Management International Review

This study investigates the drivers of pressures from various institutions in the nonmarket environment and the responses of MNEs to these pressures in a host country. By taking a broad institutional perspective, this study pairs and integrates …

Systematic international diversification research depends on reliable measurements of the degree of internationalization (DOI) of the firm. In this paper, we argue that the inclusion of social markers of internationalization can contribute to the …

The paper analyses how multinational enterprises (MNEs) manage their interactions with host governments during the market entry process. A qualitative multiple case study collected data through in-depth interviews with multiple participants in six …

We argue that governments use different types of minority state ownership in domestic multinationals to balance the provision of public and private goods and maximize political survival in emerging market democracies. Using a sample of Brazilian …

Foreign firms in emerging countries face various institutionally-driven challenges. Nonmarket strategy scholars argue that these challenges incite corporate political activity. Consequently, researchers have explored the influence of institutional …