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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Limitierende Faktoren der Renaturierung

Author : Norbert Hölzel

Published in: Renaturierungsökologie

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Zusammenfassung

Renaturierung ist durch abiotische und biotische Faktoren limitiert. Zu den abiotischen Faktoren zählen der Wasserhaushalt, die Nährstoffverhältnisse sowie die Versauerung. Die Wiederherstellung eines adäquaten Wasserhaushalts erweist sich besonders bei Mooren als schwierig und ist oft nur eingeschränkt möglich. Ein zentrales Problem der Renaturierung ist die gezielte Absenkung des Nährstoffniveaus der Projektflächen, um die Existenz von artenreichen Zielgemeinschaften zu ermöglichen. Von einer Versauerung durch atmosphärische Deposition betroffen sind vor allem schwach gepufferte Systeme wie Weichwasserseen, Sandheiden, bodensaure Magerrasen und Niedermoore. Ausdauernde Samenbanken im Boden vermögen in feuchten oder stark störungsgeprägten Lebensräumen und nach Brache einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Renaturierung zu leisten. Unter den biotischen Faktoren hat die Ausbreitungslimitierung von Zielarten als Folge von Habitatfragmentierung sowie fehlenden Ausbreitungsvektoren an Bedeutung gewonnen. In ähnlicher Weise kann eine dichte Vegetation und das Ausbleiben von Störungen die Etablierung von Zielarten einschränken. Strategien und Techniken zur Übertragung von Zielarten gehören daher zum Standardrepertoire der ökologischen Renaturierung.

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Title: Limitierende Faktoren der Renaturierung
Author: Norbert Hölzel
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Book: Renaturierungsökologie
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-54912-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-54913-1

Copyright Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54913-1_4