Islamic revolution and Anfal

The article examines the historical and theoretical underpinnings of the term 'Islamic revolution' and its evolution through the works of Maududi and Khomeini. It focuses on the concept of 'Anfal' in Islamic public finance, which includes resources like barren lands, mines, and confiscated properties. The article argues that Anfal has institutionalized a confiscatory regime in Iran, leading to the emergence of Islamic political capitalism, a system that differs from both state socialism and free market capitalism. The author periodizes the progression of Anfal into three phases, culminating in the Islamic economic revolution under Khamenei, which has resulted in the domination of Anfal over the Iranian economy. The article highlights the unique features of Islamic political capitalism, including the fusion of sovereignty and property, the primacy of political criteria over economic efficiency, and the promotion of rent-seeking activities. This comprehensive analysis provides insights into the economic system shaped by the Islamic revolution in Iran, making it a valuable read for specialists in Islamic studies, political science, and economics.