The differential swelling seen between softwood opposite wood (OW) and its neighbouring compression wood (CW) developed in branches prompts several engineering issues such as dimensional instability and cracking. For a more efficient use of …

During the dehydration of waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW), shrinkage inevitably occurs due to capillary force and hydrogen bond recombination as WAW loses free and adsorbed water. Existing drying techniques, including solvent displacement …

The transient dimensional changes during hygro-expansion and hydro-expansion of freely and restrained dried, softwood and hardwood sheets and fibers is monitored, to unravel the governing micro-mechanisms occurring during gradual water saturation.

Considering the bioactive composition and therapeutic interest of Ficus carica, much research has been conducted on its fruits and leaves. However, there has been relatively little investigation regarding the wood bark, despite its potential as a …