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Water Resources Management

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01-09-2014

Local and Global Leak Laws

The Relationship Between Pressure and Leakage for a Single Leak and for a District with Leaks

Authors: Marco Ferrante, Silvia Meniconi, Bruno Brunone

Published in: Water Resources Management | Issue 11/2014

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Abstract

The relationship between the functioning conditions of pipe systems and the leakage, or leak law, can be used at two different scales. At a local scale, i.e. for a single leak, it is derived from the classical orifice equation and, basing on experimental data, is modified to take into account all the relevant parameters it depends on (e.g., leak shape, pipe material and thickness, …). At a global scale, for a whole district or a part of a pressurized pipe system with several leaks, the same relationship is often used, basing on the assumption that the combination of local leak laws produces a similar global leak law.

In this paper the effects of the spatial variation of the leak law parameters at the local scale on the leak law at a global scale are analyzed. Two leak laws derived from the orifice equation, the power law and the linear law, are considered. Results suggest that the global leak law exponent is larger than the corresponding mean local leak law exponent since it takes into account the spatial variability of the quantities affecting leakage.

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Title: Local and Global Leak Laws
The Relationship Between Pressure and Leakage for a Single Leak and for a District with Leaks
Authors: Marco Ferrante
Silvia Meniconi
Bruno Brunone
Publication date: 01-09-2014
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Water Resources Management / Issue 11/2014
Print ISSN: 0920-4741
Electronic ISSN: 1573-1650
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0708-x

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