Skip to main content
Top

Hint

Swipe to navigate through the chapters of this book

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. Maladaptive Consumer Behaviors and Marketing Responses in a Pandemic

Authors : Seth C. Ketron, Judy A. Siguaw, Xiaojing Sheng

Published in: The Future of Service Post-COVID-19 Pandemic, Volume 2

Publisher: Springer Singapore

share
SHARE

Abstract

The COVID-19/coronavirus pandemic has upended consumers’ day-to-day lives and abruptly halted the operations of many businesses of all sizes. In the face of these challenges, how should marketers respond? Although pundits have suggested a uniform marketing approach in addressing and appealing to consumers during the pandemic, such a universal approach contradicts market segmentation wisdom. To better utilize sound marketing practices, marketers require a clear means of segmenting consumers during global crises. In response to this unfulfilled need, this study builds on the theoretical framework of the Extended Parallel Process Model, or EPPM (Witte 1991, 1992a, b, 1994), and identifies two distinct segments of consumers—labeled as Rejectionists and Survivalists—who have responded to the pandemic in differing maladaptive ways. In this work, each segment is described in detail and validated with cluster analysis, and suggestions are given to marketers for engaging with and promoting to each segment. These market segments are the first to be developed to assist marketers in identifying appropriate engagement and promotional strategies in a national crisis.

To get access to this content you need the following product:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 69.000 Bücher
  • über 500 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt 90 Tage mit der neuen Mini-Lizenz testen!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 58.000 Bücher
  • über 300 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko





Jetzt 90 Tage mit der neuen Mini-Lizenz testen!

Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
go back to reference Block, L. G., & Keller, P. A. (1995). When to accentuate the negative: The effects of perceived efficacy and message framing on intentions to perform a health-related behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 32(2), 192–203. CrossRef Block, L. G., & Keller, P. A. (1995). When to accentuate the negative: The effects of perceived efficacy and message framing on intentions to perform a health-related behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 32(2), 192–203. CrossRef
go back to reference Diegelmann, S., Ninaus, K., & Terlutter, R. (2020). Distracted driving prevention: An analysis of recent UK campaigns. Journal of Social Marketing, 10(2), 243–264. CrossRef Diegelmann, S., Ninaus, K., & Terlutter, R. (2020). Distracted driving prevention: An analysis of recent UK campaigns. Journal of Social Marketing, 10(2), 243–264. CrossRef
go back to reference Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson, & Co. Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson, & Co.
go back to reference Higgins, E. T. (1998). Promotion and prevention: Regulatory focus as a motivational principle. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 30, pp. 1–46). New York: Academic Press. Higgins, E. T. (1998). Promotion and prevention: Regulatory focus as a motivational principle. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 30, pp. 1–46). New York: Academic Press.
go back to reference Johnston, A. C., & Warkentin, M. (2010). Fear appeals and information security behaviors: An empirical study. MIS Quarterly, 34(3), 549–566. CrossRef Johnston, A. C., & Warkentin, M. (2010). Fear appeals and information security behaviors: An empirical study. MIS Quarterly, 34(3), 549–566. CrossRef
go back to reference Jowett, G. S., & O’Donnell, V. (2018). Propaganda & persuasion (7th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage. Jowett, G. S., & O’Donnell, V. (2018). Propaganda & persuasion (7th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.
go back to reference Kirk, C. P., & Rifkin, L. S. (2020, September). I’ll trade you diamonds for toilet paper: Consumer reacting, coping and adapting behaviors in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Research, 117, 124–131. Kirk, C. P., & Rifkin, L. S. (2020, September). I’ll trade you diamonds for toilet paper: Consumer reacting, coping and adapting behaviors in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Research, 117, 124–131.
go back to reference Kubacki, K., Rundle-Thiele, S., Lahtinen, V., & Parkinson, J. (2015). A systematic review assessing the extent of social marketing principle use in interventions targeting children (2000–2014). Young Consumers, 16(2), 141–158. CrossRef Kubacki, K., Rundle-Thiele, S., Lahtinen, V., & Parkinson, J. (2015). A systematic review assessing the extent of social marketing principle use in interventions targeting children (2000–2014). Young Consumers, 16(2), 141–158. CrossRef
go back to reference Kubacki, K., Rundle-Thiele, S., Pang, B., Carins, J., Parkinson, J., Fujihara, H., et al. (2017). An umbrella review of the use of segmentation in social marketing interventions. Segmentation in Social Marketing, 117(1), 9–23. CrossRef Kubacki, K., Rundle-Thiele, S., Pang, B., Carins, J., Parkinson, J., Fujihara, H., et al. (2017). An umbrella review of the use of segmentation in social marketing interventions. Segmentation in Social Marketing, 117(1), 9–23. CrossRef
go back to reference Laroche, M., Toffoli, R., Zhang, Q., & Pons, F. (2001). A cross-cultural study of the persuasive effect of fear appeal messages in cigarette advertising: China and Canada. International Journal of Advertising, 20(3), 297–317. CrossRef Laroche, M., Toffoli, R., Zhang, Q., & Pons, F. (2001). A cross-cultural study of the persuasive effect of fear appeal messages in cigarette advertising: China and Canada. International Journal of Advertising, 20(3), 297–317. CrossRef
go back to reference Leventhal, H. (1970). Findings and theory in the study of fear communications. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 5, pp. 119–186). New York: Academic Press. Leventhal, H. (1970). Findings and theory in the study of fear communications. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 5, pp. 119–186). New York: Academic Press.
go back to reference Leventhal, H., Safer, M. A., & Panagis, D. M. (1983). The impact of communications on the self-regulation of health beliefs, decisions, and behavior. Health Education Quarterly, 10, 3–29. CrossRef Leventhal, H., Safer, M. A., & Panagis, D. M. (1983). The impact of communications on the self-regulation of health beliefs, decisions, and behavior. Health Education Quarterly, 10, 3–29. CrossRef
go back to reference Liu, B., Pennington-Gray, L., & Krieger, J. (2016). Tourism crisis management: Can the extended parallel process model be used to understand crisis responses in the cruise industry? Tourism Management, 55, 310–321. CrossRef Liu, B., Pennington-Gray, L., & Krieger, J. (2016). Tourism crisis management: Can the extended parallel process model be used to understand crisis responses in the cruise industry? Tourism Management, 55, 310–321. CrossRef
go back to reference Moody, G. D., Siponen, M., & Pahnila, S. (2018). Toward a unified model of information security policy compliance. MIS Quarterly, 42(1), 285–334. CrossRef Moody, G. D., Siponen, M., & Pahnila, S. (2018). Toward a unified model of information security policy compliance. MIS Quarterly, 42(1), 285–334. CrossRef
go back to reference Nandakumar, N., Sivakumaran, B., Kalro, A., & Sharma, P. (2017). Threat, efficacy and message framing in consumer healthcare. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 35(4), 442–457. CrossRef Nandakumar, N., Sivakumaran, B., Kalro, A., & Sharma, P. (2017). Threat, efficacy and message framing in consumer healthcare. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 35(4), 442–457. CrossRef
go back to reference Noar, S. M., Rohde, J. A., Barker, J. O., Hall, M. G., & Brewer, N. T. (2020). Pictorial cigarette pack warnings increase some risk appraisals but not risk beliefs: A meta-analysis. Human Communication Research, 46(2–3), 250–272. CrossRef Noar, S. M., Rohde, J. A., Barker, J. O., Hall, M. G., & Brewer, N. T. (2020). Pictorial cigarette pack warnings increase some risk appraisals but not risk beliefs: A meta-analysis. Human Communication Research, 46(2–3), 250–272. CrossRef
go back to reference Pantano, E., Pizzi, G., Scarpi, D., & Dennis, C. (2020). Competing during a pandemic? Retailer’s ups and downs during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Business Research, 116(August), 209–213. CrossRef Pantano, E., Pizzi, G., Scarpi, D., & Dennis, C. (2020). Competing during a pandemic? Retailer’s ups and downs during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Business Research, 116(August), 209–213. CrossRef
go back to reference Rogers, R. W. (1975). A protection motivation theory of fear appeals and attitude change. Journal of Psychology, 91, 93–114. CrossRef Rogers, R. W. (1975). A protection motivation theory of fear appeals and attitude change. Journal of Psychology, 91, 93–114. CrossRef
go back to reference Rogers, R. W. (1983). Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: A revised theory of protection motivation. In J. Cacioppo & R. Petty (Eds.), Social psychophysiology (pp. 155–176). New York, NY: Guilford. Rogers, R. W. (1983). Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: A revised theory of protection motivation. In J. Cacioppo & R. Petty (Eds.), Social psychophysiology (pp. 155–176). New York, NY: Guilford.
go back to reference Shi, J., & Smith, S. W. (2016). The effects of fear appeal message repetition on perceived threat, perceived efficacy, and behavioral intention in the extended parallel process model. Health Communication, 31(3), 275–286. CrossRef Shi, J., & Smith, S. W. (2016). The effects of fear appeal message repetition on perceived threat, perceived efficacy, and behavioral intention in the extended parallel process model. Health Communication, 31(3), 275–286. CrossRef
go back to reference Tenebaum, G., & Eklund, R. C. (Eds.). (2020). Handbook of sport psychology (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Tenebaum, G., & Eklund, R. C. (Eds.). (2020). Handbook of sport psychology (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
go back to reference Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2010). Construal-level theory of psychological distance. Psychological Review, 117(2), 440–463. CrossRef Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2010). Construal-level theory of psychological distance. Psychological Review, 117(2), 440–463. CrossRef
go back to reference van Holm, E. J., Monaghan, J., Shahar, D. C., Messina, J. P., & Surprenant, C. (2020, April 11). The impact of political ideology on concern and behavior during COVID-19. SSRN [online]. Available at: https://​ssrn.​com/​abstract=​3573224. Accessed 22 June 2020. van Holm, E. J., Monaghan, J., Shahar, D. C., Messina, J. P., & Surprenant, C. (2020, April 11). The impact of political ideology on concern and behavior during COVID-19. SSRN [online]. Available at: https://​ssrn.​com/​abstract=​3573224. Accessed 22 June 2020.
go back to reference Witte, K. (1991). Preventing AIDS through persuasive communications: Fear appeals and preventive action efficacy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Irvine. Witte, K. (1991). Preventing AIDS through persuasive communications: Fear appeals and preventive action efficacy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Irvine.
go back to reference Witte, K. (1992a). Putting the fear back into fear appeals: The extended parallel process model. Communication Monographs, 59(4), 329–349. CrossRef Witte, K. (1992a). Putting the fear back into fear appeals: The extended parallel process model. Communication Monographs, 59(4), 329–349. CrossRef
go back to reference Witte, K. (1992b). The role of threat and efficacy in AIDS prevention. The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 12(3), 225–249. CrossRef Witte, K. (1992b). The role of threat and efficacy in AIDS prevention. The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 12(3), 225–249. CrossRef
go back to reference Witte, K. (1994). Fear control and danger control: A test of the extended parallel process model. Communication Monographs, 61(2), 113–134. CrossRef Witte, K. (1994). Fear control and danger control: A test of the extended parallel process model. Communication Monographs, 61(2), 113–134. CrossRef
go back to reference Witte, K., Cameron, K. A., McKeon, J. K., & Berkowitz, J. (1996). Predicting risk behaviors: Development and validation of a diagnostic scale. Journal of Health Communication, 1(4), 317–341. Witte, K., Cameron, K. A., McKeon, J. K., & Berkowitz, J. (1996). Predicting risk behaviors: Development and validation of a diagnostic scale. Journal of Health Communication, 1(4), 317–341.
Metadata
Title
Maladaptive Consumer Behaviors and Marketing Responses in a Pandemic
Authors
Seth C. Ketron
Judy A. Siguaw
Xiaojing Sheng
Copyright Year
2021
Publisher
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4134-0_2

Premium Partner