Skip to main content
Top

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

9. Inclusion Problems and Prospects: Introducing Gender in Agricultural Research and Education

Author : P. S. Geethakutty

Published in: Inclusive Innovation

Publisher: Springer India

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Inclusion of gender concerns in agricultural development has gained global recognition over the latter half of the twentieth century. Though India is committed to mainstreaming gender in agricultural development, the educational and research systems of agriculture in the country are quite slow and passive in accepting and including a curriculum for gender orientation and gender analysis competence. The related systems of rural development of late have started to consider the technological needs of women for poverty alleviation. But the need for a generic orientation on gender equality and human rights perspectives in agriculture among the personnel at the cutting edge, in the educational institutions and research, remains largely unattended. This chapter presents the initiatives in capacity building for gender analysis, technology development, technology transfer and curriculum development attempted by the Centre for Gender Studies in Agriculture and Farm Entrepreneurship Development of the Kerala Agricultural University. The analysis of these innovations illustrates the problems of and the potential for including gender in the curriculum and research agenda of agricultural universities in India. It points out policy decisions for inclusion required in this context.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Footnotes
1
Research fundings that target women cultivators and labour in India have been minimal. However, the Mahila Kissan Sashaktikaran Paryojana (a major programme within the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM)) launched by the Ministry of Rural Development in 2011, under the leadership of Sri. T. Vijaykumar, the then Joint Secretary heading the NRLM, highlighted and supported some critical relationships between women farmers, technologies and markets.
 
2
For example, see the website of the Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar (http://​icar-ciwa.​org.​in/​).
 
3
Many research programmes supported by the Department of Science and Technology, in its Science for Equity, Empowerment and Development (SEED) division fall in this category.
 
4
As the Project leader and a committed gender researcher, the author checks periodically and has observed ‘no takers’.
 
5
This applies to all the traditional rice-growing cultures of the country, and does not apply to the post-green revolution rice growers like Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh where men do the transplanting operation. Let us recall that rice begins to occupy more than 98% of the kharif cropped area in these parts because gypsum application and standing water in the fields became a necessity to leach down the salts in the soil surface in these semi-arid (less than 600 mm annual rainfall and extremely hot summers) tracts that had become increasingly alkaline in the immediate green revolution years. The turning point was gypsum subsidy and minimum support price declared for rice in the early 1970s (Raina and Sangar 2002).
 
6
The scope for the same was revealed from the experience the author has recently gained by offering an optional course on gender and agriculture and rural development in the Institute of Environmental Planning of the Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany. On undergoing the course, the student participants had recognized the changed perspective they have gained about the user diversity of spatial planning products and processes and the need of such a perspective to be included as part of their education programme.
 
Literature
go back to reference Acemoglu, D. (2002). Directed technical change. The Review of Economic Studies, 69(4), 781–809. Acemoglu, D. (2002). Directed technical change. The Review of Economic Studies, 69(4), 781–809.
go back to reference Ahamed, S. (2004). Gender issues in agriculture and rural livelihoods. Chennai: M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation and Thrissur; Kerala Agricultural University, 179pp. Ahamed, S. (2004). Gender issues in agriculture and rural livelihoods. Chennai: M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation and Thrissur; Kerala Agricultural University, 179pp.
go back to reference Beneria, L., & Sen, G. (1981). Accumulation, reproduction, and women's role in economic development: Boserup Revisited, Signs. Development and the Sexual Division of Labour, 7(2), 279–298. Beneria, L., & Sen, G. (1981). Accumulation, reproduction, and women's role in economic development: Boserup Revisited, Signs. Development and the Sexual Division of Labour, 7(2), 279–298.
go back to reference Chant, S. (2007). Gender, generation and poverty: Exploring the feminization of poverty in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.CrossRef Chant, S. (2007). Gender, generation and poverty: Exploring the feminization of poverty in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.CrossRef
go back to reference European Commission (2012). Structural change in research institutions: Enhancing excellence, gender equality and efficiency in research and innovation. Report, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 45 pp. European Commission (2012). Structural change in research institutions: Enhancing excellence, gender equality and efficiency in research and innovation. Report, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 45 pp.
go back to reference FAO-ROAP (2002). Research-extension-farmer market linkages to combat Hunger and poverty in Asia and Pacific Region. Synopsis Report. ftp:/ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao006/AD643e/ad64eu.pdf. FAO-ROAP (2002). Research-extension-farmer market linkages to combat Hunger and poverty in Asia and Pacific Region. Synopsis Report. ftp:/ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao006/AD643e/ad64eu.pdf.
go back to reference Geethakutty, P. S. (2004). Gender analysis of farming systems for sustainable technology, programmes and livelihood. Final Report, KAU – NATP Study, 44 pp. Geethakutty, P. S. (2004). Gender analysis of farming systems for sustainable technology, programmes and livelihood. Final Report, KAU – NATP Study, 44 pp.
go back to reference Geethakutty, P. S. (2016a). Gender concerns mainstreamed. In S. Venku Reddy & M. Suryamani (Eds.), Agricultural extension-towards changing the lives and livelihood (pp. 410–419). Hyderabad: B S Publication. Geethakutty, P. S. (2016a). Gender concerns mainstreamed. In S. Venku Reddy & M. Suryamani (Eds.), Agricultural extension-towards changing the lives and livelihood (pp. 410–419). Hyderabad: B S Publication.
go back to reference Geethakutty, P. S. (2016b). Evaluative field study on effective women farmer participation in the farming sector of Kerala with focus on hired land farming and JLG activities. Final Report of KAU – NABARD Study. Geethakutty, P. S. (2016b). Evaluative field study on effective women farmer participation in the farming sector of Kerala with focus on hired land farming and JLG activities. Final Report of KAU – NABARD Study.
go back to reference Geethakutty, P. S., Purushan, K. S., Rajendran, P., Prasad, R. M., Vimalakumari, K.N., Nazeem, P. A., et al. (2004). Building gender integrated agricultural curriculum, capacity and resource materials. Final Report, CSGCA, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India. Geethakutty, P. S., Purushan, K. S., Rajendran, P., Prasad, R. M., Vimalakumari, K.N., Nazeem, P. A., et al. (2004). Building gender integrated agricultural curriculum, capacity and resource materials. Final Report, CSGCA, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India.
go back to reference Geethakutty, P.S., Jiju, P. A, & Prasad, R. M. (2011). Case studies on opportunities and challenges of women in agriculture. NCAP-ICAR Consultancy Report, CGSAFED, Kerala Agricultural University, India. Geethakutty, P.S., Jiju, P. A, & Prasad, R. M. (2011). Case studies on opportunities and challenges of women in agriculture. NCAP-ICAR Consultancy Report, CGSAFED, Kerala Agricultural University, India.
go back to reference Godley, P., Bertson, S., Andriene, M., & Marcus, R. (1997). Approaches to address gender specific needs in relation to technological changes. Agricultural Systems, 55(2), 155–172.CrossRef Godley, P., Bertson, S., Andriene, M., & Marcus, R. (1997). Approaches to address gender specific needs in relation to technological changes. Agricultural Systems, 55(2), 155–172.CrossRef
go back to reference Govt. of Kerala. (2017). Economic Review, Vol. I, State Planning Board, Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, p. 44. Govt. of Kerala. (2017). Economic Review, Vol. I, State Planning Board, Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, p. 44.
go back to reference KAU (2009). Syllabus B.Sc. Hons(Ag). Kerala Agricultural University, pp. 9–11. KAU (2009). Syllabus B.Sc. Hons(Ag). Kerala Agricultural University, pp. 9–11.
go back to reference Kingri, A. (2010). Gender and agricultural innovation: Revisiting the debate from an innovation system perspective. Discussion Paper RIU. www.ungs.edu.ar/ —iD-274-kingr/-innovation. Kingri, A. (2010). Gender and agricultural innovation: Revisiting the debate from an innovation system perspective. Discussion Paper RIU. www.​ungs.​edu.​ar/​ —iD-274-kingr/-innovation.
go back to reference Raina, R. S. (2014). Beyond supply driven science (pp. 69–74). Seminar, No. 654. Feb 2014. Raina, R. S. (2014). Beyond supply driven science (pp. 69–74). Seminar, No. 654. Feb 2014.
go back to reference Raina, R. S. (2015). Agriculture and the development burden. In K. A. Jacobsen (Ed.), Routledge handbook of contemporary India (pp. 99–117). London and New York: Routledge. Raina, R. S. (2015). Agriculture and the development burden. In K. A. Jacobsen (Ed.), Routledge handbook of contemporary India (pp. 99–117). London and New York: Routledge.
go back to reference Raina, R. S., & Sangar, S. (2002). Water quality, agricultural policy and science. Knowledge, Technology and Policy, 14(4), 109–125.CrossRef Raina, R. S., & Sangar, S. (2002). Water quality, agricultural policy and science. Knowledge, Technology and Policy, 14(4), 109–125.CrossRef
go back to reference World Bank. (1990). Agricultural Research in India: Prologue, Prospects. World Bank: Washington, D.C. World Bank. (1990). Agricultural Research in India: Prologue, Prospects. World Bank: Washington, D.C.
go back to reference World Bank, FAO and IFAD. (2009). Gender in Agriculture Source Book, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, pp. 257–302. World Bank, FAO and IFAD. (2009). Gender in Agriculture Source Book, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, pp. 257–302.
Metadata
Title
Inclusion Problems and Prospects: Introducing Gender in Agricultural Research and Education
Author
P. S. Geethakutty
Copyright Year
2020
Publisher
Springer India
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3929-1_9