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13-05-2025 | Original Article
Lead-cnn: lightweight enhanced dimension reduction convolutional neural network for brain tumor classification
Authors: Saif Ur Rehman Khan, Sohaib Asif, Omair Bilal, Hafeez Ur Rehman
Published in: International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics
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Abstract
The article presents a groundbreaking approach to brain tumor classification using MRI images, focusing on the development of a lightweight, enhanced dimension reduction convolutional neural network (LEAD-CNN). The complexity and critical nature of brain tumors necessitate precise and efficient diagnostic tools, which traditional methods often struggle to provide. The LEAD-CNN model addresses these challenges by employing a streamlined architecture that reduces the number of parameters and computational complexity, making it suitable for real-time applications. The study highlights the superior performance of the LEAD-CNN model, achieving impressive accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The article also provides a comprehensive comparison with existing models, demonstrating the advantages of the LEAD-CNN in terms of efficiency and accuracy. Additionally, the research includes detailed evaluations of hyperparameter configurations, ablation studies, and performance metrics, offering insights into the model's robustness and generalizability. The findings underscore the potential of the LEAD-CNN model in enhancing brain tumor detection, paving the way for more accurate and timely diagnoses in clinical settings.
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Abstract
In many nations, brain tumors are among the most serious medical conditions affecting both adults and children. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial, as the life of a patient may be shortened if brain tumors are not identified promptly. When brain tumors are diagnosed accurately and promptly, patients can receive the appropriate treatment. One of the challenging aspects of dealing with brain tumors is their diversity, making it difficult to categorize them accurately due to their varying characteristics. Deep learning (DL) models have emerged as a valuable tool in classifying brain tumors into distinct groups. However, these models face challenges related to accuracy and computational cost, necessitating advancements in brain image classification. Our primary aim is to develop a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that offers high efficiency, we incorporate a modified dimension reduction block with CNN to detect brain cancers with minimal computational resources while maintaining a high level of accuracy. In this research, we introduce a novel lightweight network called LEAD-CNN, designed specifically for the accurate and reliable identification of brain cancers from magnetic resonance images (MRI). Our approach begins by evaluating the effectiveness of several pre-trained DL models, including ResNet-101, VGG-19, MobileNet-V1, and DenseNet-201, which have been recommended for the classification of medical images. Subsequently, we propose a dimension reduction base CNN architecture with a lightweight design aimed at achieving a low false-negative rate in tumor image classification for patients. To assess the performance of the proposed model, we utilize a benchmark brain MRI dataset (Kaggle) comprising 7023 images, encompassing three different types of brain tumors long with normal brain images. Our experimental results are demonstrating an overall classification accuracy of 98.70%, with an average recall, F1-score, and precision of 98.60%, 98.62, and 98.65%, respectively. These findings underscore the robustness and reliability of the LEAD-CNN model. The results reveal that the LEAD-CNN model surpasses current techniques, offering a valuable tool to aid medical practitioners in the diagnosis of brain cancers.