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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Ionospheric Variability

Author : Ljiljana R. Cander

Published in: Ionospheric Space Weather

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The focus is on how ionospheric variability with height produces the different regions, which are the dominant features of the plasma medium under normal and extreme conditions over the European zone, during the last few Solar Cycles. Examples are given for months representing ionospheric summer, equinox, and winter conditions during low and high solar activity epochs, revealing significant solar and seasonal dependence, as well as local time dependence from one day to another during quiet geomagnetic conditions. Sudden TEC decreases during the most recent solar eclipses are reviewed.

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Title: Ionospheric Variability
Author: Ljiljana R. Cander
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Ionospheric Space Weather
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99330-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-99331-7

Copyright Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99331-7_4