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2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Introduction

Authors : Maksym Ivanyna, Alex Mourmouras, Peter Rangazas

Published in: The Macroeconomics of Corruption

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

It is clear that the government is needed to lay the foundation for economic development. Development cannot occur without a public infrastructure that establishes and facilitates markets via the provision of national defense, a transportation system, legal protection of private property and marketable ideas, education and basic research, and a stable currency. In the early stages of development, governments also establish the first banks and corporations, often in partnership with private owners. The fundamental issue of public sector economics is how to constrain the government to provide these goods and services in a way that benefits most citizens rather than the private interests of politicians and the relatively small groups of their most important supporters.

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Footnotes
1
Wallis (2006, p. 23).
 
2
Glaeser and Goldin (2006), p. 7).
 
3
Woodruff (1993).
 
4
See, for example, Bueno de Mesquita and Smith (2011) and Cost (2015).
 
5
de Wall (2016)
 
6
Reinikka and Svensson (2004).
 
7
Tanzi and Davoodi (1997), Pritchett (1996, 2000), Keefer and Knack (2007), Olken (2007), Baliamoune-Lutz and Ndikumana (2008), and Haque and Kneller (2008, 2012).
 
8
Bueno de Mesquita and Smith (2011), Van der Does de Willibois et al. (2011), and Chayes (2015).
 
9
Zoakos (2010).
 
10
Cohen and Federico (2001), Brosio and Marchese (1986), and Tanzi and Davoodi (1997).
 
11
Olsson (2014, pp. 271–272) and Zurcher (2004, pp. 267, 286, and 308–309).
 
12
Romero (2016) and Lyons and Luhnow (2016).
 
13
Clarke and Hardiman (2012).
 
14
Jones (2015).
 
15
Mulligan and Tsui (2015).
 
16
Das et al. (2018) and Mourmouras and Rangazas (2009).
 
17
World Bank (2008, Table 1).
 
18
Padro i Miguel (2007).
 
19
Chayes (2015).
 
20
Pritchett (1996).
 
21
Van der Does de Willibois et al. (2011).
 
22
See Rueters news service reports for May 9, 2014, June 13, 2014, and March 16, 2015 on Rueters.com
 
23
Rueters report, May 9, 2014.
 
24
Cost (2015, Chap. 10).
 
25
Jones (2015).
 
26
For discussion of the college bias that serves to misallocate human capital investment see Murray (2008) and Bennett and Wilezol (2013). The potentially high returns for many students from preschool and vocational training are discussed in Heckman (2013) and Newman and Winston (2016).
 
27
Besley (2007, pp. 21–25) provides a nice discussion of the issues involved in defining good governance.
 
28
See, for example, Ferguson (2012, pp. 43–45).
 
29
The utilitarian social welfare function is commonly used, but is also subject to criticism. Arguments in favor of making the interpersonal comparisons of utility, that are needed to make the social welfare approach logically consistent and pragmatic, can be found in Besley (2007, pp. 21–25 and Chap. 2), Binmore (2007, Chap. 19), and Stigler and Becker (1977). We view the utilitarian social welfare function as a simple way of expositing the rationale for the principles of good governance.
 
30
See Besley (2007) for an analysis of the situation where particular politicians matter—i.e. of the situation where there are different types and where who gets selected into office makes a difference.
 
31
Caplan (2007, 2009) makes a case against assuming fully rational voters.
 
32
For an explanation of the connection between the relative sizes of agriculture and government, see Das et al. (2018, Chap. 8).
 
33
Lambsdorff et al. (2005, p. 3).
 
34
Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman (1981).
 
35
Guiso et al. (2006) and Fernandez (2010).
 
36
Fischer et al. (1992), Erard and Feinstein (1994), Andreoni et al. (1998), King and Sheffrin (2002), Orviska and Hudson (2002), Slemrod (2003), and Schneider and Klinglmair (2004).
 
37
Johnson et al. (1998, Figures 6–9), Uslander (2005, Table 5.3), Alm and Torgler (2006), and Buehn and Schneider (2009, Figure 2).
 
38
Schulze and Frank (2003), Barr and Serra (2010), and Robert and Arnad (2013).
 
39
Gatchter and Schulz (2016).
 
40
Kotlikoff (2003), Kotlikoff and Burns (2004, 2012), Hubbard and Kane (2013) and Ferguson (2012).
 
41
Ivanyna et al. (2015).
 
42
Kaufman (2010), Grechyna (2010, 2012), Cooray and Schneider (2013) and Achury et al. (2015).
 
43
Svensson (2005).
 
44
See, for example, Kumar and Woo (2010).
 
45
See, for example, the recent papers by Alm et al. (2016) and Litina and Palivos (2016).
 
46
For example, Easterly et al. (2004).
 
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Metadata
Title
Introduction
Authors
Maksym Ivanyna
Alex Mourmouras
Peter Rangazas
Copyright Year
2021
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67557-8_1