1 Introduction
2 Architecture
2.1 Autonomous Agent at the UE
2.2 Integration of Cloud Services
3 Network Selection Algorithm
3.1 Analysis of Selection Criteria
Saaty’s scale | Relative importance of two criterion |
---|---|
1 | Equally important |
3 | Moderately important with one over another |
5 | Strongly important |
7 | Very strongly important |
9 | Extremely important |
2, 4, 6, 8 | Intermediate values |
3.2 Ranking Selection Criteria
3.2.1 Total Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)
3.2.2 Distance to Ideal Alternative (DIA)
3.3 Reinforcement Learning in the Selection Algorithm
4 Performance Analysis
4.1 Simulation Parameters
RAN | Available bandwidth (AB) (Mbps) | Delay (D) (ms) | Packet loss (PL) | Jitter (J) (ms) |
---|---|---|---|---|
UMTS | 0.1–2 | 25–50 | 20–80 | 4–10 |
WLAN | 1–11 | 100–150 | 20–80 | 10–20 |
WiMax | 1–60 | 60–100 | 20–80 | 3–10 |
4.1.1 Traffic Classes and QoS Parameter
-
Available bandwidth (bps): The bandwidth that network operator allocated to per user and also it can be changed dynamically according to network utilization.
-
Jitter (ms): The average delay variations on the network link.
-
Delay (ms): The average packet delay on the network link.
-
Packet loss: The average number of packet loss during the certain time between RAN and the UE.
-
Streaming: The streaming flows are jitter sensitive and require high bandwidth, but they are tolerable to delay. Video and audio streaming are examples of this class.
-
Background: The background flows are sensitive to packet loss whereas delay and jitter are not important parameters and the average bandwidth is sufficient for them. The typical background traffic are FTP and Email.
-
Interactive: For interactive applications, packet loss is the most crucial QoS criterion. A well-known example of this class is web browsing.
-
Conversational audio: Flows of this category are delay and jitter sensitive but they are tolerant to packet losses and data rate requirement is relatively low. Examples include audio chats and calls.
-
Conversational video: The conversation video flows are highly delay and jitter sensitive and require average bandwidth. Video chatting can be an example of this type.
4.1.2 Setup of the Cloud-Based Information
Network | Streaming | Background | Video | Audio | Interactive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UMTS | 0.2096 | 0.4248 | 0.0211 | 0.0855 | 0.2590 |
WLAN | 0.1883 | 0.1454 | 0.1417 | 0.1728 | 0.3518 |
WiMax | 0.2383 | 0.1542 | 0.0166 | 0.1189 | 0.4720 |