Iridium-Catalyzed Undirected Homogeneous C–H Borylation Reaction

The chapter delves into the latest advances in iridium-catalyzed undirected homogeneous C–H borylation reactions, with a focus on substrates such as heteroarenes, arenes, and alkanes. It explores the mechanisms behind these reactions, including the accepted catalytic cycle based on Hartwig's experimental studies. The chapter also discusses the various catalysts and ligands used, such as [Ir(μ-Cl)(COD)]2, [Ir(μ-OMe)(COD)]2, and [Ir(η6-mes)(Bpin)3], and their modifications. Additionally, it highlights the relevance of these reactions in achieving high selectivity without the need for directing groups. The chapter provides a detailed analysis of the borylation of heteroarenes, arenes, and alkanes, including the influence of different ligands and substrates on regioselectivity. It also covers the development of new catalytic systems and the use of theoretical calculations to understand the reaction mechanisms. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the future challenges and potential directions in the field of iridium-catalyzed C–H borylation.