Top

Social Indicators Research

Published in:

10-03-2018

Innovation, Development and National Indices

Authors: Kjell Hausken, John F. Moxnes

Published in: Social Indicators Research | Issue 3/2019

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The paper shows for 127 countries that innovation correlates positively with human development, GDP per capita, education, IQ, democracy, and military expenditure per capita, negatively with inequality Gini, and more negatively with war. Regression shows with statistical significance that innovation increases with democracy and decreases with war, increases with human development and decreases with inequality Gini, and increases with democracy, military expenditure per capita, education, GDP per capita, and IQ. Innovation is modeled logistically with carrying capacity determined by the eight indices. Thereafter democracy and war are modeled as dynamic processes coupled with the innovation process. We illustrate how innovation, democracy and war change through time depending on various characteristics. The analysis tools enable countries to assess how their processes interact with innovation.

previous article Global Advances in Quality of Life and Well-Being: Past, Present, and Future

next article Unequal Times: Social Structure, Temporal Perspective, and Time Allocation in Poland

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Airplanes, tanks, and mechanized infantry enabled concentrated firepower in World War II, and further development of these technologies. The canon, invented in China in the twelfth century, has impacted many wars in subsequent developments, and related industrialization.

The war index W is actually a peace index, but since low values express much peace, we interpret as a war index to ensure consistency with the other indices.

Note also almost independence, − 0.054, between military expenditure per capita M/c and inequality Gini, which supports Lin and Hamid’s (2009) finding of no causal relationship in either direction between military spending and inequality. In contrast, Raza et al. (2017) find for Pakistan that military expenditure increases inequality.

Aristizabal-Ramirez, M., Botero-Franco, M. C., & Canavire-Bacarreza, G. (2017). Does financial development promote innovation in developing economies? An empirical analysis. Review of Development Economics, 21(3), 475–496. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12314.CrossRef

Azam, S. (2017). A cross-country empirical test of cognitive abilities and innovation nexus. International Journal of Educational Development, 53, 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2017.01.003.CrossRef

Babutsidze, Z., & Iacopetta, M. (2016). Innovation, growth and financial markets. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 26(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-016-0448-6.CrossRef

Ben Zeev, N., & Pappa, E. (2017). Chronicle of a war foretold: The macroeconomic effects of anticipated defence spending shocks. Economic Journal, 127(603), 1568–1597. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12349.CrossRef

Bischoff, C. S., & Christiansen, F. J. (2017). Political parties and innovation. Public Management Review, 19(1), 74–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2016.1200664.CrossRef

Chen, X. F., Liu, Z. Y., & Ma, C. L. (2017). Chinese innovation-driving factors: Regional structure, innovation effect, and economic development-empirical research based on panel data. Annals of Regional Science, 59(1), 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-017-0818-5.CrossRef

Chi, W., & Qian, X. Y. (2010). The role of education in regional innovation activities: spatial evidence from China. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 15(4), 396–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2010.516158.CrossRef

Cinnirella, F., & Streb, J. (2017). The role of human capital and innovation in economic development: Evidence from post-Malthusian Prussia. Journal of Economic Growth, 22(2), 193–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-017-9141-3.CrossRef

Coccia, M. (2015). General sources of general purpose technologies in complex societies: Theory of global leadership-driven innovation, warfare and human development. Technology in Society, 42, 199–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2015.05.008.CrossRef

Crossan, M. M., & Apaydin, M. (2010). A multi-dimensional framework of organizational innovation: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Management Studies, 47(6), 1154–1191. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00880.x.CrossRef

Donate, M. J., Pena, I., & de Pablo, J. D. S. (2016). HRM practices for human and social capital development: Effects on innovation capabilities. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(9), 928–953. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1047393.CrossRef

Dutta, S., Lanvin, B., & Wunsch-Vincent, S. (2017). The global innovation index 2017. In S. Dutta, B. Lanvin, & S. Wunsch-Vincent (Eds.). https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/. Cornell University, INSEAD, and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). Accessed 08 March 2018.

Einstein, A. (1905). Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig? Annalen der Physik, 18(13), 639–641.CrossRef

Engevall, T. E. (1999). Conditions for future military innovation. Naval Engineers Journal, 111(2), 83–89.CrossRef

Etzkowitz, H. (2013). Silicon Valley at risk? Sustainability of a global innovation icon: An introduction to the Special Issue. Social Science Information Sur Les Sciences Sociales, 52(4), 515–538. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018413501946.CrossRef

Foellmi, R., & Zweimuller, J. (2017). Is inequality harmful for innovation and growth? Price versus market size effects. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 27(2), 359–378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-016-0451-y.CrossRef

Fukiharu, T. (2013). Income distribution inequality, globalization, and innovation: A general equilibrium simulation. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 93, 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2012.08.001.CrossRef

Gao, Y. Y., Zang, L. Z., Roth, A., & Wang, P. Q. (2017). Does democracy cause innovation? An empirical test of the Popper hypothesis. Research Policy, 46(7), 1272–1283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.05.014.CrossRef

Griffiths, M., O’Callaghan, T., & Roach, S. C. (2014). International relations: The key concepts (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.

Henrekson, M. (2014). Entrepreneurship, innovation, and human flourishing. Small Business Economics, 43(3), 511–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9551-y.CrossRef

Impullitti, G. (2016). Global innovation races, offshoring and wage inequality. Review of International Economics, 24(1), 171–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/roie.12202.CrossRef

Institute for Economics and Peace. (2017). Global peace index. http://economicsandpeace.org/. Accessed 08 March 2018.

International Monetary Fund. (2017). GDP per capita. www.imf.org. Accessed 08 March 2018.

IQ Research. (2017). World ranking of countries by their average. https://iq-research.info/en/page/average-iq-by-country. Accessed 08 March 2018.

Jungdahl, A. M., & Macdonald, J. M. (2015). Innovation inhibitors in war: Overcoming obstacles in the pursuit of military effectiveness. Journal of Strategic Studies, 38(4), 467–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2014.917628.CrossRef

Keck, Z. (2015). Are U.S. fighter jets about to become obsolete? The National Interest. http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/are-us-fighter-jets-about-become-obsolete-12612. Center for the National Interest, April 11, 2015. Accessed 08 March 2018.

Koh, W. T. H. (2007). Terrorism and its impact on economic growth and technological innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 74(2), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2006.01.005.CrossRef

Kolesnyk, M. Y. (2017). Analysis of innovation indicators of European countries and Ukraine. Marketing and Management of Innovations, 2, 172–181. https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2017.2-16.CrossRef

Korobenko, L., & Braverman, E. (2009). A logistic model with a carrying capacity driven diffusion. Canadian Applied Mathematics Quarterly, 17(1), 85–104.

Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The structure of scientific revolutions (Vol. 2, No. 2, International encyclopedia of unified science). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Lee, N., & Rodriguez-Pose, A. (2013). Innovation and spatial inequality in Europe and USA. Journal of Economic Geography, 13(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbs022.CrossRef

Lin, E. S., & Hamid, E. A. (2009). Military spending and inequality: Panel Granger causality test. Journal of Peace Research, 46(5), 671–685.CrossRef

List, F. (1841). Das Nationale System der Politischen Ökonomie (The National System of Political Economy). Basel: Kyklos, and Longmans, Green and Co.

Lotka, A. J. (1924). Elements of mathematical biology. London: Dover Books.

Lundvall, B.-Å., Johnson, B., Andersen, E. S., & Dalum, B. (2002). National systems of production, innovation and competence building. Research Policy, 31(2), 213–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00137-8.CrossRef

Lynn, R., & Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the wealth of nations. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated.

Meyer, P. S., & Ausubel, J. H. (1999). Carrying capacity: A model with logistically varying limits. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 61(3), 209–214.CrossRef

Navarro-Galera, A., & Maturana, R. I. O. (2011). Innovating in defence policy through spending efficiency: The life cycle costing model. Journal of Policy Modeling, 33(3), 407–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2011.03.004.CrossRef

Obydenkova, A., & Salahodjaev, R. (2016). Intelligence, democracy, and international environmental commitment. Environmental Research, 147, 82–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.042.CrossRef

Ojha, V. P., Pradhan, B. K., & Ghosh, J. (2013). Growth, inequality and innovation: A CGE analysis of India. Journal of Policy Modeling, 35(6), 909–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2013.02.004.CrossRef

Parziale, F., & Scotti, I. (2016). Education as a resource of social innovation. Sage Open, 6(3), 9. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016662691.CrossRef

Patel, P., & Pavitt, K. (1997). The technological competencies of the world’s largest firms: Complex and path-dependent, but not much variety. Research Policy, 26(2), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(97)00005-X.CrossRef

Phelps, E. S. (2013). Mass flourishing: how grassroots innovation created jobs, challenge, and change (Mass Flourishing). Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRef

Popper, K. R. (1934). Logik der Forschung (The Logic of Scientific Discovery). London, 1959: Hutchinson.

Raza, S., Shahbaz, M., & Paramati, S. (2017). Dynamics of military expenditure and income inequality in Pakistan. An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, 131(3), 1035–1055. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1284-7.

Smith, A. (1776). An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations: volumes one and two. Oxford: Oxford Paperbacks, 2008.

Squalli, J., & Wilson, K. (2014). Intelligence, creativity, and innovation. Intelligence, 46, 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2014.07.005.CrossRef

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. (2017). IPRI military expenditure database. https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex. Accessed 08 March 2018.

Taylor, M. Z., & Wilson, S. (2010). Does culture still matter?: The effects of individualism on national innovation rates. Journal of Business Venturing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.10.001.

The Economist Intelligence Unit. (2017). Democracy index 2016. https://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid=DemocracyIndex2016. Accessed 08 March 2018.

Thomson, R. (2010). The continuity of innovation: The civil war experience. Enterprise & Society, 11(1), 128–165. https://doi.org/10.1093/es/khp079.CrossRef

Tselios, V. (2011). Is inequality good for innovation? International Regional Science Review, 34(1), 75–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017610383278.CrossRef

United Nations Development Programme. (2016). Human development report 2016. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf. Accessed 08 March 2018.

United Nations Development Programme. (2017). Education index. http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/education-index. Accessed 08 March 2018.

Verhulst, P. F. (1845). Recherches mathématiques sur la loi d’accroissement de la population. Nouveaux Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles, 18, 3–38.

World Bank Development Research Group. (2017). GINI index. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/. Accessed 08 March 2018.

Title: Innovation, Development and National Indices
Authors: Kjell Hausken
John F. Moxnes
Publication date: 10-03-2018
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Social Indicators Research / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 0303-8300
Electronic ISSN: 1573-0921
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1873-8

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 3/2019

Global Advances in Quality of Life and Well-Being: Past, Present, and Future

Educational Expansion and Schooling Inequality: Testing Educational Kuznets Curve for India

The Role of Remittances in the Development of Higher Education: Evidence from Top Remittance Receiving Countries

Why is it So Hard to Reach the EU’s Poverty Target?

Pathways to Adulthood: Sequences in the School-to-Work Transition in Finland, Norway and Sweden

Municipal Environmental Management Indicators: A Bottom-Up Approach Applied to the Colombian Context