Published in:

01-02-2025 | Original Paper

Innovative approach to corrosion protection using cardanol and vanillin porphyrins in alkyd resins

Authors: Malena Gomes Martins, Lucas Renan Rocha da Silva, Paulo Vitor Macedo da Silva, Rafaelly Nascimento Araújo, Vitória de Paula Santos, Leonardo Mapurunga de Menezes, Otílio B. F. Diógenes, Walney S. Araújo, Claudenilson da Silva Clemente, Giuseppe Mele, Diego Lomonaco, Selma E. Mazzetto

Published in: Journal of Polymer Research | Issue 2/2025

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The article presents an innovative approach to corrosion protection using cardanol and vanillin porphyrins incorporated into alkyd resins. The study synthesizes and characterizes these compounds, highlighting their potential to reduce film porosity and improve adhesion in alkyd resin coatings. The research evaluates the performance of these coatings through various tests, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, salt spray, and adhesion tests. The results demonstrate the superior corrosion protection capabilities of the zinc-metallated porphyrin-based coating, offering a sustainable and effective solution for extending the lifespan of steel structures.

AI Generated

This summary of the content was generated with the help of AI.

previous article Plasticization of polylactic acid reinforced multi-walled carbon nanotube utilizing polyethene glycol via solvent casting: Rheological, viscoelastic, and thermal properties

next article Enhancing properties of chlorinated ethylene propylene diene monomer/chlorinated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (ClEM/ClNR) composites through TESPT and APTES modified nanosilica

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Business + Economics & Engineering + Technology"

Online-Abonnement

Springer Professional "Business + Economics & Engineering + Technology" gives you access to:

more than 102.000 books
more than 537 journals

from the following subject areas:

Automotive
Construction + Real Estate
Business IT + Informatics
Electrical Engineering + Electronics
Energy + Sustainability
Finance + Banking
Management + Leadership
Marketing + Sales
Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Insurance + Risk

Secure your knowledge advantage now!

inform now

Springer Professional "Engineering + Technology"

Online-Abonnement

Springer Professional "Engineering + Technology" gives you access to:

more than 67.000 books
more than 390 journals

from the following specialised fileds:

Automotive
Business IT + Informatics
Construction + Real Estate
Electrical Engineering + Electronics
Energy + Sustainability
Mechanical Engineering + Materials

Secure your knowledge advantage now!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

Abdo HS, Seikh AH, Fouly A, Hashmi FH (2021) Controlling atmospheric corrosion of weathering steel using anodic polarization protection technique. Processes 9(8):1469. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9081469CrossRef

Caprili S et al (2022) Evaluation of mechanical characteristics of steel bars by nondestructive Vickers micro-hardness tests. In Procedia Structural Integrity. Elsevier B.V. 886–893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2023.01.115

Mazumder MJ (2020) Global Impact of Corrosion: Occurrence, Cost and Mitigation. Glob J Eng Sci 5(4):1–5. https://doi.org/10.33552/gjes.2020.05.000618CrossRef

Shang B et al (2021) Corrosion Degradation of Two Coating Systems Exposed for Three Years in a Tropical Oceanic Atmospheric Environment. Int J Electrochem Sci 16(1):1–15. https://doi.org/10.20964/2021.01.67CrossRef

Barbosa RS, Koga GY, Nascimento MLF, de Souza CAC (2022) Effect of Glycerol Addition on Copper Electrodeposition on Steel Substrate. Mater Res 25:e20220021. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2022-0021CrossRef

Laut G et al (2022) Conversion Layers Substituted to Hexavalent Chrome in the Anti-corrosion Protection of Galvanized Steel. Int J Dev Res 12, 11. https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr.25730.11.2022

Bianchin ACV et al (2020) Influence of the Anodization Process on Zamak 5 Corrosion Resistance. Mater Res 23(4):e20190601. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2019-0601CrossRef

Vasques RB et al (2021) A theoretical and experimental study of phosphate ester inhibitors for AISI 1018 in carbon dioxide-saturated 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Mater Corros 72(8):1417–1432. https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202112365CrossRef

Diógenes OBF et al (2021) Development of coal tar-free coatings: Acetylated lignin as a bio-additive for anticorrosive and UV-blocking epoxy resins. Prog Org Coat 161:106533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106533CrossRef

10.

da Silva LRR et al (2022) Bio-based one-component epoxy resin: Novel high-performance anticorrosive coating from agro-industrial byproduct. Prog Org Coat 167:106861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.106861CrossRef

11.

Deyab MA et al (2017) Synthesis and characteristics of alkyd resin/M-Porphyrins nanocomposite for corrosion protection application. Prog Org Coat 105:286–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.01.008CrossRef

12.

Selim YA, Abd-El-Raouf M, Zakaria K, Sayed AZ, Moustafa YM, Ashmawy AM (2024) An electrochemical, and surface studies of synthesized Gemini ionic liquid as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in petroleum field. Sci Rep 14(1):10766. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58321-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Selim YA, Abd-El-Raouf M, Mohammed KZ, Sayed AZ, Moustafa YM, Ashmawy AM (2024) Novel ionic liquid corrosion inhibition on carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid: Preparation, characterization linked to application. Egypt J Pet 33(2):269–281. https://doi.org/10.62593/2090-2468.1009CrossRef

14.

Farh HMH, Ben Seghier MEA, Zayed T (2023) A comprehensive review of corrosion protection and control techniques for metallic pipelines. Eng Fail Anal 143:106885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106885CrossRef

15.

Lazorenko G, Kasprzhitskii A, Nazdracheva T (2021) Anti-corrosion coatings for protection of steel railway structures exposed to atmospheric environments: A review. Constr Build Mater 288:123115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123115CrossRef

16.

Ashmawy AM, Mostafa MA, Kamal AB, Ali GAM, El-Gaby MSA (2023) Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl by pyrazolone-sulfonamide hybrids: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation. Sci Rep 13(1):18555. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45659-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

17.

Alanazi KD et al (2023) Green Synthesis of a Novel Cationic Surfactant Based on an Azo Schiff Compound for Use as a Carbon Steel Anticorrosion Agent. ACS Omega 8(51):49009–49016. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c06710CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Sayed AG, Ashmawy AM, Elgammal WE, Hassan SM, Deyab MA (2023) Synthesis, description, and application of novel corrosion inhibitors for CS AISI1095 in 1.0 M HCl based on benzoquinoline derivatives. Sci Rep 13(1):13761. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39714-1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

Manoli Z, Pecko D, Van Assche G, Stiens J, Pourkazemi A, Terryn H (2019) Transport of Electrolyte in Organic Coatings on Metal. In Paint and Coatings Industry, IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81422

20.

Chardon F, Denis M, Negrell C, Caillol S (2021) Hybrid Alkyds, the glowing route to reach cutting-edge properties? Prog Org Coat 151:106025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.106025CrossRef

21.

Ifijen IH, Maliki M, Odiachi IJ, Aghedo ON, Ohiocheoya EB (2022) Review on Solvents Based Alkyd Resins and Water Borne Alkyd Resins: Impacts of Modification on Their Coating Properties. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-022-00318-3

22.

Elfadel RG, Refat HM, El-Wahab HA, Salem SS, Owda ME, Abdel Reheim MAM (2023) Preparation of new surface coating based on modified oil-based polymers blended with ZnO and CuZnO NPs for steel protection. Sci Rep 13(1):7268. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34085-zCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Grafov OY, Kazansky LP (2020) Review on porphyrins, phthalocyanines and their derivatives as corrosion inhibitors. Int J Corros Scale Inhib 9(3):812–829. https://doi.org/10.17675/2305-6894-2020-9-3-2CrossRef

24.

Vaida M, Birdeanu M, Lascu A, Palade A, Fringu I, & Fagadar-Cosma E (2017) Anticorrosive coating of steel with hybrid oxide/porphyrin sandwich layers deposited by drop casting method. In NANOCON 2017: Proceedings of the International Conference on Nanomaterials. Brno, Czech Republic, pp 372–377

25.

Lokesh KS, De Keersmaecker M, Adriaens A (2012) Self assembled films of porphyrins with amine groups at different positions: Influence of their orientation on the corrosion inhibition and the electrocatalytic activity. Molecules 17(7):7824–7842. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17077824CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Deyab MA, Mele G (2020) Stainless steel bipolar plate coated with polyaniline/Zn-Porphyrin composites coatings for proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Sci Rep 10(1):3277. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60288-9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

27.

Nikoloudakis E et al (2021) Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells for Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation Using a Zinc Porphyrin Sensitizer and TEMPO Catalyst. ACS Catal 11(19):12075–12086. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.1c02609CrossRef

28.

Büchner R, Fondell M, Haverkamp R, Pietzsch A, Vaz da Cruz V, Föhlisch A (2021) The porphyrin center as a regulator for metal-ligand covalency and π hybridization in the entire molecule. Phys Chem Chem Phys 23(43):24765–24772. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1cp03944jCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

de Amorin Lima NM et al (2019) Light-emitting porphyrin derivative obtained from a subproduct of the cashew nut shell liquid: A promising material for OLED applications. Materials 12(7):1063. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071063CrossRef

30.

Lima NMA et al (2021) Photodynamic effect of palladium porphyrin derived from cashew nut shell liquid against promastigote forms of Leishmania braziliensis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 33:102083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102083CrossRefPubMed

31.

Mota JPF et al (2017) Synthesis, characterization and dielectric properties of new 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tri-4-[2-(3-pentadecylphenoxy)ethoxy]phenyl porphyrin and their Ni, Co and Cu complexes. J Braz Chem Soc 28(6):1063–1073. https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20160261CrossRef

32.

Anand A et al (2019) Vanillin: A comprehensive review of pharmacological activities. Plant Arch 19(2):1000–1004

33.

Gendron D (2022) “Vanillin: A Promising Biosourced Building Block for the Preparation of Various Heterocycles. Frontiers Media S.A. 10:949355. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.949355CrossRef

34.

Alanazi KD et al (2024) Thermodynamic, chemical, and electrochemical studies of Aloe ferox Mill extract as a naturally developing copper corrosion inhibitor in HCl solution. Sci Rep 14(1):11944. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-62169-xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

35.

Ahmed MA, Amin S, Mohamed AA (2024) “Current and emerging trends of inorganic, organic and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. R Soc Chem 14(43):31877–31920. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra05662kCrossRef

36.

Yadav S et al (2024) Green nanoparticles for advanced corrosion protection: Current perspectives and future prospects. Appl Surf Sci Adv 21:100605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsadv.2024.100605CrossRef

37.

Attanasi OA, Del Sole R, Filippone P, Mazzetto SE, Mele G, Vasapollo G (2004) Synthesis of novel lipophilic porphyrin-cardanol derivatives. J Porphyr Phthalocyanines, 8:1276–1284. Available: www.worldscientific.com

38.

Deyab MA, Słota R, Bloise E, Mele G (2018) Exploring corrosion protection properties of alkyd@lanthanide bis-phthalocyanine nanocomposite coatings. RSC Adv 8(4):1909–1916. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ra09804aCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Clemente CS et al (2013) Porphyrin synthesized from cashew nut shell liquid as part of a novel superparamagnetic fluorescence nanosystem. J Nanoparticle Res 15(6):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1739-6CrossRef

40.

Sandrino B et al (2013) Amphiphilic porphyrin-cardanol derivatives in Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films applied for sensing. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 425:68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.033CrossRef

41.

Ribeiro VGP et al (2017) New ZnO@Cardanol porphyrin composite nanomaterials with enhanced photocatalytic capability under solar light irradiation. Materials 10(10):1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10101114CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

42.

Jagadeeswari S, Paramaguru G, Renganathan R (2014) Synthesis and characterization of free base and metal porphyrins and their interaction with CdTe QDs. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 276:104–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.11.018CrossRef

43.

W. Yang et al., “Synthesis of vanillin-based porphyrin for remarkably enhancing the toughness, UV-resistance and self-extinguishing properties of polylactic acid,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 469, Aug. 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.143935.

44.

Nadafan M, Sabbaghan M, Sofalgar P (2022) Third-order nonlinear responses of symmetrical meso-substitutes porphyrin derivatives. Optik (Stuttg) 265:169476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.169476CrossRef

45.

Gouterman M (1961) Spectra of Porphyrins. J Mol Spectrosc 6:138–163CrossRef

46.

Valicsek Z, Horváth O (2013) Application of the electronic spectra of porphyrins for analytical purposes: The effects of metal ions and structural distortions. Microchem J 107:47–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2012.07.002CrossRef

47.

Lind SJ (2012) Spectroscopic and Computational Studies of Porphyrins Utilised in Photovoltaic Devices. University of Otago, Dunedim, New Zwaland

48.

Nikolaou V, Angaridis PA, Charalambidis G, Sharma GD, Coutsolelos AG (2015) A ‘click-chemistry’ approach for the synthesis of porphyrin dyads as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 44(4):1734–1747. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4dt03194fCrossRefPubMed

49.

Senge MO, Ryan AA, Letchford KA, MacGowan SA, Mielke T (2014) Chlorophylls, symmetry, chirality, and photosynthesis. Symmetry 6(3):781–843. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym6030781CrossRef

50.

Mele G et al (2004) Polycrystalline TiO2 impregnated with cardanol-based porphyrins for the photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol. Green Chem 6(12):604–608. https://doi.org/10.1039/b409510cCrossRef

51.

Ammar S, Iling AWM, Ramesh K, Ramesh S (2020) Development of fully organic coating system modified with epoxidized soybean oil with superior corrosion protection performance. Prog Org Coat 140:105523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.105523CrossRef

52.

Polyakov NA, Botryakova IG, Glukhov VG, Red’kina GV, Kuznetsov YI (2021) Formation and anticorrosion properties of superhydrophobic zinc coatings on steel. Chem Eng J 421:127775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.127775CrossRef

53.

Yang MS et al (2022) A Comparative Study on the Anti-Corrosive Performance of Zinc Phosphate in Powder Coatings. Coatings 12(2):217. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020217CrossRef

54.

Hussain AK, Seetharamaiah N, Pichumani M, Chakra CS (2021) Research progress in organic zinc rich primer coatings for cathodic protection of metals – A comprehensive review. Progr Org Coat 153:106040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.106040CrossRef

55.

Chen Y, Wang J, Wen S, Zhang J, Yu X, Mao Y (2021) Synthesis of Rose-Like Sheet Zinc Phosphate by the Induction-Calcination Method and Its Application as a Corrosion Inhibitor in Coatings. Int J Electrochem Sci 16:1–17. https://doi.org/10.20964/2021.04.63CrossRef

56.

Khanlarkhani S, Akbarzadeh AR, Rahimi R (2022) A retrospective-prospective survey of porphyrinoid fluorophores: towards new architectures as an electron transfer systems promoter. Springer Science and Business Media B.V. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-022-01147-0

57.

Taube H (1970) Electron transfer reactions of complex ions in solution. In: H. Siegel (ed) Inorganic Chemistry, 1st edn. Academic Press, pp 1–5 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-683850-3.X5001-8

58.

Magnussen OM (2009) Electrochemistry at the Nanoscale, Nanostructure Science and Technology. In Nanostructure Science and Technology. New York, NY: Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73582-5.

59.

Wang HG, Wu Q, Cheng L, Chen L, Li M, Zhu G (2022) Porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-based systems for rechargeable batteries. Energy Storage Mater 52:495–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.08.022CrossRef

60.

Kaim W, Schwederski B, Klein A (2013) Bioinorganic Chemistry--Inorganic Elements in the Chemistry of Life: An Introduction and Guide (2ª ed). Wiley

61.

Layer G (2021) Heme biosynthesis in prokaryotes. Biochim et Biophys Acta (BBA)-Mol Cell Res 1868(1):118861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118861CrossRef

62.

Miroslav M (2020) Metal Corrosion. In Biomedical Materials: Second Edition, vol. 2, Springer International Publishing, 1–728. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49206-9

63.

Fragata F, Amorim CC, Ordine AP (2010) Ensaio de aderência em tintas e esquemas de pintura pelo método de resistência à tração: Valores típicos de tensão de ruptura, tipos de falha e comentários técnicos. Anais do Intercorr 2012

Title: Innovative approach to corrosion protection using cardanol and vanillin porphyrins in alkyd resins
Authors: Malena Gomes Martins
Lucas Renan Rocha da Silva
Paulo Vitor Macedo da Silva
Rafaelly Nascimento Araújo
Vitória de Paula Santos
Leonardo Mapurunga de Menezes
Otílio B. F. Diógenes
Walney S. Araújo
Claudenilson da Silva Clemente
Giuseppe Mele
Diego Lomonaco
Selma E. Mazzetto
Publication date: 01-02-2025
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Journal of Polymer Research / Issue 2/2025
Print ISSN: 1022-9760
Electronic ISSN: 1572-8935
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-025-04294-3

Chain transfer to monomer – the main chain-growth termination reaction in radical ring-opening polymerization of ketene acetals

Original Paper

Determining the impact of accelerated hydrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride

Original Paper

Facile fabrication of polymer/palygorskite microcapsules via pickering emulsion photopolymerization

Original Paper

Synthesis and demulsification performance of tea polyphenol amine resin-based triblock polyether demulsifier

Original Paper

A nonpolar group disulfide bonds driven polyurethane with enhanced dielectric properties

Original Paper

Impact of halloysite nanotubes on the curing characteristics, mechanical performance, and swelling resistance of SBR/NBR nanocomposites

Original Paper

Springer Professional

Innovative approach to corrosion protection using cardanol and vanillin porphyrins in alkyd resins

Abstract

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Business + Economics & Engineering + Technology"

Springer Professional "Engineering + Technology"

Other articles of this Issue 2/2025

Chain transfer to monomer – the main chain-growth termination reaction in radical ring-opening polymerization of ketene acetals

Determining the impact of accelerated hydrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride

Facile fabrication of polymer/palygorskite microcapsules via pickering emulsion photopolymerization

Synthesis and demulsification performance of tea polyphenol amine resin-based triblock polyether demulsifier

A nonpolar group disulfide bonds driven polyurethane with enhanced dielectric properties

Impact of halloysite nanotubes on the curing characteristics, mechanical performance, and swelling resistance of SBR/NBR nanocomposites

Premium Partners

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Business + Economics & Engineering + Technology"

Springer Professional "Engineering + Technology"

Chain transfer to monomer – the main chain-growth termination reaction in radical ring-opening polymerization of ketene acetals

Determining the impact of accelerated hydrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride

Facile fabrication of polymer/palygorskite microcapsules via pickering emulsion photopolymerization

Synthesis and demulsification performance of tea polyphenol amine resin-based triblock polyether demulsifier

A nonpolar group disulfide bonds driven polyurethane with enhanced dielectric properties

Impact of halloysite nanotubes on the curing characteristics, mechanical performance, and swelling resistance of SBR/NBR nanocomposites