Intelligent Systems and Computing

This article deals with variable universe fuzzy control (VUFC) based on adaptive error integral for uncertain nonlinear systems with time delay. A novel fuzzy control strategy is firstly addressed for the system to guarantee asymptotic stability. The strategy concludes in three modules: first, introduced an extended state observer to observe the extended state variables and estimate the unknown total disturbance and the unmodeled dynamics of the controlled plant; second, employ a tracking differentiator to track the dynamic characteristics of the input signal as quickly as possible in the strategy; and thirdly, develop a variable universe fuzzy control for the external-loop system with the observer and the differentiator. Compared with the existing results, the proposed strategy relaxes the restrictions on the conventional domain by the self-regulation of the tracking error domain during the operation of the system. Furthermore, to enhance the control accuracy of the controller, we define an extended adaptive error integral which can not only remain superior to the traditional error integral but also overcome the inferior. In addition, the boundedness of all signals of the presented systems is analyzed and proved by the Lyapunov theory. In the end, several simulation examples and some comparisons are presented to highlight the novelty and feasibility of the proposed method.

The traditional quantum genetic algorithm lacks convergence and is easy to enter local optimal problems, so we improve the steps of population initialization, including niche technology, chaos mutation, etc. These measures can solve the problems such as too fast convergence speed to some extent. In this paper, the algorithms that go through these operations are denoted as improved composite algorithms.It can be found that the improved composite algorithm basically reaches the optimal value when the 21st generation is around, however, the quantum genetic algorithm can reach the optimum only when the algorithm operation reaches about 35 generations. In addition, the improved composite algorithm has basically reached the optimal value of −0.9356 when iterated to about the 21st generation, while the traditional quantum genetic algorithm is still at a low level. As a result, the improved composite algorithms has quicker convergence speed and better searching ability than the traditional quantum genetic algorithm. Therefore, the improved composite algorithm is better than the traditional quantum genetic algorithm in solving the ideal reflector optimization problem based on FAST.

In this paper, we introduced the linear programming subject to max-product fuzzy relation inequalities with discrete variables to denote the optimization management model of physical distribution. It is shown that the inequalities constraints can be transformed into the problem of finding the all the potential minimal solution, and expressed by 2m linear equations in 0-1 mixed variables and mn inequalities. Then the original problem can converted into a 0-1 mixed-integer linear programming problem and then adopt to the branch-and-bound scheme to find optimal solution.

In this paper, we present a global optimization algorithm for globally solving the problem (CMPC) of minimizing a concave-concave multiplicative function with coefficient over a compact convex set. We firstly convert problem (CMPC) into an equivalent programming problem (CMPC(H)) by introducing 2p auxiliary variables. By utilizing the llinearization technique, initial non-convex nonlinear problem (CMPC) is reduced to a sequence of convex programming problems through the successive refinement of a linear relaxation of feasible region and of the objective function. It has been proved that the algorithm possesses global convergence. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate validity of the proposed method.

In this paper, a method for shape adjustment of active reflector panels of radio telescopes under certain constraints is proposed based on the artificial fish swarm algorithm, and a double Gaussian function is introduced to improve the traditional artificial fish swarm algorithm so that the algorithm can quickly escape from local extremes and improve the efficiency of iteration. A method to determine the ideal paraboloid is also proposed by using the coordinate system transformation, and a method to calculate the signal acceptance ratio is given to make the strategy more practical application.

Temperature control is very important to product quality in circuit board welding production of reflow furnace. In this paper, the mathematical model is used to analyze the temperature change in the center of the welding area of the circuit board in the reflow furnace, simulate different conditions, determine the optimal furnace passing speed of the conveyor belt, complete the temperature setting of each temperature zone, and gradually study the furnace temperature curve to solve the problem. This paper first discusses the structure and working principle of the reflow furnace. It is clear that the influencing factors of the furnace temperature curve are temperature zone temperature and furnace passing speed. The furnace temperature curve is drawn using the attachment data as the reference standard. The heat conduction model was established. The finite difference method was used to simplify the solution. On this basis, this paper changes the temperature value set in each small temperature zone, applies the heat conduction difference equation, takes the process boundary as the constraint condition, and takes the conveyor belt passing speed as the optimization goal to establish a single objective optimization model. The improved dichotomy search algorithm is used to quickly and accurately optimize the maximum conveyor belt passing speed.

With the development of various technologies, the demand for the accuracy of celestial electromagnetic reception of radio telescops has been significantly improved. In this research, we mainly take “FAST” as an example to examine the intelligent adjustment technology of the radio telescope's active reflector. We propose a model of active reflector adjustment of radio telescope based on mechanism model, and then determine the equation and position of ideal reflector when observing celestial bodies at different positions more accurately, finally, calculate the reception ratio of feed cabin under different situations. To reduce the cost of manual operation, we use the algorithm to intelligently track multiple celestial bodies and realize intelligent automatic reflector adjustment. Our model can provide a certain reference value for the research of radio telescopes, as well as be extended to other cross disciplines.

This paper mainly studies the credit risk of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, and establishes the financial credit risk evaluation model and credit limit decision model. 1. Cluster analysis method is used to construct loan quota model; 2. Build a ternary function interest rate model and use the optimal interest rate method; 3. According to the indicators in the wealth ranking method and RQ evaluation method, the reputation rating model is constructed through spearman correlation coefficient detection and multiple regression fitting to evaluate the reputation; 4. Build the optimal loan model, and solve the enterprise loan amount through computer simulation; 5. Establish the expression of stochastic process that includes the influence of corporate profit on systemic risk and make the optimal allocation of loan amount.

This paper puts forward solutions to the raw material ordering and transportation problems of a building and decoration plate production enterprise. For the importance of suppliers, Conduct a quantitative analysis of the supply characteristics, Establish a model of the importance evaluation index, The entropy weight method was used to empower each index, Using the TOPSIS method to quantify the importance of suppliers to the enterprise; For the determination of the transport scheme with the least loss, To solve the quantitative relationship between supplier supply materials and production demand using Monte Carlo method based on 0–1 planning, Solve the most economical weekly raw material ordering scheme based on the single-target planning model, Finally, select the index weight ranking high transporter to develop the transport plan with the least loss; For the formulation of ordering plans and transfer plans after reducing production costs, On the basis of the previous question, the multi-objective planning model is used to solve it; Regarding the determination of the ordering and transport programs for the next 24 weeks after the technical modification, By solving the maximum weekly capacity and ordering and transfer scheme of the enterprise, And compared with the fixed capacity of the increase in production capacity.

From the perspective of consumers, the paper identifies the design requirement attributes of Cantonese cultural and creative products based on the fuzzy Kano model. On the basis of the preliminary in-depth interview method, the fuzzy Kano model is constructed to classify consumer needs according to five demand attributes. According to the results of the fuzzy Kano model, the Better-Worse coefficients for different types of needs are calculated. Combined with the four quadrant model to rank the importance, the paper proposed corresponding design strategies for Cantonese cultural and creative products. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and design basis for Cantonese cultural and creative product design and other tourism cultural and creative product designs.

This paper explores the optimal catalyst combination for ethanol preparation of c4 olefin to promote the production of c4 olefin. Firstly, grey correlation analysis was used to analyze the influence of the catalyst composition on ethanol conversion and C4 olefin selectivity. Secondly, with the highest yield of C4 olefin as the goal and temperature and experimental material dosage as the limiting conditions, a single objective optimization model was established. Finally, the traditional genetic algorithm is improved with the idea of multi-population, and the improved algorithm is used to solve the model. This method can solve the immature convergence problem of genetic algorithm. Compared with the traditional genetic algorithm, the result of this algorithm is more accurate.

For the establishment of an ideal parabolic reflector adjustment model and the optimization of the reception effect of celestial electromagnetic waves reflected by the reflector, it is a major problem in the actual operation of the China Sky Eye FAST - 500 m aperture spherical radio telescope. This paper makes reasonable assumptions about the working state of the active reflector, determines the ideal paraboloid, and optimizes the mediation scheme of the reflector in combination with the specific situation, providing theoretical reference for the actual operation and testing.The ideal paraboloid is determined when the object to be observed is directly above the reference sphere. First of all, the FAST reflection principle is obtained by focusing analysis of concave mirror and working principle of active reflection panel. Combined with the relative displacement of the apex of the paraboloid and the reference sphere, the expansion length of the apex of the paraboloid is obtained, thus enhancing the adjustability of the model. Finally, the parabolic equation in the three-dimensional plane is obtained by rotating the two-dimensional parabola around the z-axis.When the object S to be observed is located, the ideal paraboloid is determined, and the reflective panel adjustment model is established. First, the virtual time angle coordinate system is established, and then the horizontal right angle coordinate system is established according to the position of FSAT. The paraboloid expression is obtained through the time angle coordinate and the horizontal right angle expression. Using the virtual coordinate system, the paraboloid whose vertex coincides with the center of the reflecting surface is defined as the reference paraboloid in this system, and the polar coordinate equation is obtained.For determining the movable points covered by the paraboloid, we establish a sphere coverage model and calculate the Euclidean distance to determine the number of specific coverage points. Determine the polar angle corresponding to the point according to the position coordinates of the cable point within the effective aperture. Then calculate the extreme length of the cable point after changing its position to obtain the actual expansion.

With the development of society, it has become increasingly evident that the knowledge possessed by university graduates cannot meet the needs of society. Exploring what abilities students need to possess in order to adapt to the demands of social development after graduation is a very realistic research topic. This paper proposes a cooperative learning model based on Internet+ and combines it with project-based learning, demonstrating through empirical research that the model is effective in enhancing the innovation and entrepreneurship abilities of college students. The paper suggests that in order to produce high-level innovation and entrepreneurship works, it is necessary for talented individuals with professional, innovative, and technical skills to undergo effective cooperative learning based on Internet+. This is an optimized solution that can be used for cultivating the innovation and entrepreneurship abilities of students.

China is mainly prepared with fossil raw materials, C4 olefin, ethanol is a good raw material for the preparation of low-carbon olefins, but due to the preparation of ethanol coupling, the reaction principle of C4 olefins is more complicated, and a lot of research has not been invested in China, on this basis, the comprehensive use of BP neural network, genetic algorithm, orthogonal test and other methods, combined with SPSSpro, MATLAB and other software to process the data, explore the influence of catalyst combination and temperature on C4. Olefin yield. The results showed that when the Co load was 2 wt%, the Co/SiO2 content was 120 mg, the HAP content was 200 mg, the ethanol concentration was 2.1ml/min and the temperature was 400, the yield of C4. Olefin was about 62%. The obtained ethanol coupling preparation, the optimal control scheme of C4. Olefins is more efficient, can effectively promote the production of C4 olefins, in order to make up for the traditional preparation, C4 olefins shortcomings. And it can provide additional researchers with certain ideas.

With the improvement of people’s living standard, the demand for ecotourism is becoming more and more vigorous, which provides the impetus for the implementation of ecotourism network points system. Taking South China Botanical Garden in Guangzhou as the research object, through questionnaire survey and interview methods, this paper analyzes the tourists’ cognition of eco-tourism network point system. The results show that the proportion of tourists who love nature and pay attention to ecological protection is relatively high, but the proportion of tourists who participate in ecological protection through actual behavior is low, and the awareness of ecological and environmental protection is not synchronized with the behavior. It is of practical significance to implement the eco-tourism points system.

Consider the following mini-game: With a map, players use initial funds to buy a certain amount of water and food (including food and other daily necessities), and walk through the desert from the starting point. Depending on the weather you will encounter on the way, you can also replenish funds or resources in mines and villages, with the goal of reaching the finish line within the allotted time and keeping as much money as possible. During the game, sometimes the player does not know all the situations, and sometimes does not know all the situations, at this time how to determine the walking route; Sometimes there are multiple players playing the game, and you need to determine the walking route.

Research on q-rung orthopair fuzzy information aggregation serves as a significant part of the q-rung orthopair fuzzy set theory. Note that the aggregation operators are built on operations over q-rung orthopair fuzzy values. Recently, the Hamacher operations, generalizations of algebraic and Einstein operations, on q-rung orthopair fuzzy information were proposed. In this paper, we give an exhaustively theoretical analysis of these developed operations for q-rung orthopair fuzzy values. Particularly, we investigate the operational rules of q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher operations, and the results are consistent with our expectation. Thus the meaningfulness of these operations is confirmed, which provides a solid fundamental basis for further studies. Moreover, the monotonicity and limiting cases of these operations with respect to parameters contained therein are examined.

Healthcare referral in a two-tier service system, transferring patients from an overcrowded comprehensive hospital to an idle community hospital has become an important means of Chinese healthcare reform for balancing the supply of and demand for care service at different level hospitals. To effectively implement such a healthcare referral program, the government may offer a subsidy to patients or a comprehensive hospital. The paper examines the operating efficiency of such a subsidy scheme associated with the healthcare referral program. By establishing a game-theoretic queuing model involving patients, hospitals, and government, we first present the optimal strategy in terms of referral rate and capacity level under the centralized and decentralized systems, respectively. We find that both the optimal referral rate and the optimal capacity level for the decentralized system are never more than those for the centralized system. Then when the objective of the government is to maximize the referral rate of patients subject to the constraint that the optimal referral rate for the centralized system is as a maximum (upper bound), we explore a feasible subsidy mechanism in coordinating the overall healthcare system. Our results indicate that for an inadequate budget, the equilibrium subsidy strategy is suboptimal for the two-tier healthcare system; for a relatively medium budget, the equilibrium subsidy strategy is optimal only when subsidizing the comprehensive hospital; for a sufficient budget, there always exists an optimal subsidy strategy for maximizing the patient welfare as well as coordinating the overall healthcare system.

To study the problem of weighted probabilistic linguistic term set (WPLTS) multi-attribute group decision making. Firstly, WPLTS and WPHFS are defined, and a method to convert WPLTS to WPHFS is given. Secondly, the membership, probability and expert weight in WPHFS are described in the form of three-dimensional point coordinates, on whose basis, a three-dimensional score value model, a three-dimensional deviation model, a distance model for measuring two WPHFEs, and a rule for comparing the size of two WPHFEs are established. Thirdly, the calculation methods of objective weight, comprehensive weight and attribute external weight, internal weight and comprehensive weight of decision experts are set respectively. Finally, under the three weight categories of the three weights and attributes of the decision experts, the maclaurin symmetric average operator is used to aggregate WPHFE to obtain the comprehensive decision value of each scheme and then rank the alternatives. It is not only feasible to transform the WPLTS decision-making problem into the WPHFS decision-making problem to solve it, but also the decision-making model established according to the weight and attribute weight of different types of decision-making experts and the “r” parameter can more objectively optimize the scheme from multiple dimensions.

Digital logistics is based on digital economy, digital technology, machine learning, computational thinking and other theoretical methods. The changeability, complexity and digital industrialization of market demand promote the digital transformation of logistics industry. Digital logistics adopts digital technology to optimize the logistics system for the whole factor and whole process of logistics, so as to realize the digitalization of logistics management process, management means and management technology, improve the supply chain logistics service and efficiency level, and reduce the total factor logistics cost of supply chain, value chain and industry chain. The core of digital logistics is to transform traditional logistics with digital technology. The development of digital logistics not only needs to adopt advanced digital technology, but also needs to have advanced logistics management technology. Digital logistics has been applied to trade logistics, cross-border trade, port and shipping logistics, emergency logistics and other fields and scenarios. Some enterprises build the middle stage of digital logistics and realize the integrated application of digital logistics. In order to promote the development of digital logistics, innovation is needed in management mode, business model and market forecast. Promoting the construction of modern digital logistics system is of milestone significance to the high-quality development of China’s logistics industry.

In this paper, An optimization model for dual referral of medical treatment combination is established via queuing theory and cooperative game incentive mechanism. We establishes a queuing theory model for dual referral in the medical association and analyzes the impact of the referral rate on the revenue and crowding degree of central and community hospitals under the medical association model. In the form of medical alliance, when the referral rate continues to increase, the division of labor between central hospitals and community hospitals becomes more and more clear. Central hospitals focus on high-technology medical treatment such as surgery, while community hospitals focus on basic medical treatment such as rehabilitation, which can maximize the overall benefits. To reduce the overall congestion of the system, the higher the referral rate is not the better, it needs the joint coordination of central and community hospitals. In the initial decision making, the central hospital in the medical consortium can choose a higher referral rate, and at the same time, it should consider the resource limitation of the community hospital and cooperate with the community hospital with more beds. Secondly, through the cooperative game theory, different incentive measures are designed to analyze the situation of simultaneously rewarding central hospitals and community hospitals and only rewarding central hospitals. The latter can achieve a higher referral rate faster with less funds, and the optimal investment capital is about half of the original revenue. Meanwhile, the willingness of community hospitals to cooperate should be considered to achieve a win-win result.

Yi Wen, invented by us, is a special language that can be used uniformly by people with visual, auditory and other disabilities. It is an important tool for people with disabilities to think, learn and communicate all over the world regardless of nationality or race, and it is also a unique presentation of integrating the diversity of human languages. Yi Wen has four characteristics: easy to write, to spell, to remember and to connect. Yi Wen promotes the communication of disabled people to enter the Internet era. We adopt the digital technology of digital code, set up a special communication system by ourselves, and use the barrier-free language communication of network media to fundamentally solve the world problem of communication between disabled and normal people, and help disabled people start businesses, so as to truly realize the great integration of the people of the world, community of Shared Future for Mankind.

In response to the difficulty of choosing a supervisor for prospective postgraduate, this research proposes a method for recommending postgraduate supervisors. The method starts with prospective postgraduate describing their good wishes for selecting a supervisor, initially drawing up the candidate supervisors of the college they apply to, and then using the crowd familiarity level with the candidate supervisors as natural intelligence perceptron, let each natural intelligence perceptron independently rank the candidate supervisors’ recommendations, and through the information integration algorithm, obtain the consensus ranking of the candidate supervisors, and prospective postgraduate can select supervisors based on the consensus ranking. To encourage positiveness and professionalism among assessors, the method draws on positive-sum game mechanisms. To encourage evaluators’ positiveness and professionalism, this method draws on the positive sum game mechanism to design the recommendation contribution level algorithm, which quantifies the assessor’s contribution to the recommendation assessment. And pay the assessor according to the level of contribution, allowing the assessor to be paid negatively. The research also designed an effectiveness feedback algorithm, which assesses the actual effectiveness of prospective postgraduate in selecting a supervisor by the recommendation results, and secondary distribution of the reward to the assessors based on the effectiveness feedback. This research demonstrates the calculation process of the postgraduate supervisor recommendation method using instance.

In this paper, a new solution method of quadratic programming with max-min fuzzy relation equation constraint is putting forward. Firstly, the optimal solution to some special fuzzy relation quadratic programming is researched. Secondly, some rules are presented to simplify the original programming. Finally, the new algorithm is given based on the simplified programming and the branch and bound method, the new algorithm does not need to find all feasible minimal solutions. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented new algorithm.

Referring to the method of Guo Yankui [1] and others in the field of single classification, this paper proposes a correlation attribute based on graph operation. Multi-label classification and selection algorithm. The algorithm takes the correlation between labels and attributes and between attributes as the weights of bipartite graphs and complete graphs respectively, sets thresholds for graph operation, constructs maximal connected subgraphs, and finally obtains the optimal attribute subset. This subset can effectively contain the information in the original data set. In this paper, the commonly used multi-label classification data sets are selected for experiments. Experiments show that this algorithm can effectively reduce the data dimension, reduce redundant information and improve the classification rate in multi-label data sets.

With the development of the experience economy, tourists actively participate in the process of product production and service delivery to obtain experience value. From the perspective of tourist perception, this paper constructs a “Motivation-Behavior-Outcome” mechanism of tourist value co-creation using factor analysis, regression analysis, and fuzzy evaluation methods, based on the data collected in a recent survey. This paper has concluded that tourism enterprises should stimulate the motivation of tourist value co-creation, promote tourist value co-creation behavior, and enhance tourist experience value, for the purpose of achieving win-win cooperation between supply and demand, and promote the development of tourism industry.

To overcome the shortcomings of traditional engine fuel testing equipment such as poor portability, poor stability, and expensive, a portable fuel density testing instrument was designed and developed. The physical anti-Jamming technology and temperature compensation technology are used to simplify the tedious experimental process used in the traditional method, and the impact of temperature changes on the measurement accuracy of the testing instrument is analyzed and explained, and the U-type tube vibration technology is used to address the problem of low measurement accuracy of the current fuel density measurement method, and the final real-time density measurement accuracy reaches 0.0001g/cm3 and the measurement range is (0.6000–2.000) g/cm3. The results show that the instrument can meet the demand of fuel density measurement with high accuracy, strong stability, and portability through the core components of double U-type tube and temperature compensation technology.

The diversity and complexity of system structure determines to study the utility function of system structure weights, and the relationship between the system structure and the utility function. The feedback, scale, and inclusion are the three basic system structures, which characteristics are similar to those of the previously studied series and parallel. They all consist of subsystems which can be regarded as elements of a system, if the subsystem is regarded as the new parent system, the relationship between the subsystem and its next level subsystem is similar to that between the subsystem and its parent system. In this paper, we have established utility function of system structure weights of feedback, scale and inclusion, and tried to take the green innovation system of manufacturing industry as an example.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is the second leading cause of perinatal death, of which late-onset fetal growth restriction (LFGR) accounts for 70%–80% and has a low detection rate. Cardiotocography (CTG) is a routine tool for antepartum fetal monitoring, continuously recording fetal heart rate (FHR) to assess the development of the fetus. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a hybrid DF-SHAP model that screens LFGR in routine CTG monitoring using deep forest (DF) and Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP). Firstly, principal component analysis, spearman correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were implemented to explore significant FHR features for LFGR. After data preprocessing, deep forest multi-granularity scanning was introduced to probe the connection among the features. Then the cascade forest phase, which was designed to integrate random forest, extra trees, logistic regression and extreme gradient boosting as the basic classifiers, iteratively generated new layers and finally got the best performance model. Finally, SHAP was introduced to enhance the interpretability of DF and to interpret the impact of each feature on the predicted value. The experimental results showed that the proposed DF-SHAP model outperformed the state-of-the-art LFGR recognition models using CTG data and had good interpretability. This indicates that the DF-SHAP model is feasible for screening LFGR in antepartum fetal monitoring.

In recent years, the fuzzy relation inequalities, with addition-min or max-min composition, were introduced for describing the P2P network system. A solution of the fuzzy relation inequalities corresponds to a feasible scheme in the P2P network system. In this work, we aim to find a solution of the max-min fuzzy relation inequalities, which is closest to a given vector. Here, the given vector is not a solution. We propose an novel method for obtaining the closest solution. A numerical example is given to illustrate our proposed method.

In financial systems, many concepts or attributes are often unclear, and in economic operations, there are also many factors that are beyond human control and difficult to define. However, these uncertain factors play a non-negligible role in ensuring the smooth operation of a system. In this paper, we analyze the financial system from the perspective of fuzzy mathematics. In the use of online survey data, mainly adopts the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, combined with multi-level analysis method and expert investigation method, with reference to satisfaction, feasibility, and other indicators, to judge and statistically analyze the selected financial system and establish a reasonable fuzzy evaluation model. This paper selects the credit status assessment of enterprises when commercial banks conduct credit business as the object and establishes an index system by analyzing the financial data indicators of enterprises, the previous financial status of the enterprises, and the data quality of credit reference system to propose a new method for the evaluation of the financial system and provide a scientific basis for the improvement and optimization of the financial system.

The spike protein of COVID-19 original strain D614 contains three antigenic long fragments with 37 amino acids or more, namely D614, N148 and I358. The antigen precision is 25.23, 26.92, and 31.66, respectively. The mutation time of these three long fragments was 3, 10 and 23.4 months after the COVID-19 outbreak. There is a correlation between antigen precision and mutation time, R2 = 0.996. The precision of these long antigens determines the difficulty of mutation, which has statistical significance after statistical testing, P = 0.03. The mutations caused by long antigen mutations are the D614G strain, Delta strain, and Omicron strain that cause the world pandemic. This discovery will provide a simple tool for predicting mutations, which can be used not only to predict mutations of COVID-19, but also to predict mutations of pathogens of other infectious diseases and has reference value for mutation prediction of new infectious diseases in the future.