Light Electric Vehicles and Their Charging Aspects

Electric two- and three-wheelers are light electric vehicles (LEV), which constitute the largest segment of electric vehicles in terms of stock. These vehicles will be at the heart of electrification efforts in China, India and other Asian countries as their conventional counterparts preferred for last-mile connectivity and considered as a budget-friendly mode of personal transport. However, charging of these without any active cooling systems will be a difficult proposition in the Asian countries with high ambient temperatures. Traditionally, these vehicles were slow charged due to the use of lead-acid batteries. With the adoption of advanced chemistries, faster charging becomes possible but thermal management continues to be the biggest challenge. On the other hand, battery swapping is an option that can assist in reducing the charging time of the batteries. The proposed chapter would cover details on LEV models, and their charging and swapping aspects and possible recommendations.