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2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Indigenous Journalism in Ecuador: An Alternative Worldview

Authors : María Belén Albornoz, Gema Tabares Merino

Published in: Digital Activism, Community Media, and Sustainable Communication in Latin America

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Indigenous communities have been using a variety of media as vehicles for internal and external communication for several decades in Ecuador. These include the development of radio, newspapers, blogs, websites, and social media production, in often precarious conditions, as a result of low or non-existent budgets. Much of the effort to analyze these developments in Ecuador has focused on community and intercultural media, ignoring the specificities of Indigenous media. This chapter considers Indigenous journalism as an emergent practice and form of communication that has played a significant role in Ecuador, directly confronting racist structures of corporate media and producing content based on collective community voices and Indigenous communication rituals. We examine the case of Red de Comunicadores Interculturales Bilingües del Ecuador (REDCI)/the Ecuadorian Network of Bilingual Intercultural Communicators, the first multimedia Indigenous news organization in Ecuador. To explore REDCI’s journalistic practices, we conducted ethnographic research and website content analysis in 2009–2011 and updated this with research into REDCI’s journalistic project in 2018–2019. Our main argument is that Indigenous journalists in Ecuador are creating counter-narratives to mainstream media, contributing to the empowerment of Indigenous peoples. The case of REDCI also makes it possible to rethink what it means to communicate from an Indigenous cosmovision, and in terms of who produces information, and how is it exchanged and circulated.

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Footnotes
1
Official Statement of Communication Section at the IV Continental Summit of the Indigenous Peoples of Abya Yala. Puno -Peru-, May 27–31, 2009. Original Spanish text: “La comunicación es la columna vertebral de la humanidad. Éstaha sido ejercida desde que nuestros pueblos comenzaron a caminaren la Madre Tierra. Estamos llamados a recuperar la palabrapropia, a descolonizarla, a retomar la tarea de caminar lapalabra junta, unida en nuestra diversidad y comunicar desde lavisión de nuestros pueblos construyendo medios de comunicaciónque expresen realmente lo que somos”.
 
2
Guna Language “Earth in full maturity, or land of vital blood” (López 2004, 4).
 
3
The Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) represents 15 Ecuadorian Nations: Achuar, Andoa, Awá, Chachi, Cofán, Épera, Kichwa, Wao, Secoay, Shuar, Shiwiar, Siona, Tsa’Chila, Sapara, and Quijos. All these nations are geographically distributed along the Ecuadorian highlands and the Amazon basin.
 
4
A plurinational state is considered a model of political organization for the decolonization of nations and peoples, recuperating, reaffirming, and strengthening their territorial autonomy (Fontana 2014; Yashar 1999).
 
5
Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states as follows: (1) Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference. (2) Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any media of his choice.
 
6
Tenth Anniversary Joint Declaration: Ten Key Challenges to Freedom of Expression in the Next Decade. Once again, the fundamental importance of freedom of expression—including the principles of diversity and pluralism—both inherently and as an essential tool for the defense of all other rights and as a core element of democracy.
 
7
Tukui Shimi is the expression in Kichwa for “All the voices”.
 
8
“The life, cosmovision, identity, values, culture, native languages, and dreams of the Peoples and Indigenous nations. Such communication only makes sense within the framework of our own culture in the service of life. Its main goal is to make known to all people of Abya Yala the People’s rights, their fight for the land, their dignity and integrity” Official Declaration of the Continental Summit of Indigenous Communication of Abya Yala in 2010.
 
9
This project was conducted from 2009 to 2011. In 2018–2019 further research and interviews were conducted in order to fully contextualize why REDCI discontinued its news-making practices.
 
10
The Continental Summit of Indigenous Communication of Abya Yala took place from 8 to 12 November 2010, in Misak Territory in the Cauca Department of Colombia.
 
11
Rumiñahui, the most important General of the Inca Empire at the service of the only Ecuadorian Inca: Atahualpa. He represents Indigenous resistance in the Spanish conquest.
 
12
Dolores Cacuango (1881–1971). She represents certain kind of continuity on the historical process of resistance of the Indigenous Peoples and Nations in Ecuador, as well as an iconic figure in the history of the Ecuadorian Indigenous Political Movement.
 
13
Expression of the Aimara language in Bolivia that represents the Good Living.
 
14
Acronym in Spanish for Coordinadora Andina de Organizaciones Indígenas (Andean Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations).
 
15
The social media used were Twitter and Facebook.
 
16
English translation for “que nadie calle tu voz”. www.​atuplan.​com is a website of Indigenous journalism based on information, opinion, and interpretation.
 
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Metadata
Title
Indigenous Journalism in Ecuador: An Alternative Worldview
Authors
María Belén Albornoz
Gema Tabares Merino
Copyright Year
2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45394-7_15

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