Finds documents with both search terms in any word order, permitting "n" words as a maximum distance between them. Best choose between 15 and 30 (e.g. NEAR(recruit, professionals, 20)).
Finds documents with the search term in word versions or composites. The asterisk * marks whether you wish them BEFORE, BEHIND, or BEFORE and BEHIND the search term (e.g. lightweight*, *lightweight, *lightweight*).
CO2 is a significant fire detection parameter. However, its effectiveness can be compromised by high background concentrations, leading to false alarms or inaccurate detection. To mitigate the effects of uncertain ambient background concentrations …
This paper presents unpublished results and analysis of data collected in a survey with survivors of the Kiss nightclub fire. The goal is to better understand their behavior and the factors that influenced in the evacuation process on the night of …
With the increase of bridges and vehicles, bridge fire accidents are constantly reported, which seriously threaten the structural stability of bridges and traffic safety. A 1:8 large-size double-deck bridge fire experimental platform was …
Z-shaped passages are commonly used for connecting underground spaces such as subway entrances and mining laneways to the ground surface, consisting of alternating horizontal and inclined sections. As Z-shaped passages are typically used for …
The ability of carbon dioxide gaseous species profile measurements to track the time of visual fire extinction was examined using a small-scale backdraft compartment. Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations were measured using a tunable diode laser …
Evaluating the flexural capacity of post-fire corroded RC beams is crucial for post-disaster repair and structural reinforcement. In this study, a machine learning (ML)-based prediction model is developed to estimate the flexural capacity of RC …
Lithium-ion battery (LiB) powered devices are in use every day and function as designed, however there have been reports of fatal fires involving LiB powered micro-mobility vehicles from around the globe. When a LiB fails and starts a fire, it is …
As an important infrastructure, urban power substation contributes to human life, economy and society. However, once a fire occurs, it may bring catastrophic casualties, economic losses and adverse social impacts. Due to the low frequency of fire …
Understanding thermal hazards and improving safety measures are two key aspects in virtual fire drill and evacuation simulation. Accurate simulation of radiative heat flux on the surface of human body in fire is critical for the two aspects.
This study aims to facilitate the study of traffic dynamics in wildfire evacuation scenarios. To do so, it defines a set of traffic performance indicators to investigate traffic dynamics before and during wildfire evacuation events. These …
As more buildings around the world are becoming accessible, the question of egressibility, i.e., accessible evacuation, is important to assess. To achieve egressibility for people who are unable to use the stairs, areas of refuge or occupant …
Urban underground tunnels, particularly bifurcated roads, are essential to modern transportation systems but face significant fire safety challenges. This study investigates the fire resilience of urban bifurcated tunnels under natural …
In the present paper, pinewood samples with varied thicknesses incorporating different additives, including fish gelatine, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), triphenylphosphine (TPP), diammonium phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) and …
The traditional tunnel fire retardant coating has low strength and poor durability, which will cause damage and cracks due to the pre-disaster of tunnel fire and reduce the fire resistance. To overcome these defects, this study developed a …
Fire safety urgently requires better automatic early fire detection. While vision-based methods are promising, a clear benchmark for deep learning models tailored for this specific area has been lacking. This paper presents the first comprehensive …