Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Cover of the book

2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Introduction

Author : Matias Acosta

Published in: Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Multifunctional ceramics have become increasingly important in advanced technologies because they transduce electrical, mechanical, thermal, optical, and magnetic energies (Testino in Int J Appl Ceram Technol 10:723, 2013) [1].

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
next chapter Theoretical Background
Footnotes
1
Note that ½ is used as subscript instead of 0.5. The reader should be aware that this nomenclature is used to indicate that Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 is a stoichiometric compound rather than a solid solution.
 
2
Unless stated, all compositions in this work will be given in mol fractions.
 
Literature
1.
2.
J. Rödel, A.B.N. Kounga, M. Weissenberger-Eibl, D. Koch, A. Bierwisch, W. Rossner, M.J. Hoffmann, R. Danzer, G. Schneider, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 29, 1549 (2009)CrossRef
3.
4.
Piezoelectric Ceramic, Polymer and Ceramic/Polymer Composite Devices—Types, Materials, Applications, New Developments, Industry Structure and Global Markets (Innovative Research and Products Inc. Stamford, USA). www.​innoresearch.​net (2014)
5.
6.
7.
8.
European Standard: Part 3-Methods of measurement-High power, EN 50324-3 (2002)
9.
K. Uchino, J. Zheng, A. Joshi, Y.H. Chen, S. Yoshikawa, S. Hirose, S. Takahashi, J.W.C. de Vries, J. Electroceram. 2, 33 (1998)CrossRef
10.
J. Rödel, K.G. Webber, R. Dittmer, W. Jo, M. Kimura, D. Damjanovic, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35, 1659 (2015)CrossRef
11.
M.S. Senousy, R.K.N.D. Rajapakse, D. Mumford, M.S. Gadala, Smart Mater. Struct. 18, 045008 (2009)CrossRef
12.
R.W. Johnson, J.L. Evans, P. Jacobsen, J.R. Thompson, M. Christopher, IEEE Trans. Electron. Packag. Manuf. 27, 164 (2004)CrossRef
13.
14.
15.
Y.H. Seo, M. Vögler, D. Isaia, E. Aulbach, J. Rödel, K.G. Webber, Acta Mater. 61, 6418 (2013)CrossRef
16.
17.
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. United Nations Conference 151/25, 1 ILM 874 (1992)
18.
R.L. Ottinger, N. Robinson, V. Tafur, Stockholm Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment Compendium of Sustainable Energy Laws (Cambridge University Press, U.K., 2005)
19.
20.
21.
Law for the Promotion of Effective Utilization of Resources. Ministery of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan (2001)
22.
EU-Directive 2002/96/EC, Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Official J. Eur. Union L 37, 24 (2003)
23.
California’s Restriction on the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Some Electronic Devices (RoHS). Section 25214.10 of the State Health and Safety Code (2003)
24.
Prohibition on Certain Hazardous Substances in Consumer Products. Product Regulations Norway (2004)
25.
Measures for the Administration on Pollution Control of Electronic Information Products. Ministry of Information Industry China 39 (2006)
26.
Act for Resource Recycling of Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Vehicles. Environment and Labor Committee of the National Assembly of Korea 6319 (2007)
27.
Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. Ministry of Environment and Forestry Turkey Regulation 26891 (2008)
28.
EU-Directive 2011/65/EU, Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS). Official J. Eur. Union L 174, 88 (2011)
29.
J. Rödel, W. Jo, K.T.P. Seifert, E.M. Anton, T. Granzow, D. Damjanovic, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92, 1153 (2009)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Introduction
Author
Matias Acosta
Copyright Year
2016
Book
Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-27755-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-27756-1

Copyright Year: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27756-1_1

Premium Partners

    Image Credits