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2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Introduction

Authors : Steven W. Bender, William F. Arrocha

Published in: Compassionate Migration and Regional Policy in the Americas

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK

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Abstract

Based on the pressing need for more compassionate and human rights-based approaches to immigration, the introduction summarizes the key points of this volume that address the political, legal, and related hardships that irregular migrants confront in the Americas. Chapters 2–6 examine the history of today’s U.S. closed-door policies that exclude migration from the South. Chapters 7–13 examine the relationships between Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and the state as they engage in domestic and regional dialogues to prevent human rights abuses of migrant workers, transmigrants, irregular migrants, and refugees. Chapters 14–19 tackle the debates on how compassion is defined and practiced. They also examine how compassion can become policy and from where the push for compassionate migration actions and policies comes. Finally, the authors propose and articulate their own conceptualization of compassionate migration.

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Footnotes
1
Alexander Betts describes “survival migrants” as those migrants who flee because of serious right deprivations but nevertheless fall outside common legal understandings of a refugee. For a full study on “survival migration” see Betts (2013).
 
2
IOM 2016 “Worldwide Migrant Deaths Top 4,000; Mediterranean Deaths Pass 3,100,” https://​www.​iom.​int/​news/​worldwide-migrant-deaths-top-4000-mediterranean-deaths-pass-3100.
 
3
IOM 2016.
 
4
“Irregular migration” is the preferred term in international organizations to refer to those migrants who lack legal status in the transit or host country. “Irregular migration” is synonymous with “unauthorized migration” as well as “undocumented migration” and can be used interchangeably.
 
5
Donald Trump also targeted Muslims and Syrian refugees, suggesting more broadly he would ban immigrants from any nation with a history of terrorism. One of the first acts of the Trump regime was to temporarily halt entry of Syrian refugees or migrants from several majority-Muslim countries.
 
6
United Nations 2016. 2015 International Migration Report, 1.
 
7
UN 2016.
 
8
OAS-OECD 2011, “International Migration in the Americas: First Report of the Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREM),” Washington, DC.
 
9
The so-called comprehensive immigration reform continues to face an uncertain political future in the U.S., as the momentum for it periodically starts and stalls. When new proposals have emerged during the past two decades, they seem to reinforce rather than ameliorate past dysfunctions and poor policy decisions, escalate anti-immigrant pushback and harsh crackdowns on migration, and reflect the influence of xenophobic politics.
 
10
See Chapter 5 for discussion of the executive orders and the legal challenge brought by several U.S. states.
 
Literature
go back to reference Betts, Alexander. 2013. Survival Migration: Failed Governance and the Crisis of Displacement. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Betts, Alexander. 2013. Survival Migration: Failed Governance and the Crisis of Displacement. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Metadata
Title
Introduction
Authors
Steven W. Bender
William F. Arrocha
Copyright Year
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55074-3_1