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Published in:
2014 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
4. Livelihoods and the Commons
Author : Vikram Dayal
Published in: The Environment in Economics and Development
Publisher: Springer India
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Abstract
Some public and microeconomics textbooks present Hardins’ Tragedy of the Commons and the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game and stop there, signaling the inevitable tragedy. However, a more satisfactory treatment by Wydick uses game theory to explain how the Prisoner’s Dilemma of the commons can be overcome. Somanathan et al.’s study of Van Panchayats is important both for its result (community management is more cost-effective than management by the forest department), and for its method (establishing causality carefully). Agricultural household models help us incorporate diverse linked production and consumption activities of the household related to biomass extraction. However, community attributes and ecology may have co-evolved historically, influencing patterns of biomass extraction.