biomass fractions, from Fischer-Tropsch wax and bio-oil to triglycerides and terpenes, each presenting unique hurdles and opportunities. The catalytic processes involved, notably hydrodeoxygenation, are scrutinized, with a focus on the development of new catalysts and technologies to enhance efficiency and sustainability. The chapter also addresses the need for infrastructure and human resource development to facilitate the transition to renewable energy. With its comprehensive analysis and forward-looking perspective, this chapter is a must-read for anyone interested in the future of green aviation fuel.